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Query: UMLS:C0039483 (giant cell arteritis)
 3,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe a case in which giant cell arteritis coexisted with microscopic polyarteritis nodosa and focal-local glomerulonephritis. We also review previous cases of renal abnormalities in giant cell arteritis. We believe that this association of inflammatory renal disease and giant cell arteritis has not been documented in the past.
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PMID:Giant cell arteritis with visceral angiitis. 0 17

We report a case of biopsy-proven temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica with improved clinical symptoms with steroid treatment but with subsequent renal failure while on steroids. Kidney biopsy showed focal segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis with crescents and small-vessel vasculitis. Treatment with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide achieved normalization of renal function. We emphasize the importance of kidney biopsy because of its therapeutic implications. The previous literature concerning renal disease in temporal arteritis is discussed.
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PMID:Renal failure in temporal arteritis. 148 11

Wegener's granulomatosis is a clinicopathologic syndrome of unknown etiology characterized by granulomatous vasculitis of the upper and lower respiratory tracts and by glomerulonephritis. Virtually any organ system can be affected, and many patients present with unusual features of disease. During the period covered by this review, several articles reported atypical manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis, including diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, lymphadenopathy, diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage, and overlap with giant cell arteritis. Unusual features of upper airway, eye, gastrointestinal, nervous system, and genitourinary tract disease were also described, and less common histopathologic features of pulmonary and nasal disease were characterized.
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PMID:Less common manifestations and presentations of Wegener's granulomatosis. 154 58

A 59-year-old man showed asynchronous development of noninfectious granulomatous aortitis with aneurysm, followed 9 months later by pulmonary capillaritis and glomerulonephritis in association with elevated serum antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody levels. To our knowledge, the combination of large artery vasculitis and small vessel systemic vasculitis (capillaritis) has not been previously reported. This case may represent a hybrid type of systemic vasculitis combining features of giant cell arteritis and Wegener's granulomatosis.
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PMID:Pulmonary capillaritis and glomerulonephritis in an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive patient with prior granulomatous aortitis. 225 17

An allergic disease may develop in any organ or system. The respective etiological factors include foreign proteins, infectious agents such as various microbes, viruses, moulds, parasites, chemical compounds often in the form of drugs usually designated as haptens, polysaccharides, benign and malignant neoplasms. Of the factors operating in the causal pathogenesis of such diseases the most important one is an exaggerated formation of antibodies, which appears to be uncontrolled and occurring irrespective of the demands of the organism. The essential morphological features in allergic inflammation are rather variegated, their diagnostic value differing in a wide range but being never absolute. The above features include eosinophilic leucocytes, allergic arteritis and phlebitis, fibrinoid necrotic glomerulonephritis, histiocytic granulomatous inflammation or histiocytic granuloma. Granulomatous capsulitis and trabeculitis affecting the spleen and lymph nodes are believed to be of major diagnostic significance. The immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase methods and electron microscopy are important diagnostic tools. It has been generally acknowledged that many drugs operate as antigens. They may cause death of the respective patient, but allergic manifestations may subside after withdrawal of such drugs. On occasion they operate as a trigger mechanism with the allergy progressing even after treatment had been interrupted. Therefore they have been receiving extreme attention. Our collection of cases a case of giant-cell myocarditis following sulfamethoxypyridazine, anaphylactic shock has been reported to occur after intravenous administration of novocaine, and generalized cutaneous vasculitis developed in the same patient during the subsequent phase. A similar cutaneous finding was reported to have developed after penicillin injection, granulomatous inflammation developed owing to sulfonamide treatment. Allergic tumour-like lymphadenitis developed after administration of anti-anthracic serum; an anticonvulsive syndrome developed after hydantoinate administration. The latter consisted of generalized exanthema, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and generalized lymphadenopathy. The lymph nodes showed tumour-like lymphadenitis mimicking lymphogranuloma or reticulosis. Allergic diseases appear as either isolated organ lesions or systemic diseases. Thus, isolated and systemic polyarteritis nodosa, isolated nasal, pulmonary or systemic Wegener's granulomatosis have been recognized. Temporal arteritis has been recognized as a localized form of systemic giant-cell arteritis. The haemolytic-uraemic syndrome appears to be a milder variety of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Allergic diseases or manifestations occasionally affect two or more organs or systems.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Pathology of allergic diseases. 248 27

Humoral and cellular immune mechanisms are thought to be involved in various forms of vasculitis and glomerulonephritis. Recent clinical and experimental results point to a role of cytokines in ANCA-positive vasculitides. In patients with malignant rheumatoid arthritis (MRA) which is characteristically induced by vasculitis in extra-articular lesions, serum soluble IL-2 receptor level was significantly higher than in rheumatoid arthritis patients without vasculitis. In Wegener's granulomatosis, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-2 receptor positive infiltrating cells were observed in the kidneys of these patients, and in these patients, plasma levels of TNF-alpha and soluble IL-2 receptor were markedly increased. These results suggest that in ANCA-positive vasculitis TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta are produced in situ by activated infiltrating mononuclear cells and resident renal cells. In patients with giant cell arteritis and Kawasaki disease, increased levels of leukaemic inhibitory factor (LIF) and TNF-alpha were observed, respectively. These inflammatory cytokines increased in the vascular tissues and circulation may be a result of increased production by infiltrated cells or vascular cells such as endothelial cells or may be a result of endothelial cell lysis.
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PMID:[Cytokines and vasculitis]. 793 78

A 59-year-old white woman with temporal arteritis developed progressive renal failure. Renal biopsy results showed focal and segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis; furthermore, giant cells were present in the destructed vessel walls. Immunosuppressive therapy did not prevent terminal renal failure. This case shows that renal involvement may be a feature of temporal arteritis.
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PMID:Renal failure in giant cell vasculitis. 963 52

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic vasculitic disease, which in very rare cases causes inflammatory complications such as secondary amyloidosis. We describe a well-documented case, with a clinically mild course, of biopsyproven giant cell arteritis as the only apparent cause of systemic AA-Amyloidosis. The deterioration in renal function due to amyloid deposition occurred rapidly and only a few months after manifestation of giant cell arteritis and was not reversible by steroid treatment. The renal arteries were normal and there was no glomerulonephritis due to giant cell arteritis. This unique case demonstrates that giant cell arteritis with a mild clinical course is closely associated with early-onset severe secondary amyloidosis.
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PMID:Giant cell arteritis "causing" AA-amyloidosis with rapid renal failure. 1110 May 14

Giant cell arteritis, which most commonly affects the temporal arteries, may involve intrarenal vessels and may be associated with a variety of renal lesions, including necrotizing arteritis, necrotizing glomerulonephritis, granulomatous glomerulonephritis, and membranous glomerulopathy. Isolated giant cell arteritis of the kidney is a rare cause of renal failure. We report a case of a previously healthy 54-year-old white woman who presented with nonoliguric renal failure and a 4-week history of persistent low-grade fever associated with diffuse mild myalgias. She had no history of previous renal or neurologic disease and denied any headaches or visual disturbances. Antinuclear antibody and antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody were negative. Renal biopsy revealed noncaseating granulomatous infiltration of arterial and arteriolar walls, a patchy mononuclear cell interstitial infiltrate, and no significant glomerular changes. Treatment with prednisone resulted in dramatic improvement of renal function.
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PMID:Isolated renal giant cell arteritis. 1261

We report on a middle-aged Caucasian male who presented with nephrotic syndrome that on 2 consecutive recurrences was accompanied by a pulsating tumor suggesting temporal arteritis. Renal biopsies showed features of a low-grade mesangial-proliferative glomerulonephritis. The resected tumor in the temporal region revealed a lesion consistent with angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE), with moderate inflammatory involvement of the temporal artery. The patient was successfully treated with oral prednisolone in addition to removal of the tumor, but has remained steroid-dependent. To our knowledge, only 2 cases of ALHE and nephrotic syndrome have been reported so far in non-Japanese individuals [Altman et al. 1995, Sonkodi et al. 1987], and we are not aware of any previous case combining these features while simultaneuosly mimicking temporal arteritis.
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PMID:Recurrent angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia mimicking temporal arteritis associated with nephrotic syndrome. 1512 37


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