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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cardiac performance in moderate bicycle exercise has been measured in five groups of New Guineans (N = 161). Men and women in both coastal and highland (2000 m) locations were studied, as well as a group of highland men after migration to the coast. The results have all been standardized to an oxygen consumption of 1 1.min(-1). Cardiac output values are similar to those previously quoted for Europeans; a significant positive correlation with body size is found, and resident highlanders appear to have slightly larger cardiac outputs (+4%) and larger stroke volumes (+10%) after adjustment for body size, but this is not because they have larger hearts. The highland migrants at sea-level share none of the 'altitude' characteristics of the highland residents and, after size-adjustment, correspond with the lowlanders. The cardiac frequencies of the lowland women are higher than the other groups (+15 beats.min(-1)) after adjustment for differences in body size. Their values are close to those found previously for moderately active Europeans, while all the other New Guinean subjects have lower cardiac frequencies probably because of their greater habitual activity.
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PMID:Cardiac output during submaximal exercise in New Guineans: the relation with body size and habitat. 25 Jan 13

Patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) due to atherosclerosis were studied by aortocranial arteriography. Onset of TIAs was before age 55 in 24% and between 55 and 64 in 47%. Men exceeded women by two to one. Of 160 patients, 77 were treated medically and 82 surgically. Five died in the immediate postoperative period. In the survivors, mortality has been the same in the medically and surgically managed groups. For patients with multiple lesions, surgical reconstruction of the carotid arteries was associated with very high surgical risk. In the medically treated group, anticoagulant therapy reduced the frequency of TIAs, but did not appear to protect patients from stroke. Mortality was 23% at four years, 57% of deaths being attributable to myocardial infarction and 38% to stroke.
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PMID:Transient ischemic attacks due to atherosclerosis. A prospective study of 160 patients. 111 59

Electrocardiographic patterns of left axis deviation and left anterior hemiblock, defined by a frontal plane QRS axis of minus 30 degrees to minus 44 degrees and minus 45 degrees to minus 90 degrees, respectively, with normal QRS duration, were found to be fairly common (2.6 and 1.5 percent, respectively) in a community population of 8,000 Japanese-American men aged 45 to 69 years. More than 60 percent of men with these electrocardiographic patterns had no other cardiovascular abnormalities, and the incidence of fatal or nonfatal coronary heart disease and stroke in this group during observation periods of 3 to 6 years was not significantly different from that of control normal men. A significant association was found between these electrocardiographic patterns and the prevalence of hypertension, myocardial infarction and stroke. However, the association of myocardial infarction with left anterior hemiblock appeared to be coincidental and was attributed largely to the similarity of the electrocardiographic manifestations of left anterior hemiblock and inferior wall myocardial infarction. Men with left axis deviation were fatter and had higher blood pressure than the control population. No such difference could be demonstrated for men with left anterior hemiblock although this group was significantly older than control subjects and men with left axis deviation. The results of our study suggest that there are qualitative differences between the causative mechanisms and clinical features of left axis deviation and those of left anterior hemiblock.
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PMID:Left axis deviation and left anterior hemiblock among 8,000 Japanese-American men. 113 Feb 90

Swim records data from the U.S. Masters swim program afforded a chance to estimate the decline in swim performance over middle life. Men's records data indicated a falloff in swim performance of slightly less than one percent per year over the ages of 27.5 to 57.5 years. Men's decline in freestyle performance was seen to be essentially the same, regardless of varying oxygen requirements secondary to the distance swum. Men's decline in swim performance for the breaststroke and backstroke events was nearly that of the freestyle. Falloff in men's performance in the butterfly stroke rose to 1.47 percent per year. Women's times showed a decline between 20 to 50 percent greater than that seen for the men. Previous findings of athletes' decrease in pulmonary function over middle age closely parallel the observed decrease in Masters swimmers' records--approximately one percent per year.
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PMID:Swim performance decrement over middle life. 114 53

One-hundred-and-sixty male and 123 female subjects with asymptomatic primary hyperlipidaemia (HLP) selected from a health control centre have been studied with a heart rate (HR) controlled exercise test. Ther serum cholesterol and/or TG at screening were above 350 mg/100 ml and 3.5 mmol/l, respectively. As a reference group 49 male and 60 female age-matched subjects from the same centre with serum cholesterol below 300 mg/100 ml and TG below 2.00 mmol/l were investigated using the same technique. Quantitative lipoprotein (LP) analyses and typing were performed on all HLP and control subjects. The subjects were divided into two age groups, 36-50 and above 50 years of age. Men with all types of HLP had lower working capacity, expressed in W170 or W150, than controls, most pronounced in the younger age group. Younger women with type II A had lower working capacity than their controls. After correction for variation in body weight and age there remained a significantly lower W150, in male types II A (11%) and IV (21%) and female type II A (11%). There was no difference in systolic BP during exercise between controls and HLP. The total exercise time and final HR did not differ in control and HLP subjects. Dynamic spirometry was performed im 102 of the male subjects and a significantly lower vital capacity was found in HLP subjects compared with controls after correction for variation in age, weight and height. No differences were found in the maximal flow values. The observed differences in working capacity between controls and HLP subjects are explained by a difference in stroke volume. The lower stroke volumes in male types II A and IV and female type II A could be explained by a lower degree of physical fitness, by a common genetic factor resulting in HLP and decreased stroke volume or by a less effective myocardial function in HLP subjects.
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PMID:Studies in asymptomatic primary hyperlipidaemia, III. Physical working capacity. 115 24

OBJECTIVE--To investigate the relationship between asymptomatic hyperglycemia (IGT or newly diagnosed NIDDM) and atherosclerotic vascular disease. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--A representative cross-sectional population sample of 1431 subjects (511 men, 920 women; 65-74 yr old). Altogether, 312 men and 515 women had NGT, 84 men and 158 women had IGT, 33 men and 59 women had newly diagnosed NIDDM, and 82 men and 188 women had previously diagnosed NIDDM. Participation rate was 71%. Main outcome measures were prevalence rates of CHD, stroke, and intermittent claudication. RESULTS--There was no difference in the prevalence of definite or possible MI verified at hospital between subjects with asymptomatic hyperglycemia and NGT (15.5 vs. 13.3% in men, 6.3 vs. 5.3% in women). Men with asymptomatic hyperglycemia had 1.5 x higher prevalence of angina pectoris (29.4 vs. 19.3%, P less than 0.05), major Q-QS changes (21.1 vs. 12.0%, P less than 0.05), ischemic ECG changes (59 vs. 45%, P less than 0.05), and silent MI on ECG (14.8 vs. 7.9%, P less than 0.05) compared to men with NGT. Women with asymptomatic hyperglycemia had more often ischemic ECG changes compared to women with NGT (48.3 vs. 39.7%, P less than 0.05). There was no difference (NS) in the prevalence of verified stroke (3.5 vs. 4.6% in men, 2.7 vs. 2.5% in women) or claudication (7.0 vs. 7.7% in men, 4.6 vs. 4.3% in women) between subjects with asymptomatic hyperglycemia and NGT. In multiple logistic regression analyses, the association between risk factors and MI or ischemic ECG changes in subjects with asymptomatic hyperglycemia was not consistent. CONCLUSION--Elderly subjects with asymptomatic hyperglycemia (particularly men) tended to have an increased prevalence of CHD. Thus, asymptomatic hyperglycemia in the elderly is not a benign phenomenon but is associated with cardiovascular morbidity.
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PMID:Asymptomatic hyperglycemia and atherosclerotic vascular disease in the elderly. 150 3

We present here the results of the Sino-MONICA-Beijing stroke study based on 700,000 Beijing residents in 1984-1986. To compare incidence rates for stroke with other communities and countries, we adopted the criteria of the WHO Collaborative Study of 17 centers which used the same definition and methodology as was used in this study. Over the 3-year period of the study, 2,593 stroke events were registered in the 25- to 74-year age-group. The incidence rate for all strokes was 189.5/100,000 and the incidence rate for first strokes was 133.6/100,000. Men had a significantly higher incidence rate than women (all strokes 219.7/100,000 for male vs. 160.5/100,000 for female, OR = 1.32, 99% limits 1.19-1.46; first strokes 151.6/100,000 for male vs. 116.4/100,000 for female, OR = 1.25, 99% limits 1.11-1.42). In comparison with other studies, age-adjusted incidence rate of stroke in Beijing was higher than in other countries, especially for hemorrhagic stroke. The proportion of hemorrhagic stroke related to other types of stroke was also higher in Beijing. Further analysis of the cases confirmed by computerized tomography also supported this finding. Unlike the incidence rates, the 4-week case fatality rate for women, 39.5%, was higher than for men, 32.8%. This finding was confirmed by a multiple logistic analysis controlling for age (p less than 0.001) and for previous stroke (p less than 0.001). The adjusted sex difference is also significant (OR = 1.37, p less than 0.001). In addition, results showed that men had a higher hospitalization rate than women. More women than men were treated at home, possibly indicating better medical care for men.
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PMID:Stroke in China (Sino-MONICA-Beijing study) 1984-1986. 160 90

This study was done on acute myocardial infarction (AMI), coronary sudden death(CSD) and stroke in 424,318 population in Hai Men county and Nanjing city by registration according to WHO "Monica Project" from 1983 to 1987. The results showed that the age-adjusted average annual incidence of coronary events and stroke were 18.6/100,000 and 103.1/100,000, respectively, in a resident population aged 25-74 for 135,429 year-persons in Nanjing. They were significantly higher than 8.4/100,000 and 61.6/100,000 in a group of peasants for 1,040,127 year-persons in Hai Men county of Jiangsu province (u = 2.1, 4.38, P less than 0.05). The age-adjusted average annual mortality of AMI was also higher in Nanjing (4.7 vs. 0.3/100,000; u = 4.6, P less than 0.01) than in Hai Men. Following the effectiveness of hypertensive community control in the monitored population in Nanjing from 1985 to 1987, the mortality of AMI, CSD and stroke decreased significantly and the annual incidence of stroke was also tended to lower. Both the annual incidence of coronary and stroke events and the fatality of stroke at acute stage were still unchanged from 1983 to 1987 owing to the hypertensive community control being delayed in rural population in Hai Men.
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PMID:[Comparative analysis of the trends of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in rural and urban monitored population of Jiangsu province]. 181 94

To determine the risk and time to cerebrovascular complications with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, we studied 119 patients (66 men and 53 women) with evidence of this disease based on strict echocardiographic criteria and followed them up for a mean +/- SEM of 6.5 +/- 0.6 years. Cerebral ischemic events occurred in 26 patients (22%), and in five patients stroke was the initial presenting event. Men had cardiac symptoms at a younger age than women, but there was no significant difference in age at the time of stroke. Cardioembolic cerebrovascular events were associated with atrial fibrillation and left atrial enlargement, whereas atheroembolic events were associated with hypertension. An increased risk of stroke was associated with female sex, mitral anulus calcification, hypertension, and atrioventricular conduction delay. Unlike most previous series, this study shows that patients with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis may present with stroke.
Stroke 1991 Sep
PMID:Ischemic cerebrovascular complications and risk factors in idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. 156 98

The association between serum Lp(a) concentration, a risk factor for atherothrombotic disease, and other cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, alcohol intake, hypertension, obesity, and indices of glycemic control is examined in a cohort of 313 elderly Chinese subjects (M = 160, mean age +/- SD = 68 +/- 11 year; F = 153, mean age +/- SD = 73 +/- 11). Although associations existed for the above risk factors and other serum lipid levels, there was no association with serum Lp(a) concentration in the overall population. Men with Lp(a) greater than or equal to 30 mg/dl had a higher mean age and blood pressure. A higher percentage of subjects with Lp(a) greater than or equal to 30 mg/dl had a family history of stroke, although the total number of those with a family history was too small to reach statistical significance. The lack of association with known modifiable cardiovascular risk factors is compatible with the conclusion that Lp(a) concentration is primarily under genetic control and therefore unlikely to be a modifiable risk factor.
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PMID:Association of serum lipoprotein(a) concentration with other cardiovascular risk factors in a Chinese population. 183 21


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