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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Amaurosis fugax has frequently been related to carotid artery disease. In order to determine the relationship between amaurosis fugax and significant carotid artery stenosis, we prospectively studied 81 consecutive patients presenting to an ophthalmologist with this symptom. Neurologic and vascular evaluation with PPG and Duplex-scan were performed. A stenosis of greater than 70% was regarded as significant. DSA was performed in patients with significant stenosis (55 of 81). The presence of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, tobacco and hyperlipidemia was considered. Mean age was 64.96 years. There was a high prevalence of hypertension, smoking and previous CVA/TIAs. Patients with significant carotid stenosis were endarterectomized. Carotid atheromata plaques were classified in three groups: hemorrhagic plaque (5), dystrophic calcification (8) and ulcerated plaque (42). There was a high correlation (0.87) between ulcerated plaque and amaurosis fugax. We conclude that amaurosis fugax is an important symptom to allocate patients with high risk of carotid disease, specially carotid stenosis complicated with ulcerated plaque. Carotid duplex scan must be done if this symptom is present.
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PMID:Amaurosis fugax as a symptom of carotid artery stenosis. Its relationship with ulcerated plaque. 812 72

The aim of this study was to identify the echo morphology and stenosis of carotid plaques that corresponded to ipsilateral asymptomatic status, amaurosis fugax, hemispheric transient ischemic attack, and stroke. One hundred ninety-two plaques (150 patients), producing stenosis in the range of 50% to 99% and associated with various neurovascular manifestations, were studied. These plaques were imaged on duplex scans, and a series of textural features was produced in a computer to distinguish quantitatively their various echo patterns. Amaurosis fugax corresponded to dark, severely stenosed atheromas (90%); hemispheric transient ischemic attack and stroke corresponded to plaques with intermediate echoic characteristics and intermediate stenosis (80%); and asymptomatic status corresponded to bright, moderately stenosed plaques (70%; P < .05). The significance of these findings is discussed.
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PMID:Types of neurovascular symptoms and carotid plaque ultrasonic textural characteristics. 1121 Nov 31

Stroke is an important complication for the surgical treatment of type A aortic dissection and it occurs immediately post operation. Many surgical techniques such as deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and retrograde cerebral perfusion have been reported to ameliorate this complication. We report here a male Taiwanese patient with type A aortic dissection involving the arch who underwent surgical repair. Amaurosis fugax appeared on the 4th day post operation. Funduscopic findings demonstrated multi focal embolization and carotid sonography revealed normal carotid arteries. The symptoms and signs improved after anticoagulation therapy. This is a rare case of delayed onset of amaurosis fugax in a patient with type A aortic dissection post surgical repair. The thromboemboli might have originated from the internal surface of the sawing area.
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PMID:Delayed onset of amaurosis fugax in a patient with type A aortic dissection post surgical repair. 1123 97

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to compare the clinical and angiographic outcomes of intracranial aneurysms with and without branches arising from the sac after Pipeline embolization device (PED) treatment.METHODSThis retrospective 2-center comparative study included 116 patients with 157 aneurysms that were treated with PEDs. Aneurysms were divided into 2 groups: one group had branches arising from the sac and the other group did not. Study end points included total aneurysm occlusion assessed by angiography at 6 and 12 months, death or stroke, technical complications, in-stent stenosis, patency of covered branches, and transient ischemia.RESULTSOne hundred fifty-one aneurysms (96%) were located in the internal carotid artery. A branch arising from the sac was observed in 26 aneurysms. Complete occlusion was found in 120 of 156 aneurysms at 6 months (76.92% [95% CI 69.71%-82.84%]) and in 136 of 155 aneurysms at 12 months (87.74% [95% CI 81.28%-92.27%]). Total occlusion was more frequently observed in the group without a branch arising from the sac (84% vs 40% at 6 months, p < 0.001; 93.10% vs 60% at 1 year, p < 0.001). There were 4 (3.45% [95% CI 1.11%-9.12%]) cases of death or major stroke. Amaurosis fugax occurred in 3 patients. One patient experienced worsening of mass effect after treatment. No occlusion of branches arising from the aneurysm was observed. In-stent stenosis greater than 50% was observed in 1 case.CONCLUSIONSAneurysms treated with PEDs are less likely to be totally occluded if they have a branch arising from the sac than are aneurysms without these branches.
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PMID:Occlusion rates of intracranial aneurysms treated with the Pipeline embolization device: the role of branches arising from the sac. 2962 53

Transient monocular blindness is an acute episode of ischemic origin in which one eye has profound visual loss, followed by full recovery within one hour. Transient monocular blindness most often occurs in the setting of retinal ischemia secondary to carotid embolism, but other mechanisms have been reported, including thrombosis (most often in the setting of giant cell arteritis), hemodynamic disorders (secondary to severe carotid stenosis), or vasospasm. Transient monocular blindness is considered a transient ischemic attack originating in the carotid arteries, and must be managed the same as transient ischemic attack involving the brain, in order to prevent a subsequent stroke.
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PMID:Transient monocular blindness: Vascular causes and differential diagnoses. 2967 27

Transient monocular blindness is an acute episode of ischemic origin in which one eye has profound visual loss, followed by full recovery within one hour. Transient monocular blindness most often occurs in the setting of retinal ischemia secondary to carotid embolism, but other mechanisms have been reported, including thrombosis (most often in the setting of giant cell arteritis), hemodynamic disorders (secondary to severe carotid stenosis) or vasospasm. Transient monocular blindness is considered a transient ischemic attack originating in the carotid arteries and must benefit from the same management as transient ischemic attack involving the brain, in order to prevent a subsequent stroke.
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PMID:[Transient monocular blindness: Vascular causes and differential diagnoses]. 2977 64

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a medical emergency that, if not treated, may result in irreversible loss of vision. It continues to be an important cause for acute painless loss of vision. Amaurosis fugax or "transient CRAO" has long been considered an equivalent of transient cerebral ischemic event. Animal models, in addition to data from retrospective and randomized clinical studies, provide valuable insights into the time interval for irreversible retinal ischemia. Subset analyses from 2 large studies of patients with CRAO show benefit from treatment with thrombolysis within 6 hours from symptoms onset. Significant workflow improvements after the intra-arterial therapy trials for acute ischemic stroke have occurred world over in last 5 years. Patients with CRAO are uniquely suited to receive maximum benefits from the changes in workflow for treatment of patient's acute ischemic stroke. Just as in clinical triage of acute ischemic stroke, correct and timely diagnosis of patients with CRAO may help in preventing visual loss. The approach to acute ocular ischemia should mimic that used for acute brain ischemia. Comprehensive stroke centers would be ideal triage centers for these patients in view of availability of multidisciplinary participation from vascular neurology, neuroendovascular surgery, and ophthalmology. Time is Retina!
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2018 Oct
PMID:Is Management of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion the Next Frontier in Cerebrovascular Diseases? 3061 37

Amaurosis fugax (AmF) is defined as transient monocular visual loss secondary to retinal ischemia. In most patients presenting with AmF, the attack of visual loss occurs in the same eye. A 64-year-old woman experienced transient visual loss in her right eye. Three days after that, an attack happened on the left side. In total, she had 5 episodes of AmF in 2 months. AmF occurred on both sides at different times, and so may be referred to as "Alternating AmF". Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed high-intensity lesions in various parts of brain, and laboratory examination revealed elevated D-dimer and ovarian tumor marker. We suspected Trousseau syndrome and found a giant ovary tumor. After removal of the tumor, no recurrence was observed. When a patient with alternating AmF is encountered, screening for malignancy is essential.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019 Jul
PMID:Alternating Amaurosis Fugax in Trousseau Syndrome: A Case Report. 3109 25


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