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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We reported on the haemodynamic effects of 0.03 mg/kg flunitrazepam during surgical procedures in neuroleptanalgesia in 39 patients with congenital or acquired heart diseases, functional class II-IV. The benzodiazepine derivative did not cause any relevant effect on the inotropic state of the myocardium. There were only minor changes in cardiac index, stroke index, right and left atrial pressure. Changes in arterial pressure and left ventricular pressure during and immediately after surgical procedures, and in arterial perfusion pressure during extracorporeal circulation, as well as an only short lasting increase in heart rate were demonstrative a peripheral vasodilator effect. The decrease in ventricular work and myocardial oxygen consumption are of value in patients with coronary heart disease, especially immediately after surgical procedures. Flunitrazepam is considered an additional drug during neuroleptanalgesia, when hypertension is causing some problems.
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PMID:[Cardiovascular effects of flunitrazepam (rohypnol, RO-5-4200) (author's transl)]. 1 70

In 18 patients with documented ischaemic heart disease the cardiovascular effects of ketamine (1.5 mg/kg iv) were studied under three different conditions: 1. in awake premedicated patients (n = 6); 2. after the previous administration of flunitrazepam (0.015 mg/kg iv, n = 6) and 3. under conditions of neuroleptanalgesia and muscle relaxation (n = 6). Flunitrazepam prevented or at least attenuated the increases in heart rate (30%), mean arterial pressure (37%), mean pulmonary artery pressure (165%), left ventricular filling pressure (230%), total peripheral resistance (50%), pulmonary vascular resistance (100%) and in the rate-pressure product (66%) which were associated with the use of ketamine as the sole anaesthetic agent. In addition, the flunitrazepam-pretreatment abolished the fall in cardiac index and stroke index which occured in patients given ketamine alone. Flunitrazepam therefore appears to be a promising drug to prevent adverse cardiovascular reactions, when ketamine should be chosen for induction of anaesthesia. Neuroleptanalgesia and muscle relaxation also proved effective in controlling the sympathomimetic actions of ketamine. The response of the mean pulmonary artery pressure and of the ventricular filling pressures to ketamine in this group was even more damped than in the patients pretreated with flunitrazepam alone.
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PMID:[Flunitrazepam-pretreatment for prevention of adverse cardiovascular effects following ketamine]. 4 95