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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and certainly the major cause of disability in the world. WHO has estimated that between 1990 to 2020 the world will witness an increase in stroke mortality of 78% in woman and 106% in man. Much of this increase will be in developing countries which are witnessing rapid change in lifestyle and nutrition, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, atrial fibrillation, hyperlipidemia, Homocysteinemia, and alcohol are the most significant modifiable risk factors of stroke. Of these, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, hyperlipidemia, homocysteinemia and alcoholism are obviously affected by lifestyle and nutrition. However, whilst epidemiology studies have noted an association of nutritional practice with stroke risk, further research is needed to show how nutritional interventions can be effective in stroke prevention.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2007
PMID:Nutrition and stroke. 1739 17

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of mineralocorticoid hypertension. Different studies, using the plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity ratio (PAC/PRA) for the screening of patients with hypertension, have shown a marked increase in the detection rate of PA. Idiopathic bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (IHA) and aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma (APA), are the leading causes of primary aldosteronism. Glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism (GRA), also called familial hyperaldosteronism type I, familial hyperaldosteronism type II and carcinomas are rare causes of PA. Patients with hypertension and hypokalemia, those with a family history of hypertension and stroke at an early age, or patients with medication-resistant hypertension should be screened for PA using the PAC/PRA ratio. If a high ratio is found, a sodium loading test or a captopril test is warranted to confirm the diagnosis. Adrenal gland imaging is important in subtype differentiation (APA vs IHA). Adrenal venous sampling should be used when other tests prove inconclusive. Genetic testing has facilitated detection of GRA. Surgery is considered the treatment of choice for patients with APA, while bilateral hyperplasia subtypes are treated medically. Normalization of aldosterone levels or aldosterone receptor blockade are necessary to prevent the morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension, hypokalemia, and cardiovascular damage.
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PMID:Detecting and treating primary aldosteronism: primary aldosteronism. 1742 5

With the present experiment we sought to investigate brain plasticity underlying language recovery in a group of seventeen patients with non-fluent aphasia mainly caused by stroke. Patients were screened along three domains of measures: analysis of linguistic components by the Aachener Aphasie Test, combined mapping of their lesion from CT/MRI scans, and functional measure of the reorganized linguistic processes by means of mapping of slow evoked potentials. The spatial dimension and temporal dynamics of word processing were measured in three tasks, Phonological, Semantic and Orthographic. Compared with the matched control group, patients showed relative inhibition (decreased negativity) of left central regions in perisylvian areas, which were damaged in most subjects. In addition, reorganization of linguistic functions occurred within the left hemisphere both at frontal and posterior sites corresponding to spared brain regions. Correlations between linguistic lateralization in the three tasks and AAT subtests point to functional reorganization of phonological processes over left frontal sites and dysfunctional reorganization of semantic processing over left posterior regions.
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PMID:Language plasticity in aphasics after recovery: evidence from slow evoked potentials. 1825 72

To determine the influence of personal medical history on mortality from cancer and other chronic diseases, participants in the JACC study were questionned and followed up. Consistent across the sexes, risk of deaths of all causes was increased with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, apoplexy, liver diseases, surgical operations, and blood transfusions. All cancers were similarly related to a history of diabetes and liver diseases, surgery and transfusions. In addition, risk of liver cancer was elevated with diabetes, liver disease, cholecystectomy, renal disease, surgical operations and blood transfusions. Apoplexy was related to a past history of blood transfusion and diabetes, the latter also predisposing to ischemic heart disease. Links with infectious disease were also elucidated. Clearly, a past medical history can exert a strong influence on chronic disease development.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2007
PMID:Personal past history and mortality in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer (JACC). 1826 Jul 2

To determine the influence of family medical history on mortality from cancer and other chronic diseases, participants in the JACC study were questioned about tuberculosis, apoplexy, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes mellitus and malignant diseases and followed up. Consistent across the sexes, a family history of tuberculosis was apparently linked to reduced risk of lung cancer, and also lowered ischemic heart disease. No consistent findings were obtained for hypertension, diabetes mellitus or cancer.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2007
PMID:Family history and mortality in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer (JACC). 1826 Jul 3

The obesity epidemic appears set to worsen the morbidity and mortality from leading causes of death in Australia - ischaemic heart disease, stroke and obesity-related cancers. The aim of this study was to compare hospital separations, deaths and direct health costs for middle-aged adults (45 to 54 years) in 2004/05 with those attaining age 45 to 54 years in 2024/25 who were born into an obesogenic environment. Using data from National Health Surveys, prevalence of obesity in 2004/05 was calculated for those born in 1950/51-59/60 and four scenarios were considered to project rates in 2024/25 for those born in 1970/71-79/80: an age-cohort model; a linear trend model; a steady state where rates increase to equal those of the older birth cohort at the same age; and a best case where rates remain at 2004/05 levels. Population attributable fractions were calculated by gender and disease using relative risks of disease from the literature, and applied to hospital separations, deaths, and direct health system costs data to estimate the proportion of each attributable to obesity. In 2024/25 the projected number of hospitalizations of 45 to 54 year olds due to the diseases of interest could be more than halved, over 200 lives rescued and $51.5 million (in 2004/05 dollars) saved if further gains in obesity in the younger birth cohort are halted. Instead, if the worst case scenario is realized there will be a more than doubling in costs (in 2004/05 dollars) compared with those born in 1950/51-59/60.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2009
PMID:Current and future costs of cancer, heart disease and stroke attributable to obesity in Australia - a comparison of two birth cohorts. 1932 97

A 60-years-old (85 kg, 178 cm) coronary arterial disease patient having had acute myocardial infarction for several times received liver transplantation successfully. He had a previous episode of acute myocardial infarction associated with entire obstruction of right coronary 6 years ago, and was inserted a bracket then. One year ago the patient got chest pain again, and was diagnosed as inferior wall myocardial infarction. Then he received expectant treatment in internal medical department for several days. A 774HF75 PAC catheter (Edwards Lifescience, USA) was inserted into an internal jugular vein, and cardiac output, right ventricular end diastolic volume index, right ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume index, system vascular resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, left ventricular-stroke work index and right ventricular-stroke work index were calculated. During the operation, cardiovascular medications such as dopamine, norepinephrine, dobutamine were infused and adjusted by steps carefully. Electrolytes and acid-base balance were maintained normal. With these hemodynamic parameters, BGA and systemic management, the anesthesia was managed safely and successfully.
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PMID:[A case report of perioperative management for liver transplantation in a patient with multiple old myocardial infarction]. 1937 38

Neurospecific enolase (NSE), gliofibrillar acid protein (GFAP), S100 protein and autoantibodies (AAB) to these proteins have been measured in the blood of 42 patients with acute ischemic stroke. Concentrations of all parameters we re increased in patients compared to the control group. There were a positive correlations between contents of AAB to GFAP and AAB to NSE (r = 0.470; p < 0.015) and a reverse correlation between concentrations of NSE and AAT to NSE (r = -0.301; p < 0.028). A study of the relationship between intensity of neurological deficit and AAB concentrations revealed the reverse correlation between the level of AAB to GFAP and scores on the European Stroke scale (ESS) (r = -0.509; p < 0.009) at the first day of ischemic stroke, i.e. in patients with marked neurological deficit (low scores on ESS) the levels of AAB to GFAP were higher. The higher concentration of AAB to NSE was found for the satisfactory rehabilitation, while the neurological deficit was significantly more severe (p = 0.034) at the AAT to NSE level less than 1.19 relative units. The more complete rehabilitation to the 21st day was reverse-correlated to the NSE concentration (r = -0.309; p < 0.026). There was the positive correlation between the restoration of lost functions (the increase of ESS scores from the 1st to 21st days) and levels of AAB to GFAP (r = 0.505; p < 0.023) and AAB to S100 (r = 0.450; p < 0.046).
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PMID:[Neurospecific proteins and autoantibodies in serum of patients with acute ischemic stroke]. 1989 4

Fish (finfish or shellfish) has been classified as healthy by health professionals despite containing contaminants, since fish is high in long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids which have multiple beneficial health effects such as decreased risk of stroke via anti-thrombotic and vasodilative effects, increased heart rate variability, reducing serum triacylglycerol and blood pressure, anti-inflammatory activities, improving visual function, improving attention-deficit conditions/ hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenic and dementia; and may be effective in managing depression in adults. All these beneficial effects are thought to be mediated through altering cell membrane composition, fluidity, receptors and membrane-bound enzymes, gene expression and eicosanoid production. However, natural marine and freshwater fish populations are declining as a result of over-fishing, temperature and climate changes etc. To re-establish and maintain the fish population in China, fishing has been banned for 2-3 months during specified periods of the year, which differs depending on the area, since 1995. The fish population has recovered since implementation of these banned fishing periods, and thereby maintaining the sustainability and affordability of fish. Aquaculture products have had a significant contribution to China's food system, with significant increase in output over the past few decades, from one million tons in 1978 to 32 million tons in 2007. Aquaculture fish represents a higher portion of total aquatic products compared with natural marine and freshwater fish, which has only been achieved in China, and this has contributed greatly to food and health security. China's success in this area is a good model for other developing countries.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2009
PMID:Fish and its multiple human health effects in times of threat to sustainability and affordability: are there alternatives? 1996 48

Our purpose was to use multiple inflow pulsed ASL to investigate whether hemodynamic AAT information is sensitive to hemispheric asymmetry in acute ischemia. The cohorts included 15 patients with acute minor stroke or TIA and 15 age-matched controls. Patients were scanned by using a stroke MR imaging protocol at a median time of 74 hours. DWI lesion volumes were small and functional impairment was low; however, perfusion abnormalities were evident. Prolonged AAT values were more likely to reside in the affected hemisphere (significant when compared with controls, P < .048). An advantage of this ASL technique is the ability to use AAT information in addition to CBF to characterize ischemia.
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PMID:Multiple inflow pulsed arterial spin-labeling reveals delays in the arterial arrival time in minor stroke and transient ischemic attack. 2011 Mar 75


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