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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

76 consecutive patients aged under 40 with ischaemic brain infarction verified by carotid angiography and/or serial brain scanning were studied. In at least 15 cases (20%) the onset of symptoms was preceded within 24 hours by a bout of alcohol drinking. Ethanol-related cases comprised 40%, 25%, and 13% of the patients in the age-groups 16-19, 20-29, and 30-39 years, respectively. Ethanol intoxication preceding the stroke was 2-3 times as common in male and 3-4 times as common in female patients as ethanol intoxication in the general Finnish population of the same ages and sex. Occasional ethanol intoxication seems to carry an increased risk of ischaemic brain infarction in young adults.
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PMID:Does ethanol intoxication promote brain infarction in young adults? 8 45

Echovirus 11 in the presence of fetal calf serum was exposed to six commonly used disinfectants for times of 10, 20 and 30 s. At the end of such exposure times, skim milk neutralized disinfectant activity and residual virus was assayed using the plaque technique. The six disinfectants studied were Javex, sodium hydroxide, ethanol, Wescodyne, One Stroke Ves-Phene, and Sonacide. Although 0.25% (w/v) sodium hydroxide and 95% (v/v) ethanol were equally virucidal and significantly more so than the other four disinfectants, causing 10(6) reduction in 20 s, they may not be practical to use in many instances. Javex at a dilution of 1/50 (1200 parts/10(6) chlorine) proved to be virucidal causing 10(3.5) reduction of echovirus 11 in 30 s. Wescodyne (1/50) and undiluted Sonacide were relatively ineffective causing 10 reduction or less of echovirus 11 in 30 s. One Stroke Ves-Phene (1/50) was ineffective causing no significant inactivation in 30 s.
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PMID:The relative effectiveness of commonly used disinfectants in inactivation of echovirus 11. 9 74

An electromagnetic flowmeter probe was chronically implanted around the ascending aorta in a group of dogs. Subsequently, ten dogs were lightly anesthetized with halothane (0.75%), and a second (ethanol) extract of ginseng (40 mg/kg) was administered intravenously. Five dogs were anesthetized without the administration of ginseng. Eleven cardiovascular variables including cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, central venous pressure, total peripheral resistance, pH, PaCO2, PaO2, and base deficit were compared for two hours. The heart rate and mean arterial pressure were significantly decreased following ginseng. There were no other meaningful changes in either group.
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PMID:Effects of the second (ethanol) extract of ginseng on the cardiovascular dynamics of dogs during halothane anesthesia. 15 41

Coxsackievirus B5 in the presence of fetal calf serum was exposed to six commonly used disinfectants for times of 10, 20 and 30 s. At the end of exposure times skim milk neutralized the disinfectant activity, with residual virus assayed by the plaque technique. The six disinfectants considered were Javex, sodium hydroxide, ethanol, Wescodyne, One Stroke Ves-Phene and Sonacide. Although 95% (v/v) ethanol was significantly more virucidal than dilutions of the other five disinfectants tested causing a 10(6) reduction in 20 s, it may not be practical to use in many instances. Next to 95% (v/v) ethanol, 1/75 (800 parts/10(6) Javex, 0.25% (w/v) sodium hydroxide and 1/200 Wescodyne were the most effective virucides. These disinfectants were equal in effectiveness causing a 10(5) reduction of coxsackievirus B5 in 30 s. Of these three disinfectants Javex is the most practical to use since sodium hydoroxide is caustic and Wescodyne is selective in its virucidal action. Undiluted Sonacide was a less effective virucide causing a less than 10-fold reduction of coxsackievirus B5 in 30 s. A 1/50 dilution of One Stroke Ves-Phene was the least effective virucide tested since it did not significantly inactivate coxsackievirus B5 in 30 s.
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PMID:The relative effectiveness of commonly used disinfectants in inactivation of coxsackievirus B5. 21 74

f2 bacteriophage in the presence of fetal calf serum (at a final concentration of 10%) was exposed to six commonly used disinfectants for times of 10, 20 and 30 sec. At the end of exposure times skim milk neutralized the disinfectant activity and residual virus was assayed using the plaque technique. The 6 disinfectants considered were Javex, sodium hydroxide, ethanol, Wescodyne, One Stroke Ves-Phene and Sonacide. A 0.25% (w/v) solution of sodium hydroxide and 1/50 Javex (1200 parts/10(6) chlorine) were the most effective of the six disinfectants considered since 10(5) f2 bacteriophage were inactivated in 30 seconds in each instance. Since a 0.25% (w/v) solution of sodium hydroxide had a pH of 12.5 this made it too caustic to use as a disinfectant in many practical situations. It was concluded therefore that Javex at some dilution less than 1/50 (greater than 1200 parts/10(6) chlorine) was the most practical of the six disinfectants to use. Ethanol (95%, v/v) inactivated 10(3) f2 bacteriophage in 30 seconds while 1/20 Wescodyne and undiluted Sonacide inactivated 10(1)-virus particles. Ves-Phene at a dilution of 1/50 was a completely ineffective virucide during the 30 sec exposure. The resistance of f2 bacteriophage to inactivation by these six disinfectants was compared with that of echovirus 11 and coxsackievirus B5. In all instances except exposure to undiluted Sonacide, f2 was comparable in resistance to inactivation and in many cases had greater resistance.
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PMID:The relative resistance of f2 bacteriophage to inactivation by disinfectants. 45 39

The cat basilar artery was exposed using the transclival approach. After administration of 5% ethanol via intravenous infusion, vasospasm was produced by applying the animal's fresh arterial blood to the exposed artery. The resultant vasospasm was of markedly reduced intensity and duration as compared to vasospasm in control animals. In ethanol-treated animals with spasm induced from non-autogenous fresh arterial bloof free of ethanol, a reduction in the duration of vasospasm was noted although the initial intensity of spasm was similar to control animals. There was no anti-spasm effect if the ethanol infusion followed the production of vasospasm.
Stroke
PMID:Effect of intravenous ethanol on cerebral vasospasm produced by subarachnoid blood. 50 94

The cardiovascular effects of an intravenous infusion of a 5% ethanol-10% fructose-solution was examined in 10 healthy late pregnant women with the method of quantitative sphygmometry. There are insignificant changes of the arterial pressure, but increase of stroke volume, cardiac output, work and power and a decrease of total peripheral resistance. In spite of these favourable hemodynamic alterations, particularly the constant heart rate, ethanol should be used only for a short-time-tocolysis.
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PMID:[Cardiovascular changes during ethanol-tocolysis]. 71 90

While conduction disturbances and arrhythmias are seen frequently in alcoholic cardiomyopathy, the specific relationship of these changes to ethyl alcohol has been unclear. To investigate the long-term effects of ethanol upon cardiac conduction, alcoholism was induced in 11 male mongrel dogs for 7 to 33 (mean 14.4) months by feeding up to 36 per cent of total daily calories as ethanol while adequate nutrition was maintained. His and left bundle branch electrograms in the intact anesthetized animals were recorded along with high-speed, high-frequency ECG's. While resting left ventricular pressures, volumes, and stroke outputs were normal, H-Q time was prolonged in the alcoholic animals drinking for longer than one year (35 +/- 3 msec., normals 26 +/- 1 msec.-P less than 0.001). QRS widening (to 80 +/- 4 msec.) was also evident after one year as compared with normals (62 +/- 2 msec.-P less than 0.001), and both H-Q and QRS alterations correlated with duration of intake. These changes were less after shorter ingestion periods, could not be reproduced in normals by acute ethanol infusion, and were not associated with ventricular hypertrophy, inflammation, or necrosis. No abnormalities of atrial conduction were noted. Morphologic correlates of the conduction abnormalities included accumulation of Alcian Blue-positive interstitial material as well as dilatation and localized swelling of the nonspecialized region of the intercalated discs in ventricular muscle and Purkinje fibers. Thus, prolonged ethanol intake in the absence of evident malnutrition resulted in demonstrable intraventricular conduction abnormalities and morphologic alterations which were related to duration of ingestion, consistent with a cumulative toxic effect of ethanol.
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PMID:Cardiac conduction abnormalities produced by chronic alcoholism. 94 75

The acute effects of ethanol (ETOH) on cardiac function in 32 normal subjects has been studied utilizing systolic time intervals. Seven (group I) 13 (group II), and 12 subjects (group III), reported an average daily consumption of less than 1 oz, 1-2 oz, and more than 2 oz of ETOH, respectively. Progressively higher control values from group I to group III in PEP, PEPI, ICT and PET/LVET were observed (PEP-I vs PEPI-III: P smaller than 0.05; PEP/LVET-I vs PEP/LVET-II and PEP/LVET-III: P smaller than 0.05). There was progressively less change in these variables following acute ETOH (P smaller than 0.02-0.05 in group I; P equals NS in group III, group II intermediate). This indicates some degree of chronic myocardial impairment in group II and especially in group III, which tends to be proportionate to the degree of chronic ETOH exposure. These data are not necessarily disparate with previous reports of little or even a salutary hemodynamic effect of ETOH in normal subjects. Thus, the relative stability of LVET post ETOH, coupled with the observed increase in heart rate, is consistent with previous reports of ETOH-induced rate-dependent increments in cardiac output with unchanging stroke volumes, in spite of the presence of acute myocardial depression. The observations reported herein demonstrate the probable incremental influence of ETOH consumption in a chain of events which may culminate in alcoholic cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:The basis for differences in ethanol-induced myocardial depression in normal subjects. 113 3

The effect of combined administration of ethyl alcohol with caffeine and hydroxyzine on cardiac volume and vascular resistance was studied. Combined administration of these compounds diminished cardiac stroke volume and minute output and increased general vascular resistance. Simultaneous administration of ethanol with caffeine and hydroxyzine exerts an unfavorable effect on haemodynamics of circulatory system.
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PMID:Influence of combined administration of ethyl alcohol with caffeine and hydroxyzine on cardiac minute volume and stroke volume in rabbits. 121 15


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