Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0039483 (giant cell arteritis)
 3,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Whipple's disease is a rare disease with protean clinical manifestations, often mimicking those of other pathological conditions. We describe two new cases, one admitted to hospital only after Giardia lamblia infestation had drawn attention to gut symptoms, and the other who was treated for a long time with steroids for suspected Horton's arteritis. Once again, we stress the importance of bearing this polymorph disease in mind, especially in older people.
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PMID:Whipple's disease: a continuous challenge. 753

The authors present marsh rat Holochilus brasiliensis, jirds Meriones shawi and M. unguiculatus as new models of Schistosoma haematobium infection. Histological findings were compared with those of classic models mouse Mus and hamster Mesocricetus. In new models, embryonated eggs were seen in the stool from 90 days post infestation (DPI) and active disease developed from 117 to 175 DPI. Seven out of 10 rodents presented granulomatous and/or chronic cystitis, fibrosis, polyps and urothelial changes: squamous metaplasia, precancerous dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. In the digestive tract of all new models, granulomas eroded the mucosa, formed inflammatory polyps, infiltrated the wall and accumulated into bilharziomas. In the liver, granulomatous hepatitis surrounded by bilharzial pigment deposit was apparent. Pipe-stem fibrosis involved 4 rodents with precirrhotic changes in 1 and portal hypertension in 2. One female Meriones suffered from granulomatous endometritis and salpingitis. All new models developed pulmonary granulomatosis with associated vascular lesions: giant cell arteritis in 1 rodent, thromboses in 3 and pulmonary hypertension in 4 others. In classic models, 1 Mus presented a squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder while Mesocricetus displayed diverse lesions in digestive and genital tracts, liver and lungs. All tissue lesions, resembling those seen in humans in all points, were far more frequent and severe in new models than in classic ones. Those involving the urinary bladder have never been reported in other models such as monkeys: Pan troglodytes, Cercopithecus aethiops and Cebus apella. A comparison was carried out between different models on the basis of experimental conditions: definitive hosts, number of cercariae used, type and duration of infection. This study clearly demonstrated that Holochilus brasiliensis, Meriones shawi and M. unguiculatus are perfectly adequate models in terms of laboratory facilities. They are helpful in investigating the pathogenic mechanism of some disorders in S. haematobium infection, particularly tumours of the urinary bladder, and this may enhance therapeutic assays.
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PMID:Histopathological observations in new and classic models of experimental Schistosoma haematobium infections. 867 38

Most biopsies of cutaneous vasculitis will exhibit a small vessel neutrophilic vasculitis [leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV)] that is associated with immune complexes on direct immunofluorescence examination or, less commonly, antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) by indirect immunofluorescence testing. Is in uncommon for skin biopsy to reveal solely a neutrophilic arteritis signifying the presence of cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa or, if accompanied by significant lobular panniculitis, nodular vasculitis/erythema induratum. In other cases, cutaneous vascular damage (fibrinoid necrosis, muscular vessel wall disruption, or endarteritis obliterans) will be mediated by a nonneutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate. Eosinophilic vasculitis can be a primary (idiopathic) process that overlaps with hypereosinophilic syndrome, or it can be a secondary vasculitis associated with connective tissue disease or parasite infestation. Authentic cutaneous granulomatous vasculitis (versus vasculitis with extravascular granulomas) can represent a cutaneous manifestation of giant cell arteritis, an eruption secondary to systemic disease such as Crohn's disease or sarcoidosis, or a localized disorder, often a post-herpes zoster (HZ) phenomenon. Lymphocytic vasculitis is a histologic reaction pattern that correlates with broad clinical differential diagnosis, which includes connective tissue disease - mostly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), endothelial infection by Rickettsia and viruses, idiopathic lichenoid dermatoses such as perniosis or ulcerative necrotic Mucha-Habermann disease, and angiocentric cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Skin biopsy extending into the subcutis, identifying the dominant inflammatory cell and caliber of vessels affected, extravascular histologic clues such as presence of lichenoid dermatitis or panniculitis, and correlation with clinical data allows for accurate diagnosis of these uncommon vasculitic entities.
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PMID:Cutaneous vasculitis update: neutrophilic muscular vessel and eosinophilic, granulomatous, and lymphocytic vasculitis syndromes. 1728 60