Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 61 patients in whom high doses of corticoids had been administered owing to various indications, the hemodynamic modifications caused by this injection were studied. The corticoids administered were : hydrocortisone hemisucccinate (150 mg/kg), methyl prednisolone sulfate (30 mg/kg), prednisone sodium m sulfobenzoate (50 mg/kg), prednisolone sodium m sulfobenzoate (35 mg/kg) and dexamethasone phosphate (2 mg and 6 mg/kg). The results study the modifications caused by each drug on heart rate, arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, systolic stroke volume and peripheral vascular resistance. The expression of the results is given as a percentage of the variation with statistical study. Methyl-prednisolone sulfobenzoate only leads to slightly marked hemodynamic effects : the four other compounds studied have definite hemodynamic effects, of variable intensity and duration. The most important variations are noted with dexametasone phosphate. From these results, the indications and results of the use of corticoids in states of shock are discussed.
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PMID:[Hemodynamic effects of high-dosage corticoids. Their justification in the treatment of shock]. 0 83

A homogeneous amidophosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.14) preparation, which was sensitive to purine nucleotide inhibitors, was obtained from chicken liver. From the result of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the subunit weight was estimated to be approximately 58 000. In Tris-HCl buffer, the predominant form of the enzyme had an S20,w of 6.5, Strokes radius of 40 A, and estimated molecular weight of 110 000. Incubation with 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate or Pi resulted in an increase in the S20,w to 9.1--9.5, Strokes radius 50 A, and estimated molecular weight to 200 000. Incubation of the large form with AMP led to a decrease in the molecular wight of the enzyme. It is concluded that chicken liver amidophosphoribosyltransferase is an allosteric protein whose activity is regulated by a series of conformational changes induced by a number of ligands.
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PMID:Chicken liver amidophosphoribosyltransferase. Ligand-induced alterations in molecular properties. 22 44

A view on the employment of magnesium sulfate in pregnancy is given and the statement of the cardiovascular changes before, during and after the intravenous infusion of 4,0 g magnesium sulfate in ten hypertensive late pregnant women. The drug induces a mild decrease of arterial blood pressure with a distinct increase of stroke volume, cardiac output, heart rate, heart work and the heart's power. The pathologically increased total peripheral resistance is reduced. These hemodynamic effects are very favourable concerning intensive care of severe toxemias of pregnancy.
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PMID:[The value of magnesium sulfate in intensive care of severe toxemias of pregnancy (author's transl)]. 46 56

Two aspects of the recovery period after endurance exercise were investigated: a) the fluid distribution between the intra- and extravascular parts of the extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) induced by exercise dehydration, b) the cardiovascular response pattern [blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), total peripheral resistance (TPR), and central venous pressure (CVP)] to the heat load which results from the preceding exercise. Seven conscious dogs performed endurance exercise in a cool environment (16 degrees C) on a horizontal treadmill till 4% of the body weight was lost. It was found that about 70% of the total fluid loss of the body came from intracellular water. During exercise sodium and chloride concentrations rose by 6 mMol and 7 mMol respectively (P less than 0.005) and remained elevated throughout the early recovery period indicating a fluid loss of about 100-200 ml out of the ECFV. Direct measurements of the ECFV as sulfate space confirmed these values. Since the plasma volume remained unchanged, this fluid loss was carried totally by the interstitial fluid volume. Immediately after exercise body temperature was elevated by 1.5 degrees C and returned towards control within 90 min. Cardiac output was above control level for 2 h after the end of exercise, at first due to an increased HR and thereafter to an elevated stroke volume (SV) (P less than 0.02). CVP and TPR were below control levels for at least 2 h (P less than 0.01). A linear correlation was found between CVP and TPR. A close correlation existed between the body temperature and the cardiovascular parameters. It can be concluded that even long after exercise the cardiovascular system has to serve thermoregulatory needs.
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PMID:Extracellular fluid volume and central circulation after long lasting exercise and dehydration in conscious dogs. 55 92

Steady state cardiovascular and respiratory parameters in adult male chickens while they were awake and after anesthetization with a mixture of chloral hydrate, magnesium sulfate, and pentobarbital were compared. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), peripheral resistance (TPR), tidal volume (VT), respiratory rate (RR), minute ventilation (V), end-experatory carbon dioxide partial pressure (PACO2), and arterial blood gases and pH were measured simultaneously on birds spontaneously breathing air. Anesthetization resulted in increased HR and RR and decreased BP, CO, TPR, VT, PACO2, and blood gas tension. The data indicate a depression of cardiovascular function but no change in total ventilation although the relative contributions of VT and RR were changed. Anesthetization increased variability in SV although the other parameters were maintained in a steady-state condition over a 2-h period.
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PMID:Comparison of Cardiopulmonary Parameters in awake and anesthetized chickens. 60 98

This point of view encountered in the treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension enumerates the most common problems encountered when treating the disease. These problems include: terminology, etiology and pathogenesis, known facts, failure to identify the patient, loss of life for mother and baby, complications, recognition of early disease, and treatment not uniform or individualized. The severe forms of the disease are preventable and should never occur, but once present they should yield a zero maternal mortality rate and a fetal salvage of greater than 90%. Proper therapy of severe disease is primarily the use of pharmacologic doses of magnesium sulfate given intravenously and the prevention of a cerebral vascular accident in the mother. Induction of labor and removal of the products of conception will cure the disease.
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PMID:Problems encountered in the treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension. A point of view. 68 45

Carpaine is one of the major components of alkaloid of papaya leaves. Circulatory effects of carpaine were studied in Wistar male rats weighing 314 +/- 13 g, under pentabarbital (30 mg/kg) anesthesia. Increasing dosages of carpaine from 0.5 mg/kg to 2.0 mg/kg resulted in progressive decrease in systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure. Selective autonomic nervous blockade with atropine sulfate (1 mg/kg) or propranolol hydrochloride (8 mg/kg) did not alter the circulatory response to carpaine. Carpaine, 2 mg/kg, reduced cardiac output, stroke volume, stroke work, and cardiac power, but the calculated total peripheral resistance remained unchanged. It is concluded from these results that carpaine affects the myocardium directly. The effects of carpaine may be related to its macrocyclic dilactone structure, a possible cation chelating structure.
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PMID:Effect of carpaine, a papaya alkaloid, on the circulatory function in the rat. 73 16

A combination of fentanyl-droperidol was administered intravenously alone or with atropine sulfate (2 doses--0.04 or 0.02 mg/kg of body weight) to determine if stable neuroleptanalgesia could be produced in the dog. Cardiovascular responses were recorded at 5, 15, and 30 minutes. Fentanyl-droperidol given alone caused a significant increase of peripheral resistance and mean arterial pressure at 5 minutes and then a decrease of these values over a postinjection period of 30 minutes. Left ventricular dP/dt increased significantly at postinjection minutes 15 and 30. In dogs given atropine concurrently with fentanyl-droperidol, there was significant increase in heart rate and decrease in stroke volume. Also, there were significant initial increases in diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures, ventricular contractility, and coronary blood flow. The dose of 0.02 mg of atropine/kg seemed optimal for intravenous administration with fentanyl-droperidol in the dog; when the atropine dose was 0.04 mg/kg, large inotropic and chronotropic effects were produced.
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PMID:Cardiovascular response to fentanyl-droperidol and atropine in the dog. 85 Dec 80

A philosophy of conservatism in regard to termination of gestations complicated by pregnancy-induced hypertension has been practiced at the University of Virginia Hospital for many years. The advent of improved methods to evaluate the intrauterine fetal status prompted retrospective review of 246 pre-eclamptic and 13 eclamptic patients managed during the antepartum period. Continuous magnesium sulfate infusion for periods up to 144 hours (265 grams) was the therapeutic measure used for prevention or control of convulsions. Average duration of predelivery hospitalization increased 8.7 days, and the incidence of neonates requiring intensive care increased 10.9% with the use of tests to evaluate intrauterine fetal status. Frequency of spontaneous onset of labor and vaginal delivery decreased 18.6%. The uncorrected perinatal mortality rate for all antepartum patients was 7.0%. The mortality rate for infants of mothers with superimposed, severe or convulsive disease was significantly less in pregnancies in which tests of fetoplacental status were employed (8.2%) compared to pregnancies in which they were not (15.2%). The only maternal death was a 41-year-old patient with severe pre-eclampus who suffered a cerebral vascular accident on the fifth hospital day. These data reiterate the value of conservative management with meticulous individualized care.
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PMID:Conservative management of pre-eclamptic and eclamptic patients: a re-evaluation. 90 Jan 96

In the course of a routine investigation of the complex between the erythrocyte membrane protein spectrin and sodium dodecyl sulfate, we observed a large discrepancy between the true Stokes radius (178 A, measured by hydrodynamic methods) and the apparent value derived from gel chromatography (107 A). In attempting to resolve this discrepancy, we have experiments that indicate that all large asymmetric particles may be subject to a similar discrepancy; e.g., native fibrinogne has a true Strokes radius of 108 A, whereas the value derived by column chromatography after calibration with globular proteins is only 71 A. The simplest interpretation is that end-on insertion of asymmetric particles into the gel pores contributes to their retardation. The phenomenon clearly limits the usefulness of gel chromatography as a quantitative measure of the hydrodynamic Stokes radius. Incidental data obtained in the course of this work indicate that spherical viruses may have weak chemical affinity for the porous gel. Chromatography of large proteins in the presence of detergents produced no effects ascribable to absorption of the detergents, but the results suggest a need for further study of possible interaction between detergents and small gel pores.
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PMID:Use of gel chromatography for the determination of the Stokes radii of proteins in the presence and absence of detergents. A reexamination. 95 91


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