Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0039483 (giant cell arteritis)
 3,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The annual incidence of giant cell arteritis (the term used in this study to encompass the syndromes of temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica, occurring either together or alone) was prospectively determined in a Danish county that had a population of approximately 200,000. In a single year, 46 new cases of giant cell arteritis were diagnosed, a number which corresponds to an incidence in the overall population of 21.5/10(5), and to an incidence of 76.6/10(5) for individuals age 50 years or older. These rates are higher than those previously reported in retrospective studies. The 3-year followup of all patients showed no onset of other diseases that would require a revision of the original diagnosis. There was no deviation from the age- and sex specific malignancy rate or the mortality rate in the overall population. Women had an incidence rate 4 to 5 times higher than that seen in men. Symptoms, for the most part, were the same as those found in other studies; however, vision loss was not observed during the followup period. Point prevalence at the start of the study was 37.8/10(5), which is below the rates previously reported. This is probably because of failure on the part of participating physicians to record all cases.
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PMID:Giant cell arteritis, temporal arteritis, and polymyalgia rheumatica in a Danish county. A prospective investigation, 1982-1985. 356 21

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory disease which mainly affects the elderly and is highly responsive to steroid therapy. PMR can be associated with giant cell arteritis as well as with malignancy. Three cases of malignant neoplasms of the digestive apparatus beginning with a clinical picture similar to that of the "idiopathic" PMR, but with poor response to steroid therapy are presented. In one case the primary neoplasm was found only at the autopsy. These observations suggest that a careful clinical evaluation and a long follow-up are necessary for a correct diagnosis of "idiopathic" PMR.
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PMID:[Paraneoplastic polymyalgia rheumatica. Case contribution]. 377 96

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is seldom the sole clue to disease in asymptomatic persons and is not a useful screening test. When the rate is increased, a careful history and physical examination will generally disclose the cause. An unexplained increase in the ESR is generally transitory and seldom due to serious disease. The test is most useful in diagnosing temporal arteritis and monitoring the patient's response to treatment. The test has little diagnostic value in rheumatoid arthritis but may be useful in monitoring disease activity when clinical findings are equivocal. The ESR is often normal in patients with cancer, infection, and connective tissue disease and is therefore of little use in excluding these diseases in patients with vague complaints.
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PMID:The erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Guidelines for rational use. 395 79

Nine elderly patients presented with features of a multisystem disorder thought to be either a connective tissue disease of undefined type or disseminated malignancy. Associated features were a normochromic anaemia, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (or plasma viscosity) and raised serum alkaline phosphatase levels. None had symptoms to suggest either giant cell arteritis or polymyalgia rheumatica. Temporal artery biopsy was performed before trial of corticosteroid therapy in four, and two showed giant cell arteritis. All nine responded dramatically to corticosteroids and the anaemias resolved. One died after 6 y, and the rest are well after 1 to 7 y.
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PMID:Steroid sensitive systemic disease with anaemia in the elderly: a manifestation of giant cell arteritis? 401 33

The diagnosis of temporal arteritis is made after a mean delay of four months. This delay is explained by the absence, in 50% of cases, of any clinical sign in the temporal area, the possible presence of alterations in liver function tests, and the frequency of anemia and loss of weight. These signs often suggest a mistaken diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease or cancer. The authors evaluate the cost of this delay in a personal series of 33 cases confirmed histologically. They recommend biopsy of the temporal artery in each patient aged more than 70 with a marked rise in erythrocyte sedimentation rate unexplained by an infectious disease or dysglobulinemia.
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PMID:[Horton's disease: a too often delayed diagnosis. Plea for an early biopsy of the temporal artery]. 632 5

The clinical course of patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of temporal arteritis but with negative temporal artery biopsy specimens was evaluated. Ninety-one patients undergoing a biopsy formed the basis of this study. Of these, 63 patients had no evidence of arteritis on biopsy, and 28 patients had biopsy specimens showing granulomatous inflammation. False-negative findings from biopsy specimens occurred in 5% of patients who had the disease. Cancer was the final diagnosis in 21% of patients with negative biopsy specimens v 3% of patients with temporal arteritis. Various chronic systemic inflammatory diseases were found in 16% of patients with negative biopsy specimens, while none of the patients with temporal arteritis had additional systemic inflammatory diseases. Patients with proven arteritis were notably older and had higher ESRs than patients without the disease. However, no laboratory test or frequently observed symptom or sign noted on initial examination, considered alone or in combination with other findings, had diagnostic sensitivity or specificity as high as temporal artery biopsy.
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PMID:The clinical value of negative temporal artery biopsy specimens. 688 56

Temporal headache, blindness, and polymyalgia rheumatica are well-recognized manifestions of giant cell arteritis. However, the disease may present in less evident fashion as shown by 30 of 74 patients with biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis whose predominant complaint was not one ot these cardinal symptoms. For this group of 30, the main problem was fever in 12 patients, anorexia, weight loss, and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase level suggesting an occult malignancy in 7, and unexplained anemia in 3. Four patients had a neurologic syndrome; 2 had diplopia and 2 acute weakness of one arm. Claudication was the chief complaint of 4 patients, involving the leg in 1, the arm in 1, and the jaw in 2. All patients responded well to steroid therapy.
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PMID:Presentation of occult giant cell arteritis. 738 40

A woman of 79 years was admitted to our hospital because of headache and high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Temporal artery biopsy demonstrated giant cell arteritis and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs were effective. Another woman of 69 years was admitted because of headache, high ESR, and polymyalgia. Temporal arteritis (TA) with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) was established in biopsy of the temporal artery, and steroid therapy was effective. In our hospital, a third patient of 81 years was also suffering from TA with PMR, but temporal artery biopsy was not performed. Those three cases were followed for several years after the diagnosis of TA. Two years later, cancer in cervix of uterus was diagnosed in first case, and acute myelogenous leukemia in second case. However, such symptoms were not observed in third case. These findings and recently described reports suggest that the patients with biopsy-proven TA may have an increased risk of developing malignancy.
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PMID:[Occurrence of malignancy in patients with biopsy-proven temporal arteritis]. 755 30

The incidence of polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis is increasing, mainly in elderly people. The risk of cancer during a lifetime is high in patients with positive biopsy of the temporal artery, but polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis are not to be considered as paraneoplastic syndromes. Temporal arteritis can appear in patients under treatment for polymyalgia rheumatica, and polymyalgia rheumatica can be accompanied by arthritis. Various new aspects of diagnoses and treatment are discussed.
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PMID:[Polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis. New aspects of diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and risk of cancer]. 799 12

A human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) carrier with temporal arteritis (TA) in whom acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) developed 1 year after successful treatment of the autoimmune disease is described. This case suggested that the induction of immunodeficiency by infection with HTLV-I may be related to the development of the autoimmune disease and malignancy.
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PMID:A human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I carrier with temporal arteritis terminating in acute myelogenous leukemia. 801 89


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