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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sudden loss of vision without redness nor eye pain may come from numerous causes of varying severity. It presents a major source of anxiety for the patient who will seek for urgent consultation. The diagnostic approach is based on history and eye examination, eventually completed by a neurological examination. The purpose of this article is to provide general practitioners simple clues allowing them to quickly orientate the diagnosis. Following simple guidelines, they will be able to treat the condition correctly or refer to an adequate specialist when needed. True emergencies are retinal detachment, central retinal artery occlusion, intracranial hypertension, Horton giant cells arteritis, transient ischemic attack, stroke, pituitary apoplexy and cortical visual loss.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of a sudden loss of vision (without redness nor eye pain)]. 2567 30

Pituitary adenomas usually arise from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and are manifested with hormonal disorders or mass effect. Mass effect usually occurs in nonfunctional tumors. Pituitary adenomas may be manifested with visual field defects or rarely in the form of total oculomotor palsy. Visual field defect is most frequently in the form of bitemporal hemianopsia and superior temporal defect. Sudden loss of vision, papilledema and ophthalmoplegia may be observed. Pituitary apoplexy is defined as an acute clinical syndrome characterized with headache, vomiting, loss of vision, ophthalmoplegia and clouding of consciousness. The problem leading to pituitary apoplexy may be decreased blood supply in the adenoma and hemorrhage following this decrease or hemorrhage alone. In this article, we present a patient who presented with fever, vomiting and sudden loss of vision and limited outward gaze in the left eye following trauma and who was found to have pituitary macroadenoma causing compression of the optic chiasma and optic nerve on the left side on cranial and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging.
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PMID:A pediatric case of pituitary macroadenoma presenting with pituitary apoplexy and cranial nerve involvement: case report. 2773 2