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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the present work was to study the activity of a new antihypertensive drug, a synthetic furopyridine, cicletanine, upon hypertensive morphological lesions of the retina. The stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat strain (SHR-SP), known to develop hypertensive retinopathy, was a particularly suitable material in this view. The experiment was carried out in 39 rats (SHR-SP/A3N Iffa Credo), initially at the age of 11 weeks, divided into 3 groups: one as control group, the other two treated orally with 100 and 150 mg/kg cicletanine, respectively. All rats had free access to tap water containing 1% NaCl. For 46 days, blood pressure, body weight and death rate were recorded, then the rats were sacrificed. The eyes were removed, the posterior pole collected and fixed with Trump's liquid for transmission electron microscopy. In the control group, the capillaries showed marked hypertensive lesions. Multivesicular bodies were found in the different layers, particularly in the innermost layers; photoreceptor impairments could also be observed. In contrast to this group, both cicletanine-treated groups showed only rare and minimal lesions.
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PMID:Cicletanine and hypertensive retinopathy. 209 Sep 85

We designed this study to establish the structural and functional characteristics of the hypertrophied left ventricle of middle-aged rats during mineralocorticoid-salt hypertension. Treatment was initiated at 12 months of age, and the rats were studied at either 13 or 15 months of age (after 1 or 3 months of treatment). All rats were unilaterally nephrectomized. One group received deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) injections (30 mg/kg s.c.) biweekly and 1% NaCl drinking water (DOCA salt), and the other group was injected with the vehicle (sesame seed oil) and given tap water to drink (sham). During the first 4 weeks of DOCA-salt treatment, arterial pressure reached its peak and left ventricular enlargement was mainly due to increases of 47% in cardiocyte cross-sectional area in the middle layer of the left ventricular wall. The last 2 months were characterized by an accelerated endomyocardial growth. Because absolute left ventricular mass did not increase during the last 2 months of treatment, we conclude that cellular hypertrophy was accompanied by a focal loss of cardiocytes. Myocardial hydroxyproline concentration was initially elevated by 37% but normalized by the third month of treatment. Intracellularly, myofibril volume percent was not changed, but mitochondria volume percent declined (13% in the midmyocardium and 15% in the endomyocardium) and sarcoplasmic volume density increased by 25% and 39%, respectively, in these regions. Left ventricular hypertrophy was associated with enhanced peak cardiac and stroke indexes, measured during increased preload, after both 1 and 3 months of DOCA-salt treatment. Acceleration of flow, however, was depressed in the rats with left ventricular hypertrophy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Left ventricular structure and performance in middle-aged rats with deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertension. 213 30

In a patient with right temporal lobe and additional right basal ganglia damage following a stroke, recognition and reproduction of simple rhythmical Gestalten were examined and found grossly undisturbed. In contrast to this undisturbed perception and production of rhythm, the patient could not tap or move rhythmically in beat with an auditory pacer such as a metronome or marching band music, yet he could do so to rhythmically presented light or touch stimuli. Thus, the impairment seems to be a previously undescribed, modality specific disturbance of auditorily paced predictive motor behaviour affecting, for example, walking, dancing, singing and speech.
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PMID:Disturbance of rhythm sense following right hemisphere damage. 228 Aug 38

Stroke-Prone spontaneously hypertensive rat strain (SHR-SP) always develops hypertensive retinopathy. The aim of the present work was to study the activity of a new antihypertensive drug, a synthetic furopyridine: cicletanine, in retinal hypertensive morphological lesions. The experiment was performed in 39 rats SHR-SP/A3N Iffa Credo, 11 weeks old, divided into 3 groups: group 1 was the control group, groups 2 and 3 were orally treated with cicletanine (respectively 100 and 150 mg/kg). All the rats had free access to tap water containing 1 p. 100 NaCl. During 6 weeks, blood pressure, body weight and survival were recorded, then all the rats were sacrificed. The eyes were removed, the posterior pole collected and fixed with Trump liquid for transmission election microscopy. In the SHR-SP control group, each layer showed neural body and/or process lesions: in the ganglion cell layer, some ganglion cells realized cytoid bodies corresponding to a lysed cell with nucleus degeneration, most of the axons were destroyed. In the inner and outer plexiform layers, most of the contacts between processes were lost because of fibrinous deposits. Numerous synapses were destroyed in the outer plexiform layer. These findings might explain the numerous dense bodies in the inner rod segment and the vesiculation of the rod outer segment. The capillaries showed markedly hypertensive lesions. Whereas, in both treated groups, rare and animal lesions were observed. The fact that these lesions were so few and so unimportant after 6 weeks of treatment, as well as for the photoreceptors which remained unimpaired, is closely related to cicletanine therapy, since it was so even though the treatment had been started with an already high blood pressure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Malignant hypertensive retinopathy in spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats. Effect of treatment with cicletanine]. 251 Jun 62

The antihypertensive effect of bopindolol, a long-acting beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent, was investigated in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). One group received tap water during the period of 8 to 32 weeks of age. The average dose of bopindolol administered was calculated from water intake to be approximately 1.4 mg/kg/day. The lowering effect in blood pressure of bopindolol was apparent at the age of 14 weeks, and this continued up to the end of the experiment. Bopindolol significantly reduced the heart rate. Plasma levels of urea nitrogen (BUN), triglyceride, and phospholipid of SHRSP treated with bopindolol were lower than those of the control SHRSP. One of the 8 control SHRSP died, and no rats treated with bopindolol died during the experiment. The histopathological study revealed that three of the control SHRSP had cerebral apoplexy, whereas there was no evidence of cerebral apoplexy in the treated SHRSP. Chronic treatment of bopindolol clearly alleviated myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophic changes in the left ventricular wall of the heart. Decreases in the incidence of proliferative arteritis and malignant nephrosclerosis in the kidney and necrotizing arteritis of the mesenteric arteries were observed in SHRSP treated with bopindolol. The data presented indicate that bopindolol is a powerful antihypertensive agent.
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PMID:[Antihypertensive effect of bopindolol on stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP)]. 256 61

The effects of 6-(10-hydroxydecyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (idebenone) on neurological deficits following cerebrovascular lesions were examined in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). The SHRSP were maintained on a 1% NaCl solution as drinking water to shorten the onset time of cerebrovascular lesions (stroke). After the onset of stroke, the salt solution was exchanged for tap water, and idebenone (30 and 100 mg/kg) was administered orally once daily for 3 weeks. The neurological deficits were evaluated by a specially designed scoring system or by an open-field test. Idebenone decreased the severity of the neurological deficits in a dose-dependent manner and this was statistically significant in the high-dose group. The severity of neurological changes was inversely related to the motor activity in the open-field test performed when the experiment was terminated, indicating the appropriateness of the scoring system. Moreover, the compound (100 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated a decrease in food intake (anorexia) that followed the onset of stroke. These results suggest that idebenone may be useful to treat patients with cerebrovascular lesions.
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PMID:Effects of idebenone on neurological deficits following cerebrovascular lesions in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. 276 38

The relationship between hypertension and cardiovascular damage was assessed in three groups of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR): 1. stroke prone SHR (SHR-SP) treated orally with an angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril) (100-400 mg/L in the drinking water) from 6 to 35 weeks of age, 2. SHR-SP maintained on tap water until 30 weeks of age, 3. stroke resistant SHR (SHR-SR) maintained on tap water. The controls were Wister Kyoto rats (WKY) maintained on tap water. Captopril-treated SHR-SP showed blood pressure lower than that of untreated SHR-SP, similar to SHR-SR. The ratio of heart weight to body weight was 0.55% in SHR-SP, 0.39% in captopril-treated SHR-SP, 0.46% in SHR-SR, and 0.39% in WKY. The kidneys of SHR-SP showed glomerular sclerosis, glomerular fibrosis, tubular casts, interstitial cell infiltration and vascular wall thickening or hyperplasia of the small arteries and arterioles. The severe glomerular sclerosis was mostly distributed in the inner and middle portions of cortex. Immunohistological study showed IgG, C3 and fibrinogen in the glomeruli and arterioles in SHR-SP. In captopril-treated SHR-SP, similar to SHR-SR, only minor histological changes were seen and there was no deposition of IgG, C3 or fibrinogen. No changes were seen in WKY. Thus, it was concluded that nephrosclerosis and cardiac hypertrophy in SHR-SP are prevented by captopril. The role of the renin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kinin systems in organ pathogenesis in SHR-SP is discussed.
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PMID:Prevention of nephrosclerosis and cardiac hypertrophy by captopril treatment of spontaneously hypertensive rats. 294

The effects of task complexity on movement ipsilateral to lesion were examined using the Fitts tapping task [Fitts, P.M., J. exp. Psychol. 47, 381-391, 1954]. Subjects were required to rapidly tap two targets, which were 1 or 4 cm wide. Twenty controls and ten left hemisphere and nine right hemisphere stroke patients were studied. Only the left hemisphere group showed significant deficits with greater impairment found in the wide target condition. Quantified CT scan analyses indicated lesion volume was similar between CVA groups, but the left hemisphere group's lesions were more anterior. The results are discussed in terms of inter- and intrahemispheric roles in open and closed loop movements.
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PMID:The effects of task complexity on motor performance in left and right CVA patients. 343 74

This study investigated vascular responsiveness in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) and the effect of antihypertensive treatment on this responsiveness. Weanling (4-week-old) male and female SHRSP and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) received either the antihypertensive combination treatment of hydralazine plus hydrochlorothiazide in drinking water or tap water alone (controls) for 15 weeks. Whereas the antihypertensive combination prevented the development of hypertension in treated SHRSP (SHRSP-T), blood pressure remained unchanged in treated WKY (WKY-T). Femoral arterial smooth muscle responsiveness to KCl, norepinephrine, and calcium (in the presence of either 40 mM KCl or 1 microM norepinephrine) was not altered in SHRSP when compared with WKY. A significant increase in the sensitivity of femoral arteries to KCl and calcium (in the presence of 40 mM KCl) was seen, however, in SHRSP-T and WKY-T. An increased sensitivity to norepinephrine and calcium (in the presence of 1 microM norepinephrine) was seen only in SHRSP-T. Isoproterenol-induced relaxation was significantly attenuated in both SHRSP and SHRSP-T. Relaxation induced by sodium nitroprusside and calcium (membrane stabilization) was not different between the four groups. These results show that femoral arterial smooth muscle responsiveness to vasoconstrictor stimuli is not altered in SHRSP but that beta-adrenergic-mediated relaxation is attenuated. Antihypertensive treatment resulted in an enhanced responsiveness to these vasoconstrictor stimuli but had no effect on the relaxation properties of femoral arterial smooth muscle.
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PMID:Vascular reactivity in the spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rat. Effect of antihypertensive treatment. 357 Apr 24

To determine whether chronic antihypertensive therapy reduces cardiac mass and improves performance in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with marked left ventricular hypertrophy and evidence of cardiac dysfunction, 12-mo-old male and female SHR and age- and sex-matched normotensive rats (NORM) were treated for 6 mo with either tap water or tap water containing hydralazine or guanethidine. Cardiac performance was assessed by the peak stroke volume and cardiac indices attained during volume loading and by the maximum left ventricular pressure developed during an aortic occlusion. Passive diastolic pressure-volume curves were obtained in the potassium-arrested heart. Treatment prevented the progression of left ventricular hypertrophy in SHR and the marked deterioration in peak pumping ability observed in untreated male SHR and the modest impairment observed in female SHR. The peak developed pressure of both the male and female treated SHR was reduced toward that of NORM and was associated with a reduction in the left ventricular mass-to-volume ratio toward that of NORM. Thus chronic therapy with either hydralazine or guanethidine reduced cardiac mass and prevented the deterioration in cardiac pumping performance observed in SHR with sustained hypertension and marked cardiac hypertrophy.
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PMID:Favorable effects of therapy on cardiac performance in spontaneously hypertensive rats. 708 48


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