Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For the purpose of obtaining basic data and for establishing a support system for elderly people with various health and social problems, a population survey was performed in 1990 to investigate the health and living conditions of elderly people living alone, elderly couples and the bedridden elderly in the town of Shigaraki, Shiga Prefecture. A total of 275 subjects (103 male, 172 female) 65 years of age and over were surveyed. The participation rate in this survey was 88.1%. Analysis of health conditions (morbidity rate, blood pressure, electrocardiograph and blood examination data) of elderly people living alone, elderly couples and the bedridden elderly produced the following: 1) Stroke was the main cause of being bedridden in men, while in women, bone and joint disease, especially fracture, was the main cause. 2) The combined prevalence of hypertension and borderline hypertension in elderly people living alone, elderly couples and the bedridden elderly was over 50%. The bedridden elderly had a lower prevalence than elderly people living alone and elderly couples. 3) Men in all of the above mentioned life styles, had a higher tendency of showing ECG abnormalities than women. The tendency for major ECG abnormalities was high for bedridden elderly, both male and female, with the tendency for men being higher. 4) In bedridden elderly, a tendency of higher prevalence of anemia, in both male and females, lower total serum cholesterol and triglyceride in males compared to elderly people living alone and in elderly couples, was observed.
 ...
PMID:[A comparative study of the health conditions of elderly people living alone, elderly couples and the bedridden elderly at home in a rural area of Shiga Prefecture: special reference to morbidity rate and blood pressure, electrocardiograph and blood examination data]. 824 35

In spite of national interest in gender differences in the presentation and management of chronic disease, limited information is available about possible gender differences in the receipt of thrombolytic therapy after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). As part of an ongoing community-based study of AMI, we examined gender differences in the receipt of thrombolytic therapy among 2885 patients with confirmed AMI. The study sample consisted of 1680 males and 1205 females with validated AMI who were admitted to 16 hospitals in the Worcester, Massachusetts, metropolitan area in four study periods between 1986 and 1991. During the years under study, 24.4% of men and 14.4% of women received thrombolytic therapy. Increases over time in the use of thrombolytic therapy were seen in both men (13.9% in 1986; 31.6% in 1991) and women (3.2% in 1986; and 19.0% in 1991). After controlling for a variety of factors that might affect use of thrombolytic agents, younger age, absence of a history of either congestive heart failure or stroke, and experiencing a Q-wave AMI were associated with receipt of thrombolytic therapy in both men and women; having an anterior AMI also was associated with use of thrombolytic agents in men. Women without as compared with those with a history of angina pectoris were significantly more likely to receive thrombolytics. Men who had Medicare insurance were significantly less likely to receive thrombolytics than were men with other types of health insurance. When this analysis was restricted to patients who were seen in area-wide hospitals within 6 hours of the onset of symptoms suggestive of AMI, similar factors were associated with the receipt of thrombolytic agents in men and women. The results of this community-wide study suggest a marked increase over the 5-year study period in the use of thrombolytic therapy in both men and women, with a greater relative increase observed in women. A relatively similar profile of patients likely to receive thrombolytic therapy was seen in both men and women.
 ...
PMID:Gender differences and factors associated with the receipt of thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a community-wide perspective. 855 18

We examined the association between self-rated risk of stroke or myocardial infarction and actual morbidity and mortality by gender among participants of the Pawtucket Heart Health Program Health Survey in a nested case-control study. We defined cases (N = 191) as survey participants who later had a cardiac event registered in the Pawtucket Heart Health Program cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality surveillance system. We matched controls (N = 573) on age, sex, date of survey, and city of residence. Women reporting a high perceived risk of stroke or myocardial infarction were four times as likely as women who indicated low perceived risk to have a future cardiovascular event [adjusted odds ratio = 4.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.5-10.3]. Men who perceived their risk as average were twice as likely as those who rated their risk as low to have a future myocardial infarction or stroke (adjusted odds ratio = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.0-3.6), whereas those who perceived their risk as high were at only slightly higher risk of morbid or mortal events (adjusted odds ratio = 1.8; 95% CI = 0.9-3.9).
 ...
PMID:The association between perceived risk and actual cardiovascular disease. 858 93

The results of recent studies suggest that a relative hypogonadism in men is associated with several established risk factors for prevalent diseases. Therefore, we determined total and free testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in a cohort of randomly selected men (n = 659) at 67 years of age. These data were analyzed cross-sectionally in relation to blood glucose and serum insulin, which were measured while fasting and after an oral glucose tolerance test, in addition to plasma lipids and blood pressure. The data were also analyzed in relation to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes, which were discovered at examination or earlier diagnosis. Risk factors for the development of diabetes up to 80 years of age were analyzed with univariate and multivariate statistics. Total and free testosterone and SHBG concentrations correlated negatively with glucose and insulin values; total testosterone and SHBG, with triglycerides; and SHBG, with blood pressure (from P < 0.05 to P < 0.01). Men with IGT or newly diagnosed diabetes had higher BMI values (26.2 +/- 0.31 and 27.0 +/- 0.59 [mean +/- SE], respectively) and waist circumference (99.0 +/- 1.03 and 100.5 +/- 1.57) than nondiabetic men (BMI, 25.1 +/- 0.14; waist circumference, 95.4 +/- 0.47; P < 0.05), indicating abdominal obesity. Such men and men with previously diagnosed diabetes had, in general, lower total and free testosterone and SHBG levels, while those for LH were not different. In multivariate analyses that included BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, total and free testosterone, and SHBG, the remaining independent predictors for the development of diabetes were low total testosterone (P = 0.015) and, on the borderline, low SHBG (P = 0.053). In relation to nondiabetic men, the risk ratio for mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke increased gradually and significantly from 1.18 to 1.68, from 1.51 to 1.78, and from 1.72 to 2.46 in men with IGT, newly diagnosed diabetes, and previously known diabetes, respectively. It was concluded that low testosterone and SHBG concentrations in elderly men are associated with established risk factors for diabetes and in established diabetes. Moreover, low testosterone levels independently predict the risk of developing diabetes. In different degrees of expression, the diabetic state predicts strongly (and gradually mortality from) myocardial infarction and stroke. It has been suggested that a relative hypogonadism might be a primary event, because other studies have shown that testosterone deficiency is followed by insulin resistance, which is ameliorated by testosterone substitution. The data suggest that the relative hypogonadism involved might be of both central and peripheral origin.
 ...
PMID:The pituitary-gonadal axis and health in elderly men: a study of men born in 1913. 886 67

Men at risk for development of hypertension may show elevated blood pressure at rest and during work on mental stressors. We examined which component of blood pressure, vascular resistance or cardiac output, accounted for raised blood pressures seen in a high-risk, normotensive sample. Parental history of hypertension and resting systolic blood pressures were used to categorize subjects into high (n = 19) and low (n = 14) risk groups. Blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume, and vascular resistance were measured during rest, mental arithmetic, and reaction time. Compared to low risk subjects, the high risk men had significantly higher blood pressures accompanied by higher vascular resistances at rest and during mental stress. The groups had negligible differences in heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output. This pattern of results implicates vascular resistance as the dominant element in altered blood pressure control in these young men at high risk for hypertension.
 ...
PMID:Men at risk for hypertension show elevated vascular resistance at rest and during mental stress. 910 42

Antioxidant flavonols and their major food source, black tea, have been associated with a lower risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke in Dutch men. We investigated whether flavonol intake predicted a lower rate of IHD in 1900 Welsh men aged 45-59 y, who were followed up for 14 y. Flavonol intake, mainly from tea to which milk is customarily added, was not related to IHD incidence [relative risk (RR), highest compared with lowest quartile: 1.0; 95% CI: 0.6, 1.6; P for trend = 0.996; n = 186] but was weakly positively related to IHD mortality (RR: 1.6; 95% CI: 0.9, 2.9; P = 0.119; n = 131) and cancer mortality (RR: 1.3; 95% CI: 0.7, 2.3; P = 0.150; n = 104) and strongly related to total mortality (RR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0, 2.0; P = 0.014; n = 334). Men with the highest consumption of tea (> 1.2 L, or > 8 cups/d) had an RR of 2.4 (95% CI: 1.5, 3.9) of dying in the follow-up period compared with men consuming < 300 mL/d (< 2 cups/d). We conclude that intake of antioxidant flavonols is not inversely associated with IHD risk in the United Kingdom. Possibly, flavonols from tea to which milk is added are not absorbed; experimental evidence suggests that adding milk to tea abolishes the plasma antioxidant-raising capacity of tea. The apparent association between tea consumption and increased mortality in this population merits further investigation.
 ...
PMID:Antioxidant flavonols and ischemic heart disease in a Welsh population of men: the Caerphilly Study. 912 90

The resting ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a non-invasive method to assess the patency of the lower extremity arterial system and to screen for the presence of peripheral occlusive arterial disease. To determine how the ABI is associated with clinical coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, preclinical carotid plaque and far wall intimal-medial thickness (IMT) of the carotid and popliteal arteries, we conducted analyses in 15 106 middle-aged adults from the baseline examination (1987-1989) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. The prevalence of clinical CHD, stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) and preclinical carotid plaque increased with decreasing ABI levels, particularly at those of < 0.90. Individuals with ABI < 0.90 were twice as likely to have prevalent CHD as those with ABI > 0.90 (age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) ranging from 2.2 (95% CI: 1.0-5.1) in African-American men to 3.3 (95% CI: 2.1-5.0) in white men). Men with ABI < 0.90 were more than four times as likely to have stroke/TIA as those with ABI > 0.90 (age-adjusted OR: 4.2 (95% CI: 1.8-9.5) in African-American men and 4.9 (95% CI: 2.6-9.0) in white men). In women the association was weaker and not statistically significant. Among those free of clinical cardiovascular disease, individuals with ABI < or = 0.90 had statistically significantly higher prevalence of preclinical carotid plaque compared to those with ABI > 0.90 (age-adjusted ORs ranging from 1.5 (95% CI: 1.0-1.9) in white women to 2.6 (95% CI: 1.0-6.6) in african-american men). The ABI was also inversely associated with far wall IMT of the carotid arteries (in both men and women) and the popliteal arteries (in men only). The associations of ABI with clinical CHD, stroke, preclinical carotid plaque and IMT of the carotid and popliteal arteries were attenuated and often not statistically significant after further adjustment for LDL cholesterol, cigarette smoking, hypertension and diabetes. These data demonstrate that low ABI levels, particularly those of < 0.90, are indicative of generalized atherosclerosis.
 ...
PMID:Associations of ankle-brachial index with clinical coronary heart disease, stroke and preclinical carotid and popliteal atherosclerosis: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. 918 Feb 52

Stroke data bank can afford important information regarding risk factors, pathogenesis, prognosis, etc. By means of hospital-based stroke registry, we investigated the risk factors and case-fatality rates in different types of stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients at the National Taiwan University Hospital in 1995. After excluding ineligible patients, 995 patients aged 1-98 years (575 men and 420 women) were recruited. Men predominated in all age groups for stroke and TIA in general except for cerebral hemorrhage (CH) in patients aged < 35 years and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in patients aged > or = 45 years. Of these, 676 (67.9%), 41 (4.1%), 228 (22.9%) and 50 (5%) patients were classified in the categories of cerebral infarction (CI), TIA, CH and SAH, respectively. The CI/CH ratio was 2.96. Hypertension remained one of the most important risk factors for CI, CH and TIA patients. Severe extracranial carotid artery stenosis (> or = 50%) was found in 12% of the CI patients and 27% of the TIA patients, but not found in the CH and SAH patients. Of these patients, the 30-day case-fatality rate was 10.9%, highest in SAH (30%), followed by CH (24.1%) and CI (5.6%). There were 41 in-hospital stroke patients who had significantly higher case-fatality rates than the other stroke patients (P<0.001 for all stroke, CI and CH patients by chi2 test). As compared to the previous stroke registries in Taiwan, there is a secular trend of increasing CI/CH ratios. These findings in Taiwan were compared with those in other populations, including other Asian, Caucasian and black populations. The CI/CH ratios in Asian populations, including Chinese, Japanese and Korean, were much lower than those in Caucasian and black populations. Dietary, environmental and genetic factors probably play important roles in these differences.
 ...
PMID:Subtypes and case-fatality rates of stroke: a hospital-based stroke registry in Taiwan (SCAN-IV). 958 61

The mortality from coronary and cerebrovascular diseases is higher in Finnmark County than in other Norwegian counties. In a population-based cohort study, we compared the incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke, and diabetes mellitus in different ethnic groups in Finnmark. A total of 10,622 subjects of Norse, Sami, and Finnish origin were followed for 14 years. During approximately 150,000 person-years, we identified 509 and 84 cases of myocardial infarction, 107 and 75 cases of stroke, and 96 and 73 cases of clinical diabetes mellitus among men and women, respectively. A total of 533 men and 199 women died. Norse subjects born outside of Finnmark had the most favorable risk factor levels and, in general, the lowest incidence of disease. Men of Finnish origin had a higher incidence rate of all endpoints than other men, and Finnish women had a higher incidence rate of myocardial infarction than other women. Sami women were more obese but did not have a higher diabetes mellitus incidence than other women. After adjustment for major cardiovascular risk factors and height, most ethnic differences were attenuated.
 ...
PMID:Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus in different ethnic groups: the Finnmark study. 973 36

Nine patients (group A) were found on magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to have excessive carotid artery, vertebral artery, and vertebrobasilar junction tortuosity. A control group (group B) were age- and sex-matched to group A patients, were selected randomly from our MRA or stroke data banks, and had not undergone MRA for evaluation of migraine, "carotidynia," or pulsatile tinnitus. Factors more prevalent in group A patients included migraine, chronic daily headache, carotidynia, pulsatile tinnitus, and a positive family history of headache. Factors more prevalent in group B patients included a positive family history of stroke, large-vessel atherosclerosis, and scan evidence of ischemic infarctions; many group B patients had undergone MRA for stroke or transient ischemic attack evaluation. Men were slightly underrepresented at 44%, and were younger than women (34 +/- 6 years vs. 43 +/- 3 years; p = 0.01). Relationships in this preliminary study between arterial tortuosity and migraine seem evident.
 ...
PMID:Tortuosity of carotid and vertebral arteries: a magnetic resonance angiographic study. 978 Aug 56


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>