Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nasal sinusitis, tonsillitis, and pharyngolaryngitis typify upper respiratory tract infections, while bronchitis and pneumonia typify lower respiratory tract infections. Cases of paranasal sinusitis with severe suppuration are reportedly becoming less frequent, while those of chronic catarrhal paranasal sinusitis and edematous allergic paranasal sinusitis are becoming more so, The primary factor in paranasal sinusitis, a typical infectious disease encountered in otolaryngology, is bacterial infection. The main causative bacteria are Streptococcus pneumoniae, reported in 13.4% of cases, Haemophilus influenzae in 12.8% Moraxella catarrhalis in 5.5%, Staphylococcus aureus in 26.5%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5.2%, and anaerobes. The incidence of strains resistant to antimicrobial agents has grown for S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis and decreased for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Acute exacerbation or severe suppuration in chronic paranasal sinusitis requires the administration of antimicrobial agents, with the same agent administered 2 weeks for maximal effect. First-line agents are AMPC/CVA, SBTPC, CDTR-PI, CFPN-PI, and GFLX for adults, with ASPC, SBPC, ACPC, CTRX, CMZ, FMOX, PAPM/BP, and MEPM injected in severe cases. Attention must be paid to strains that resist cephems and macrolides, such as PISP, PRSP, and BLNAR. In refractory chronic paranasal sinusitis, attention must also be paid to biofilms produced by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Suitable antimicrobial agents should be determined for treating of chronic paranasal sinusitis, in addition to the best procedure to ensure early recovery from inflammation, such as puncturing or irrigating the maxillary sinus, injecting a suitable agent, nebulization, and/or surgically widening the middle meatus.
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PMID:[Bacteria isolated from chronic upper and lower respiratory tract infections and the associated therapeutic strategies--in paranasal sinusitis]. 1651 20

We reviewed the results of clinical examinations conducted on and antimicrobial susceptibilities to Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from 51 patients with gonococcal urethritis who visited our hospital during the period from February 2005 to April 2006. The type of sexual activity by which the bacteria was transmitted was oral sex in 81.6% (40/49) of the patients, and none of the patients used a condom during oral sex. Fifty percent (24/48) of the patients were aware of the risk of getting sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) from having oral sex without the use of a condom. The ratios of drug-resistant N. gonorrhoeae were 56.9% for Penicillin G, 0% for CVA/Amoxicillin, Azithromycin and Minocycline, 5.9% for Cefpodoxime, 2.0% for Ceftriaxone, 0% for Cefodizime, and 84.4% for Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin and Gatifloxacin. The bacteria in 7.8% of the cases were beta-lactamase-producing strains. The results of this study indicated that STD from oral sex is prevalent in Sapporo. Increasing resistance to Quinolone was noted, but levels of susceptibility to other drugs remained relatively high.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation and antimicrobial susceptibilities of cases of gonococcal urethritis treated in our hospital]. 1756 12