Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A laser diffraction system was used to study the deformation of RBC. This work indicated: 1. There was a decreased tendency accompanied with age increased, especially at pre-elderly period. 2. The deformability of patients with acute ischemic stroke was significantly decreased. This result emphasized that DI value should be considered as a peculiar index for diagnosis and treatment. 3. Abnormal calcium accumulation in RBC may play a crucial role in governing RBC deformability. It provided one of the basis of potential therapy of calcium antagonist. 4. The quantitative relation of deformation and SOD activity of RBC need to be researched.
 ...
PMID:[Experimental study of erythrocyte deformation]. 147 41

Non-activated platelet cytoplasmic ionized calcium was measured in Aequorin-loaded Gel-filtered platelets in 43 patients with acute ischemic stroke and 32 healthy controls. Platelet cytoplasmic ionized calcium is 2,596 +/- 0,674 mumol/L in controls, 3,370 +/- 1,339 mumol/L in the patients with acute ischemic stroke. Platelet cytoplasmic ionized calcium is increased in the stroke patients as compared to controls (P < 0.01). This indicates that there may be a lower threshold in platelet of stroke patient for activation. Moreover, increased platelet cytoplasmic ionized calcium may be a risk factor for thrombus propagation and aggravation of clinical manifestation.
 ...
PMID:[Non-activated platelet cytoplasmic ionized calcium in patients with acute ischemic stroke and healthy controls]. 147 43

Recruits frequently develop hypocalcemia in exertional heat stroke (ExHS) with rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure (ARF) from intensive training. It usually indicated severe skeletal muscle damage. However, the relative risk of ARF in ExHS patients complicated with hypocalcemia was unknown. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the value of peak serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level in predicting ARF in ExHS patients with hypocalcemia. Sixty-eight army recruits with ExHS were hospitalized at the Tri-Service General Hospital, Taiwan: 17 with ARF and hypocalcemia (group A); 7 with ARF but without hypocalcemia (group B); 20 without ARF but with hypocalcemia (group C); and 24 without ARF or hypocalcemia (group D). In the 24 patients with ARF (groups A and B) the serum phosphate and peak CPK levels were significantly higher than in patients without ARF (groups C and D; p < 0.001), serum calcium levels were also significantly lower in the former (p < 0.001). In the 37 patients with hypocalcemia (groups A and C), the peak serum CPK levels were significantly higher than in those without hypocalcemia (groups B and D; p < 0.001). There was a higher proportion of hypocalcemic patients with peak serum CPK levels greater than 10,000 U/l among ARF compared with patients without ARF (chi 2 = 12.48, p < 0.001). In 24 patients with ARF, there was a negative correlation between serum Ca and peak CPK levels (t = 3.37, r = -0.58, p < 0.01). However, a positive correlation was found between serum creatinine and peak serum CPK levels in 37 patients with hypocalcemia (t = 2.47, r = 0.39, p < 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Role of creatine phosphokinase in predicting acute renal failure in hypocalcemic exertional heat stroke. 148 73

The purpose of the study was to interpret the acute improvement in left ventricular (LV) filling induced by a new calcium channel blocker (SR 33 557) using Doppler echocardiography. Thirteen patients, 29 to 68 years old (mean 52) with mild to moderate hypertension were examined by Doppler echocardiography before and 4 hours after treatment (SR 33 557: 300 mg). The LV filling parameters, E, A, A/E, VTIM, VTIA, VTIA/VTIM, pressure half time (PHT) and isovolumic relaxation time (IRT) were measured. An index of left atrial pressure was obtained by measuring the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). The following hemodynamic parameters were also obtained: systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), PR interval (PR), stroke volume (SV) at aortic origin, total systemic resistances (TSR), pulse wave velocity (PWV) at thoracic descending aorta, LV end systolic stress (ESS), LV geometry (thickness/radius: th/r) and systolic function indices: mean VCF and contractility (mean VCF-ESS relationship). Following acute treatment, E and VTIM increased, A, VTIA and PHT did not change, and A/E, VTIA/VTIM ans IRT decreased, both significantly (p < 0.05). PAP did not change, HR, SBP, TSR, PWV, ESS decreased and PR increased both significantly (p < 0.05). LV geometry and systolic function did not change. No significant relationship was found between LV filling changes and changes in hemodynamic parameters. In conclusion, the acute increase in early LV filling induced by the calcium blocker treatment may be interpreted as the consequence of the improvement in LV relaxation in the absence of any change in left atrial pressure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Apropos of acute changes in left ventricular filling induced by antihypertensive treatment]. 148 37

1. Potential therapies for ischaemic stroke include agents to reduce oedema, to improve cerebral perfusion, to reduce excitotoxic damage, to minimise free-radical induced injury and to reduce complications such as deep venous thrombosis. 2. Of the anti-oedema drugs, steroids are ineffective and possibly dangerous; intravenous glycerol is unproven. 3. Haemodilution to reduce whole blood viscosity and improve perfusion is ineffective. Thrombolytic drugs have not been adequately tested but several randomised multicentre trials are now commencing. Early treatment and CT scanning are essential. 4. Anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs may have wide applicability but have not been tested in the acute phase of stroke. A multi-centre trial will address this issue. 5. Neuronal cytoprotection offers exciting prospects for acute stroke treatment. Antagonists of glutamate at the NMDA receptor, calcium and sodium channel blocking agents and free radical scavenging drugs have potent effects experimentally. Several agents are now reaching clinical trials. The calcium antagonist nimodipine has been disappointing in large scale trials but some studies were flawed by late treatment. 6. Successful treatment of acute stroke is likely to combine several approaches. 7. Therapeutic trials in stroke must include CT scanning, early treatment and a multicentre approach to achieve large numbers of patients.
 ...
PMID:Therapeutic interventions in acute stroke. 149 80

The above study was undertaken in order to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of low dose calcium heparin for postinfarct ischemic heart disease (CIPI). In particular, the incidence was checked of: cardiovascular death, reinfarction, angina pectoris, TIA or RIND, stroke, arterial thromboembolism, venous thromboses, heart failure, complex ventricular arrhythmias, silent myocardial ischemia. Eighty patients with CIPI were divided into two groups similar for age, sex, physical features, cardiovascular risk factors, site of infarction, length of hospitalization, complications during hospitalization, clinical and instrumental findings at discharge, concomitant pathology. Upon discharge, patients were randomized into group 1 for traditional treatment and group 2 which in addition received 12,000 U calcium heparin s.c. every 24 h. After 12 months, during which patients were submitted to periodical laboratory and instrumental (standard and dynamic ECG, echoG) evaluation, group 2 had significantly fewer cardiovascular events than group 1 both as to overall number of events and as to number of events per individual patient. Especially, silent myocardial ischemia and ventricular arrhythmias were less frequent in group 2 patients and these two events, especially if coincident, are known to have severe prognostic implications. The efficacy of low-dose calcium heparin must be attributed to the enhancement of physiological antithrombotic mechanisms with compensation of blood clotting disorders that are fairly frequent in CIPI patients. Long-term s.c. administration was well tolerated.
 ...
PMID:[The efficacy and tolerance of heparin-calcium at low doses in postinfarct ischemic cardiopathy]. 149 66

Ciliary motility was examined optically in tissue cultures from frog palate epithelium and frog's esophagus as a function of extracellular concentration of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and related compounds. The addition of micromolar concentration of ATP caused a strong enhancement of frequency and wave velocity in the direction of the effective stroke. Since adenosine 5'-[beta,gamma imido]-triphosphate (AMP-PNP), a nonhydrolyzable analog of ATP, produces the same effects, ATP hydrolysis is not required. The overall potency is ATP approximately equal to AMP-PNP greater than ADP much greater than adenosine greater than AMP. It is suggested that both the phosphate and the base moieties are involved in ATP binding. The enhancement of ciliary activity by extracellular ATP is dependent on the presence of extracellular Ca2+, which can be replaced by extracellular Mg2+. The effect of a number of potent inhibitors of the voltage-gated calcium channels on the stimulation of ciliary activity by ATP were examined. No effect was detected in the concentration range within which these agents are specific. On the other hand, quinidine, a potent inhibitor of K+ (calcium-dependent) channels, inhibits the effect of ATP. The following model is suggested: exogenous ATP interacts with a membrane receptor in the presence of Ca2+, a cascade of events occurs which mobilizes intracellular calcium, thereby increasing the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration which consequently opens the calcium-activated K+ channels, which then leads to a change in membrane potential. The ciliary response to these changes is the enhancement of ciliary activity.
 ...
PMID:Possible mechanism of ciliary stimulation by extracellular ATP: involvement of calcium-dependent potassium channels and exogenous Ca2+. 149 86

Nimodipine is a calcium antagonist which improves learning and memory in brain-lesioned or aged animals (LeVere & Sandin, 1989; Schuurman & Traber, 1989). It also accelerates the recovery of experimentally damaged sciatic nerves (van der Zee et al., 1987) and reduces age-associated gait abnormalities in aging rats (Schuurman et al., 1987). Selective action on cerebral vessels has also been proven. Vasoconstriction was prevented or reduced with nimodipine under experimental conditions (Toward, 1981) and cerebral blood flow could be increased (Kazda et al., 1982). The drug has been tested in subarachnoid hemorrhage, stroke, severe head injury, cerebral resuscitation after cardiac arrest, impaired brain function in old age, and dementia. Methodological aspects of clinical studies with this agent are examined in this paper.
 ...
PMID:Global rating, symptoms, behavior, and cognitive performance as indicators of efficacy in clinical studies with nimodipine in elderly patients with cognitive impairment syndromes. 150 90

Nimodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist which dilates cerebral blood vessels and increases cerebral blood flow in animals and humans. Preliminary findings reveal its potential benefit for the treatment of a wide range of cerebrovascular disorders, particularly for prophylaxis and treatment of delayed ischaemic neurological deficits resulting from cerebral vasospasm in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage. Studies involving patients aged up to 79 years have confirmed these preliminary findings by showing that nimodipine reduces the incidence of severe ischaemic deficit after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Initial results from studies of patients with acute ischaemic stroke indicate that nimodipine, started within 72 hours of onset, improved recovery, particularly in patients over 65 years. However, other investigators have found no marked difference in 6-month mortality or morbidity rates of stroke patients aged up to 97 years. Findings from other studies suggest that nimodipine may improve symptoms of cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients. Nimodipine is well tolerated by both younger and older patients. The most frequently reported adverse event has been hypotension. Thus, nimodipine therapy offers important benefits as part of the approach to management of patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage and has potential in other cerebral disorders, including stroke and impaired cognitive function, although confirmation of initial results in patients with cerebral impairment are required.
 ...
PMID:Nimodipine. A review of its pharmacological properties, and therapeutic efficacy in cerebral disorders. 150 42

1. Methyl methacrylate monomer (MMA) given by i.v. infusion to anesthetized dogs caused a sustained hypotension, bradycardia, reduction of cardiac output and stroke volume, and increased peripheral resistance. 2. Epinephrine i.v. could reverse the hypotension but not the bradycardia; isoproterenol i.v. could reverse the bradycardia but not the hypotension. 3. Bilateral cervical vagotomy prevented bradycardia but not other cardiovascular effects of MMA, and prevented all respiratory effects except hypoxemia. 4. Calcium chloride i.v. reversed all circulatory changes except bradycardia; a combination of atropine and calcium reversed all cardiovascular changes from MMA.
 ...
PMID:Acute cardiovascular effects of methyl methacrylate monomer: characterization and modification by cholinergic blockade, adrenergic stimulation and calcium chloride infusion. 151 58


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>