Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0039483 (giant cell arteritis)
 3,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Orofacial pain can have an inflammatory, neurologic or musculoskeletal cause. Inflammatory diseases include dental abscess, sinusitis, temporal arteritis, sialolithiasis and infections of the parotid gland. Common neurologic diseases that cause facial pain are trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, paratrigeminal neuralgia and cluster headaches. Musculoskeletal causes include temporomandibular joint syndrome and myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome. A clear understanding of pertinent anatomy and an organized approach to diagnosis will facilitate the evaluation of patients with orofacial pain.
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PMID:Orofacial pain: diagnosis and treatment. 136 Jul 64

The head and face contain one of the densest and richest nerve supplies in the body. Consequently, the face and head are particularly sensitive to pain, and patients afflicted with pain involving these parts of their bodies often come to feel that they are being subjected to the most unbearable tortures. Fortunately, specific and effective pharmacotherapy is now available for many of these conditions. This article reviews the indications, dosing regimens, and potential side effects of the drugs used for the treatment of trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia, posttherapeutic neuralgia, temporal arteritis, and migraine based on the clinical pharmacology of these drugs, so that the most appropriate treatment for each patient can be chosen on a sound, rational basis.
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PMID:Clinical pharmacology of drugs used to treat head and face pain. 218 Dec 62

Carotidynia has an extensive differential diagnosis, including such conditions as pharyngitis, otitis, bruxism, temporomandibular joint syndrome, neuralgia, myalgia and temporal arteritis. Carotidynia may be divided into three distinct classifications: migrainous, nonmigrainous (or classic) and arteriosclerotic. Successful treatment depends on correct classification of the disorder. Ergotamine, propranolol and tricyclic antidepressants have been effective treatments in patients with migrainous carotidynia, and steroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have proved effective for the classic type of carotidynia. Further investigation is required before it can be determined if treatment for the arteriosclerotic type should be medical or surgical.
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PMID:Carotidynia. 794 17

A variety of conditions are frequently associated with the occurrence of head and neck pain. The purposes of this review are: to describe the characteristics of several musculoskeletal, neurological, and systemic conditions frequently cited as possible causes of head and neck pain and to suggest a new technique for treating head and neck pain. The characteristics of musculoskeletal conditions, such as muscle spasm, tendinitis, trigger points, and joint inflammation, and their relationship to head and neck pain are considered. The features and clinical implications of neurologic conditions, such as atypical facial pain, trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, and neurogenic inflammation, are also described. The distinguishing characteristics of headaches, including cluster, tension, chronic daily, rebound, posttraumatic, and postlumbar puncture, are detailed. This review also addresses the contributions of systemic disorders, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and the variants, and rheumatoid-related conditions, like dermatomyositis, temporal arteritis, Lyme's disease, and fibromyalgia, to head and neck pain. The results of a recent pilot study of the effectiveness of intraoral circulating ice water for resolving symptoms related to head and neck pain secondary to neurogenic inflammation are presented in this work. Ice water circulating through hollow metal tubes was placed intraorally for 15 minutes in the posterior maxillary area on 12 individuals with cervical pain and muscle spasm. In nine of these individuals, reduced cervical pain perception, upper trapezius electromyography signal reduction, and increased cervical range of motion was produced. Six out of 12 individuals had accompanying headache, which was reduced or eliminated in four cases. These findings suggest a strong trigemino-cervical relationship to neck pain and headache.
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PMID:Head and neck pain review: traditional and new perspectives. 889 41

Whilst headache disorders belong to the most common health problems of the younger population, the occurrence diminishes with advancing age. However, in individual cases headaches may be especially severe in old age significantly reducing the quality of life. Typical causes of headache in the elderly are giant cell arteritis (arteritis temporalis), cranial neuralgia and hypnic headache. The incidence of intracranial mass lesions also increases with age. In addition to these secondary forms of headache, the typical primary headache disorders migraine, tension headache and cluster headache may also persist in the elderly. In drug treatment of headaches in the elderly, an impairment of renal and/or hepatic function has to be taken in account, as should be the potential multimorbidity of elderly patients.
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PMID:[Headache and facial pain in the elderly]. 1792 68

Temporal arteritis and trigeminal neuralgia are rare causes of a headache, and the combination is rarer still. The present patient was diagnosed with temporal arteritis at the age of 60 years and presented with trigeminal neuralgia after the sedimentation rate had returned to normal under treatment. The underlying cause of neuralgia in cases of temporal arteritis varies. This report is an examination of the rare association of the 2 conditions and the available literature.
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PMID:Temporal arteritis and trigeminal neuralgia overlap syndrome: A case report. 3174 43

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is the causative agent of chicken pox (varicella) and shingles (zoster). Although considered benign diseases, both varicella and zoster can cause complications. Zoster is painful and can lead to post herpetic neuralgia. VZV has also been linked to stroke, related to giant cell arteritis in some cases. Vaccines are available but the attenuated vaccine is not recommended in immunocompromised individuals and the efficacy of the glycoprotein E (gE) based subunit vaccine has not been evaluated for the prevention of varicella. A hallmark of VZV pathology is the formation of multinucleated cells termed polykaryocytes in skin lesions. This cell-cell fusion (abbreviated as cell fusion) is mediated by the VZV glycoproteins gB, gH and gL, which constitute the fusion complex of VZV, also needed for virion entry. Expression of gB, gH and gL during VZV infection and trafficking to the cell surface enables cell fusion. Recent evidence supports the concept that cellular processes are required for regulating cell fusion induced by gB/gH-gL. Mutations within the carboxyl domains of either gB or gH have profound effects on fusion regulation and dramatically restrict the ability of VZV to replicate in human skin. This loss of regulation modifies the transcriptome of VZV infected cells. Furthermore, cellular proteins have significant effects on the regulation of gB/gH-gL-mediated cell fusion and the replication of VZV, exemplified by the cellular phosphatase, calcineurin. This review provides the current state-of-the-art knowledge about the molecular controls of cell fusion-dependent pathogenesis caused by VZV.
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PMID:Varicella-zoster virus: molecular controls of cell fusion-dependent pathogenesis. 3325 90