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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Quanticalc (QC) dental scaler permits a quantitative assessment of the work used by professionals in calculus removal through the measurement of force dynamics and scaling strokes applied in calculus debridement. The purpose of this study was to use the QC to compare the clinical effects of two 5% pyrophosphate dentifrices on dental calculus in subjects following six-months' product use. Three-hundred forty-six subjects participated in a six-month, double-blind tartar control clinical trial involving traditional Volpe-Manhold Index (VMI) evaluations. Following the six-month VMI examinations, the subjects had a QC prophylaxis (scaling force measurements). The three dentifrice treatment groups included a control dentifrice (NaF only, Crest); NaF dentifrice containing 5.0% pyrophosphate (Crest Tartar Control); and NaF dentifrice containing 5.0% pyrophosphate plus 0.28% triclosan (antimicrobial). Subjects were balanced by baseline (pretest) VMI scores at the start of the trial. QC examinations revealed statistically significant reductions in total force and stroke number used by the therapist to scale the six anterior VMI teeth for subjects using the pyrophosphate tartar control dentifrices as compared to control dentifrice. The reduction in scaling effort amounted to almost 3 kg per scaling for subjects. QC results paralleled VMI reductions of calculus on the teeth and demonstrated that the use of 5% pyrophosphate dentifrices, with or without triclosan antimicrobial, results in significant reductions in the total (developed) force and strokes required by therapists in regular calculus debridement at a six-month interval. The clinical benefits of tartar control toothpastes may not only include reductions in cosmetically objectionable supragingival calculus, but in reducing professional effort in calculus debridement during regular prophylaxis.
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PMID:Quanticalc assessment of the clinical scaling benefits provided by pyrophosphate dentifrices with and without triclosan. 923 97

Tartar control dentifrices have been proven effective in reducing the build-up of supragingival calculus deposits between professional tooth cleanings. In addition to providing consumers with a cleaner dentition, these formulations can, in principle, contribute to easier professional tooth cleaning. Until recently, clinical methods for evaluating the effects of tartar control dentifrices were limited to the assessment of area coverage of calculus on the tooth surface. The development of the Quanticalc dental scaler permits the quantitative clinical measurement of force and stroke number associated with supragingival calculus debridement. In this clinical study, two commercial tartar control dentifrices, one containing 5.0% pyrophosphate as the tartar control agent and the other containing a combination of 1.3% pyrophosphate and 1.5% Gantrez copolymer, were compared for efficacy in reducing the development of supragingival calculus between prophylaxes, and in facilitating easier calculus removal in subsequent scaling. Results showed that the two commercial dentifrices were equally effective in reducing calculus extent between prophylaxes. In contrast, the 5.0% pyrophosphate dentifrice was observed to be almost twice as effective on a percentage basis as the lower dosage pyrophosphate dentifrice in facilitating easier calculus removal. The enhanced activity of the 5.0% pyrophosphate dentifrice may be postulated to be due to elevated dosage of tartar control crystallization inhibitor or to potential side effects of copolymer in the other commercial dentifrice. Importantly, these results substantiate that the clinical benefits of tartar control dentifrices are not completely described by actions in reducing calculus build-up as assessed by VMI, and that important clinical benefits and differences in efficacy may be provided by these formulations in facilitating easier dental cleaning of supragingival calculus.
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PMID:The comparative efficacy of two commercial tartar control dentifrices in preventing calculus development and facilitating easier dental cleanings. 923

To study hereditary predisposition to stroke in main ethnic groups of Izhevsk, 210 patients born in ethnically homogenous marriages have been examined and the data on state of health of 1701 relatives over 40 years old have been obtained. A role of hereditary factor in development of stroke was revealed. Also, there were ethnic differences related to a prevalence of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism disorder in patients of the Tartar group comparing to Udmurt and Russians.
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PMID:[Ethnic and genealogical aspects of cerebral stroke in Izhevsk city]. 1644 58

A role of ethnic and social aspects of risk factors for stroke has been studied in 210 patients born in ethnically homogenous marriages. Patients were recruited from the main ethnic groups of Izhevsk, i.e. Russian, Udmurt and Tartar. Between-ethnic differences in the prevalence of social and cultural factors conferring the risk for stroke have been found. In particular, these factors dominated in Udmurt patients.
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PMID:[Ethnic and social aspects of risk factors for cerebral stroke in Izhevsk city]. 1819 37

An epidemiological study of stroke based on a territory's population registry, which is, according to WHO recommendations, a scientific basis of treatment organization and medical-social rehabilitation of stroke patients as well as stroke prevention, has been launched in the Russian Federation in 2009. Duration of the project is 5 years. Main epidemiological indices of stroke (morbidity, mortality and lethality) for 2009-2010 are presented. Morbidity of stroke was 3.52 and 3.27 cases per 1000 population in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Mortality was 1.19 and 0.96 per 1000. Significant differences in morbidity, mortality and lethality between different regions of the country were identified. The maximal morbidity was recorded in Chistopol (Tartar Republic) - 6.14 per 1000 and the minimal one in the Altai krai (1.39 per 1000). The decrease in the number of hemorrhagic stroke (HS) in 2009 was noted. The ratio of ischemic strokes to HS was 5:1 compared to 3.5:1 in the registry of 2001-2003. Neuroimaging methods (computed tomography and magnetic-resonance tomography) were used for differential diagnosis of stroke character in 63.1% of cases in 2009 and in 74.2% in 2010. There was 91.1% of stroke patients who received treatment in a hospital in 2010.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of stroke in the Russian Federation: results of territory's population registry (2009-2010)]. 2373 94