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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Echocardiographic measurements were performed on fifteen football players, in moderate training and on untrained control groups. In comparison with the untrained subjects the echocardiographic tests displayed in athletes a 34% increase in the stroke volume, a 23% increase in the left cavity in diastole, a 11% increase in thickness of left wall in diastole, an increase of the area of the heart's transverse section and of the left miocardial volume. The contractility and pump indexes were the same for both groups of subjects. In conclusion, football is a compound type sport, implying mainly isotonic muscle contractions and isometric too; miocardial hypertrophy in football players' heart has a physiological character.
G Ital Cardiol 1978
PMID:[Echocardiographic measurement of left ventricular function in athletes (author's transl)]. 64 Mar 10

Analysis of left ventricular performance in 20 normal patients was undertaken using biplane cineangiography and a semiautomatic computer image processing system. The analysis included evaluation of volumes, ejection fraction, regional shortening, patterns of ejection and filling and, when simultaneous left ventricular pressure was recorded stroke work, stroke power, wall stress and internal myocardial work. All of these data were calculated from digitized images stored permanently on digital magnetic tape, and can be reproduced without reanalysis of the cine film. Normal left ventricular function is described by an end-diastolic volume index of 82 +/- 3 ml, an ejection fraction of 60 +/- 2 percent, left ventricular mass index of 97 +/- 6 g/m2, peak first derivative of volume (dV/dt) of 485 +/- 28 ml/sec, anterior shortening of 48 +/- 2.3 percent, inferior shortening of 33 +/- 1.7 percent, lateral shortening of 29 +/- 1.5 percent, anterior mean shortening velocity (Vcf, in percent of end-diastolic length [L]/sec) of 1.5 +/- 0.1 L/sec, inferior Vcf of 1.1 +/- 0.06 L/sec and lateral Vcf of 0.94 +/- 0.2 L/sec, stroke work of 1.33 +/- 0.21 joules, mean stroke power of 3.7 +/- 0.62 joules/sec, integrated left ventricular pressure (tension-time index) of 2,866 +/- 340 mm Hg-sec, and integrated stress (stress-time index) of 7,260 +/- 765 (X 10(3)) dynes sec/cm2. Internal myocardial work was calculated from the strain energy. More internal work was expended in circumferential than logitudinal shortening (circumferential, 0.69 +/- 0.1 joules; longitudinal, 0.41 +/- 0.08, P less than 0.01), because hoop stress was greater than meridian stress (hoop, 201 +/- 20 dynes/cm3 X 10(3); meridian, 126 +/- 13, P less than 0.001). This analysis of left ventricular performance provides a reliable means for identifying abnormal ventricular function and may be more sensitive than any one measurement alone. The use of digital image processing makes this complex functional analysis of left ventricular performance feasible.
Am J Cardiol 1978 Jun
PMID:Computer analysis of left ventricular dynamic geometry in man. 66 30

Hemodynamic evaluations of 130 patients with acute myocardial infarction were performed by right and/or left heart catheterization. 115 patients were subdivided in six groups by the pulmonary artery mean pressure (PMP)-left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) relationship: 1) normal LVSWI in relation to PMP (14.8% of all cases); 2) increased LVSWI in relation to PMP (0.9%); 3) moderately reduced LVSWI with increased PMP (severe heart failure-cardiogenic shock) (7.0%); 5) reduced LVSWI with low or normal PMP (22.6%); 6) normal LVSWI with elevated PMP (reduced left ventricular compliance or high pulmonary vascular resistance) (15.7%). 28 cases were studied by right and left heart catheterization; in 10 cases only left heart catheterization was performed. Discriminant analysis on the values measured at the first stage of hemodynamic monitoring was conducted: this type of mathematical analysis seemed to provide a more useful prognostic index.
G Ital Cardiol 1978
PMID:[Hemodynamic classification of acute myocardial infarction: physiopathological aspects and prognostic implications. Considerations on 130 cases (author's transl)]. 68 Apr 32

Left ventricular volumes were measured by cineangiocardiography in 56 sessions on 25 reindeer, together with determinations of arterial pressure and blood oxygen saturation. The heart rate with the animal kept lying on the sternum at rest was 50 b/min, the aortic blood oxygen saturation 94 to 98% and the aortic blood pressure 153/130/115 mm Hg. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume was 3.4 ml/kg of b.w., stroke volume 2.6 ml/kg, cardiac output 133 ml/kg . min, and ejection fraction 76%. If the animal was placed on its side the aortic blood oxygen saturation decreased by 2 to 3 per cent, end-diastolic volume rose 10%, stroke volume 25%, cardiac output nearly 30% and ejection fraction 14%. The heart rate and cardiac output increased in hypoxemia, but the end-diastolic and stroke volumes simultaneously decreased. If the aortic blood pressure rose during hypoxia, the end-diastolic and stroke volumes increased, while the ejection fraction first increased and then decreased again. In normoxia a rise in aortic blood pressure was associated with decreased end-diastolic and stroke volumes and ejection fraction. An increased heart rate at rest was followed by increased cardiac output, but decreased end-diastolic and stroke volumes and ejection fraction.
Basic Res Cardiol
PMID:Left ventricular volumes and functioning of the reindeer heart. 69 8

Mean electromechanical deltaP/deltat and systolic time intervals were measured in 30 patients with coronary artery disease. Total electromechanical systole (QS2), left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and preejection period (PEP) were measured and PEP/LVET calculated. Systolic time intervals were obtained noninvasively. Mean electromechanical deltaP/deltat was calculated by means of systemic diastolic blood pressure, pulmonary wedge pressure and PEP. Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), pulmonary wedge pressure and stroke index were determined by catheterization and left ventriculography. PEP (r = -0.69) and PEP/LVET (r = -0.68) were better correlated to EF than mean electromechanical delatP/deltat (r = 0.63). Patients with previous myocardial infarction were found to have significantly longer PEP (P less than 0.02) and higher PEP/LVET (P less than 0.01) than patients without infarction. Neither of the methods showed significant differences between the groups of patients with 1-, 2- and 3-vessel disease. Although systolic time intervals cannot be used in predicting invasive measurements such as EF, the findings indicate that PEP and PEP/LVET may be useful supplement to clinical examination in evaluating left ventricular function in coronary artery disease.
Eur J Cardiol 1978 Jul
PMID:Mean electromechanical delta P/ delta t and systolic time intervals in coronary artery disease. 69 36

A program of physical conditioning for the rehabilitation of the patients affected by myocardial infarction is founded on a preliminary ergometric evaluation and on following examinations of the effects of the prescribed treatment. Submaximal ergometric stress tests utilizing non invasive methods which contain sufficient information about the cardiocirculatory response to the physical effort are required. Sixteen patients underwent hemodynamic evaluation, during ergometric stress test, two months after myocardial infarction. A statistical analysis of the results shows a significant correlation between stroke volume and oxygen pulse. The oxygen pulse, under an increasing effort, describes a curve; the end of its ascending limb may be regarded as the point of the maximal stroke volume. The workload where the curve of oxygen pulse changes the slope can be used as the caloric expense which should be safely attained during the physical conditioning.
G Ital Cardiol 1978
PMID:[The oxygen pulse for evaluation of the response to exercise in rehabilitation of patients with myocardial infarct]. 73 59

The stroke volume at rest of 81 test subjects with no evident cardiac or circulatory dysfunction was determined by impedance cardiography and the measurements were repeated after 11 weeks. In order to attain comparable and reproducible conditions, 44 test subjects were chosen who showed heart rates at rest not higher than 83 beats per min, and whose changes in heart rate between the two tests were not greater than 11 beats per min. The stroke volumes determined by impedance cardiography are greater than those measured with the invasive methods reported by other authors. If the electrodes are removed between the tests sufficient reproducibility is not obtained. It is concluded that determinations of stroke volume by impedance cardiography as described in the literature are only suitable for detecting directional changes when the electrodes are left in place. It is impossible to obtain comparable data with electrodes once removed and replaced for the second measurement. Impedance cardiography is based on theoretical assumptions which do not permit estimation of errors affecting the measurement.
Basic Res Cardiol
PMID:Impedance cardiography the reproducibility of stroke volume measurements under conditions of mass examination. 74 20

Hemodynamic studies were carried out in 19 patients with left ventricular failure complicating acute myocardial infarction. Fourteen patients were studied before and after the intravenous administration of 0.5 mg/kg of furosemide, and five patients served as a control group. Serial measurements included intracardiac pressures, cardiac output and lung water by a double isotope technique. A significant reduction was noted in right atrial (P less than 0.005), pulmonary arterial (P less than 0.0005) and pulmonary wedge pressures (P less than 0.0005) after administration of furosemide. Only the change in right atrial pressure was significantly different from that in the control group (P less than 0.05). Lung water was not changed in 4 patients studied 2 hours after administration of furosemide but was significantly changed in the remaining 10 patients studied 4 to 24 hours after furosemide (P = 0.0001). This change was also significantly different from values in the control group (P less than 0.05). The patients with no reduction in excess lung water also had a smaller reduction in pulmonary wedge pressure and a lower pretreatment stroke work index than the other patients. The mobilization of excess lung water in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular failure has several features. Despite a prompt diuresis, the reduction in lung water is delayed for at least several hours after the administration of furosemide and may be related to the degree of left ventricular dysfunction. Venodilation may be a major result of treatment with furosemide.
Am J Cardiol 1979 Jan
PMID:Effect of furosemide on hemodynamics and lung water in acute pulmonary edema secondary to myocardial infarction. 75 75

The haemodynamic effects of nitroglycerin (0.6 mg sublingual) have been studied in eleven patients with coronary artery disease, by means of the thermodilution method which enables cardiac output to be repeatedly measured at short time intervals (1-2 minutes). The following data have been studied: blood pressure (BP), pulmonary arterial pressure (PA), left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR), total systemic resistance (TSR), total pulmonary resistance (TPR), tension-time index (TTI) and left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI). Within 1 minute following nitroglycerin (NG) administration the patients showed a decrease in TSR, TPR, and an increase in CO, SV, HR and LVCWI. TTI was reduced at the 5th minute. LVFP, PA and BP decreased after 3-5 minutes. CO increase at the 1st minute often compensated the fall in TSR, and blood pressure remained unchanged. The LVSWI/LVFP curve showed a transitory shift to the left at the 1st minute. In eleven normal subjects NG induced a minor increase in CO and SV, and a minor decrease in TSR at the 1st minute. The mechanism of action of NG in angina pectoris is briefly discussed.
G Ital Cardiol 1975
PMID:[Haemodynamic effects of nitroglycerin (author's transl)]. 81 Mar 83

The consequences of sublingual and intravenous nitroglycerin treatment after acute coronary occlusion were studied in 18 closed chest dogs. Intravenous (0.1 mg/min) or sublingual (0.4 mg/15 min) nitroglycerin therapy was instituted 1 hour after occlusion and the effects were observed over a period of 2 hours. Hemodynamics and global and regional cardiac function were measured in both the coronary occluded and nonoccluded segments of the left ventricle before and during coronary occlusion, and after administration of nitroglycerin. A similar nine dog control series was used to establish the significance of the measured effects of nitroglycerin. Intravenous nitroglycerin therapy after 1 hour of occlusion resulted in a marked increase in heart rate (37 +/- 12 [mean +/- standard error of the mean] percent), reduction of systolic blood pressure (9 +/- 3%), decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (32 +/- 5% and 34 +/- 5%), increase in coronary sinus flow (64 +/- 24%) and decrease in left ventricular stroke work (29 +/- 8%). Sublingually administered nitroglycerin produced similar trends but much less pronounced effects. However, intravenous or sublingual administration of nitroglycerin provided no improvement or caused further deterioration in ischemic region lactate extraction and potassium loss. The left ventricular ejection fraction, which was severly depressed after 1 hour of occlusion, changed minimally after administration of nitroglycerin, and there was no evidence of any correction of regional left ventricular akinesia or dyskinesia. Whereas mean systemic vascular resistance changed minimally as a result of nitroglycerin therapy, it increased 19 +/- 8% during a corresponding period of an untreated coronary occlusion series suggesting that nitroglycerin prevented an anticipated increase. Postocclusion S-T segment elevation in the electrocardiogram persisted after treatment. Our data corroborated that nitroglycerin reduced left ventricular volumes and increased coronary sinus flow; however, these improvements were accompanied by persisting metabolic and mechanical derangements in the ischemic region.
Am J Cardiol 1976 Mar 31
PMID:Regional and global myocardial effects of intravenous and sublingual nitroglycerin treatment after experimental acute coronary occlusion. 81 89


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