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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of fatal heat stroke, concerning a 20 year-old soldier and a 44 year-old psychiatric patient, treated with neuroleptics, are reported. The clinical picture, starting suddenly with coma and hyperthermia, was quite identical for both. Secondarily, while hyperthermia decreases and the conscience improved partially, an hemorrhagic syndrome similar to a consumption coagulopathy, acute renal insufficiency and acute hepatic failure appear. Death occurred after aggravated neurological disorders and respiratory distress. The anatomical lesions spread on all the viscera include tubular nephritis, and hepatic centro-lobular necrosis and an interstitial and alveolar oedema with hemorrhages and hyaline membranes in the lungs.
Sem Hop 1978 Jun
PMID:[Heat stroke and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Apropos of 2 cases]. 21 8

Thirteen patients with left ventricular failure complicating acute myocardial infarction were treated with intravenous nitroglycerin. The hemodynamic criterium for admission to this study was a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure greater than 15 mm Hg. All patients received intravenous nitroglycerin at infusion rates sufficient to lower pulmonary capillary wedge pressure by an average of 15 mm Hg, corresponding to the optimal left ventricular filling pressure in acute myocardial infarction. During this study, heart rate did not vary significantly; pulmonary capillary wedge pressure decreased from 24 +/- 0,7 to 15 +/- 0,8 mm Hg (p less than 0,001), mean arterial pressure from 95 +/- 5 to 80 +/- 4 mm Hg (p less than 0,005), mean right atrium pressure from 8,7 +/- 1 to 4,6 +/- 0,8 mm Hg (p less than 0,001), systemic vascular resistance index from 36,4 +/- 2 to 29,6 +/- 2 mm Hg/mm-1/l/m2 (p less than 0,005). Cardiac index increased from 2,5 +/- 0,2 to 2,7 +/- 0,1 l/mn/m2 (p less than 0,025) and stroke work index did not vary significantly. These data indicate that nitroglycerin provides a significant improvement of cardiac performance, more through reduction of preload than through reduction of afterload, the later being however significant. This study points out that intravenous nitroglycerin is a most efficient drug in patients with left ventricular failure complicating acute myocardial infarction.
Sem Hop
PMID:[Intravenous nitroglycerin as vasodilator therapy in acute myocardial infarction (author's transl)]. 21 81

Erythrocyte filterability has been studied in 80 patients (44 men and 36 women) with recent stroke (mean age of patients was 68). 200 adults were studied as reference. The filtration time is significantly higher in patients than in normal subjects (p less than 0,001). High individual variations are found in patients, in relation with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors. In conclusion, the role of erythrocyte deformability in cerebrovascular disease is discussed.
Sem Hop
PMID:[Decrease of the erythrocyte filterability and cerebrovascular accidents. Study in eighty patients (author's transl)]. 22 2

140 patients have been investigated by means of computerized tomography (CT) after contrast injection and radionuclide scan (RN scan). For patients with stroke (56 cases), RN uptake was more frequent (80%) at the 15th day of evolution, enhancement of hypodense images at CT reaches 100% at the 21st day. For the others pathologies (hematoma, tumors), the main difference between both examinations, was the volume of the lesions detected. RN uptake and CT enhancement both show the same blood brain barrier disturbance.
Sem Hop
PMID:[Comparative results of 99mTc scintigraphy and computerized tomography after contrast injection in cerebral pathology (author's transl)]. 23 8

The authors report 31 cases of "vascular epilepsy" among 280 cerebral strokes confirmed by cranial computerized tomography. A high incidence of ischemia (28 cases : 90%) is noted. Epileptic seizures are initial (14 cases) or sequellar (17 cases) manifestations of cerebral stroke. Partial seizures are the most frequent (58%), particularly "Jacksonian" motor fits, which, when initial, often lead to status epilepticus. Frequency and bad prognosis of initial status epilepticus are pointed out.
Sem Hop
PMID:[Vascular epilepsy: clinical, electroencephalographic, and computerized tomographic aspects (author's transl)]. 626 3

Practitioners should be familiar with the description of transient ischemic attacks (TIA) as 40% are followed more or less rapidly by a stroke. Analysis of the natural history of TIA shows that patients die twice as often from cardiac manifestations of atheroma than from cerebral lesions. This demonstrates the significance of diagnosis and treatment of risk factors. Patients are at increased risk of stroke during the six to twelve months following TIA. Anticoagulants and inhibitors of platelet aggregation seem to reduce this risk. Carotid surgery is indicated only for localized vascular lesions; in other cases surgery increases morbidity. Doppler examination is the best means of detecting cases which need emergency surgical treatment.
Sem Hop 1982 Mar 18
PMID:[Management of transient ischemic cerebral attacks (author's transl)]. 627 8

Among forty-six patients with neurosyphilis, seen over a ten-year period, six had features highly suggestive of syphilitic cerebral vascularitis. The carotid distribution was involved in five patients and the posterior cerebral artery in one. As exemplified by these six observations, syphilitic arteritis should be considered when an ischemic stroke occurs with no apparent etiology. The fluorescent treponemal antibody adsorbed test (FTA-ABS) in the cerebrospinal fluid is the most reliable and the most specific laboratory test for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis.
Sem Hop 1982 May 06
PMID:[Neurosyphilitic arteritis. Clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic data. A review of six cases (author's transl)]. 628 87

Twenty adults with a mean age of 49 were operated on between 1972 and 1980 for eventration of the diaphragm. The etiology was probably traumatic in 11 cases; it was congenital in 2 and degenerative in 7. The functional signs were usually respiratory (55%) or digestive (10%). In all cases, the diagnosis was based on standard fluoroscopy showing superelevation of the hemidiaphragm, which was visualized fluoroscopically as immobile while a pneumoperitoneum showed a absense of any tear. Spirography confirmed a restrictive deficit which was sited broncho-spirometrically on the eventration side. Surgical repair was achieved in most cases by thoracotomy (19 cases) and consisted in plication (17 cases) or incision followed by suturing of the overlapping edges of the muscle (3 cases). Postoperative complications included the death of the patient with multiple trauma, on the eight postoperative day, as a result of the cerebrovascular accident, and in another case rutpure of the repair on the second day, requiring a second operation. Apart from one patient who died as a result of a fatal accident two years postoperatively, all the surgically treated cases are alive, and, with one exception, symptom free. After an average follow up period of 2 years and 2 months, the control respiratory function tests show a 21% improvement in vital capacity and a 20% increase in FEV1. On the basis of these results, the authors conclude that this functional surgery is justified in the case of patients presenting with typical clinical symptoms, and worth considering in cases where respiratory function tests show a restrictive deficit, but also in patients who do not complain of breathlessness.
Sem Hop 1982 Oct 07
PMID:[Diaphragmatic eventration in adults. Apropos of 20 cases]. 629 38

Blood hyperviscosity is usually observed in ischemic stroke. Our purpose was to study relations between viscosity and the different parameters of blood that influence viscosity, and to search abnormalities of circadian rhythms. 18 stroke patients (8 females and 10 males mean 65.4 years) and 12 normal subjects (4 females and 8 males, mean 68 years) were studied. The measures were realised within the 48 hours after stroke at 6 p.m. and 12 p.m. and the fourth day at 6 p.m. and 12 p.m., by means of a Taylor-Couette type rheometer. Stroke patients have a significant increase of their blood viscosity, but without elevation of blood hematocrit or fibrinogen within 48 hours. Stroke patients have no nocturnal decrease of viscosity, and they don't present the normal circadian periodicity. Perhaps would this phenomenon explain the diurnal variations in occurrence of strokes?
Sem Hop 1982 Dec 16
PMID:[Blood biorheology and ischemic cerebrovascular accidents]. 629 72

A 19-year old woman with a migraine who had been taking oral contraceptives (OCs) had transient right hemiparesis due to a minor lesion in the left hemisphere, probably hemorrhagic rather than ischemic. On the left side, angiography showed nearly complete obstruction of the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery, extending to the initial portion of its terminal branches with an outlined "Moya-Moya" network. On the right side, moderate annular stenosis of the cervical portion of the internal carotid was visible. On subsequent angiographies, done 7 and 19 months later, blood flow was reestablished in the left internal carotid artery as well as in its terminal branches, but with persistent segmental stenosis. Since the stroke, the symptomatology of migrainous attacks has been altered, pointing to a left hemispheric spreading. (author's modified)
Sem Hop 1983 May 05
PMID:[Occlusive arteriopathy of the circle of Willis with outlined "Moya-Moya" network in a woman with migraine under oral contraception. Regressive course]. 630 23


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