Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1 The use of radioactive microspheres is described for the measurement of cardiac output in anaesthetized rabbits and its redistribution after the administration of drugs which lower blood pressure. 2 Hydralazine increased peripheral vascular conductance by 123%. The vascular beds in which it had most effect were those of the carcass (mainly muscle) and the kidneys. 3 SK&F 24260, (1,4 dihydro-2, 6-dimethyl-4(2-trifluoremethylpheny)-3,5,-pyridinedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester), had similar vasocilator actions. Its effect in the carcass contributed relatively more to the increase of total peripheral conductance. It also caused a remarkable degree of cerebral vasodilatation. 4 Guanethidine had a relatively small effect on total peripheral conductance and lowered blood pressure mainly by reducing stroke volume and cardiac output.
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PMID:The use of radioactive microspheres to compare the effects of hydralazine, guanethidine and SK & F 24260 on the redistribution of cardiac output in anaesthetized rabbits. 0 Nov 34

The developments concern methods of application and therapeutic agents. Regarding drug aplication Ocusert has to be mentioned: inserted in the cul de sac of the eye once a week it releases a low concentration of a substance continuously and with a constant rate. For acetazolamid (Diamox) it has been shown, that in long term treatment much lower concentrations than usual are effective. Efforts regarding new local agents reducing intraocular pressure are stimulating as well as inhibiting the sympathetic tone. The practically most important discovery so far is Clonidine, whose pressure lowering mechanism is not quite clarified yet and which, due to other problems, demands a very critical indication. Beta-receptor-blocking agents, such as Propranolol could become somewhat important, as well as for some special indications the chemical sympathectomy by 6-Hydroxydopamine. The sympatholytic agent Guanethidine proves to be very valuable in special cases. Besides the pressure reducing treatment medicamentally achieved increase of the blood supply to the optic nerve becomes more important. It becomes more and more evident that the elevation of the stroke volume--thus heart output--by cardiac therapy is important what demands collaboration with colleagues of other disciplines.
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PMID:[Approaches in medical treatment in glaucoma (author's transl)]. 85 80

We examined a pain-related syndrome, which includes mechanical allodynia and autotomy, in rats after ischemic spinal cord injury photochemically induced by laser irradiation for 5-20 min. This procedure results in an acute allodynia-like phenomenon which lasts for several days and is possibly related to dysfunction of the GABAB system in the spinal cord. In some animals this is followed by a chronic allodynia-like symptom with an onset varying between 1 week and 1.5 months after injury, expressed as a clearly painful reaction to light pressure applied to a skin area at or near the dermatome of the injured spinal segments. In the majority of rats the allodynia persists over several months, in some cases accompanied by autotomy of the hind paws. Pharmacological studies indicated that the allodynia in the majority of rats could be relieved by systemic tocainide (75 mg/kg). Morphine was only effective at a sedative dose (5 mg/kg). The allodynia was not relieved by baclofen, muscimol, clonidine or carbamazepine. Low-dose systemic pentobarbital (5 mg/kg) had a slight beneficial effect. Guanethidine (20 mg/kg, s.c.) did not abolish the allodynia in most of the rats. Histological examination revealed massive damage in the spinal cord. The dorsal roots of the irradiated segments were also injured. No morphological abnormalities were seen in the dorsal root ganglia. The mechanism that may account for this chronic pain-related syndrome in spinally injured rats probably involves abnormalities in the central nervous system. The allodynia seen in chronic spinally injured rats was similar to some painful symptoms in patients after spinal cord injury or stroke. It is suggested that the chronic allodynia-like phenomenon may represent an animal model for studying the mechanisms of chronic central pain.
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PMID:Chronic pain-related syndrome in rats after ischemic spinal cord lesion: a possible animal model for pain in patients with spinal cord injury. 158 48