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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute ischemic heart failure was induced in eight dogs by coronary embolization. Severe depression of the left ventricular (LV) performance was evidenced. At 15 min after the embolization procedure, dopamine was infused at a dosage sufficient to increase the maximum rate of LV pressure rise (LVdP/dtmax) by approximately 50%. The significant improvement in cardiac performance was obtained at unaltered myocardial oxygen consumption (MVo2). Dopamine infusion was concluded, and after a stabilization period 300 IU of insulin was injected. This was followed by the infusion of glucose and potassium to maintain levels. Insulin significantly improved the performance of the failing left ventricle at unaltered MVo2, but to a lesser extent than did dopamine. Additional dopamine infusion further significantly improved cardiac performance. The net effect of insulin and dopamine in combination as compared with dopamine alone was a significantly greater increase in stroke volume and cardiac output due to a more pronounced decrease in total peripheral resistance. Dopamine increased arterial concentrations and myocardial uptake of free fatty acids (FFA). The net metabolic effect of insulin and dopamine in combination as compared with dopamine alone was a shift in myocardial substrate uptake from FFA to carbohydrates.
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PMID:Hemodynamic and metabolic effects of dopamine and insulin during acute left ventricular failure in dogs. 242 68

In the open chest dog model, the response of the left ventricle exposed to acute mechanical hypertension was evaluated while the animals were receiving various concentrations of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane. Myocardial contractility was quantified by the end-systolic pressure-length relation (ESPL). When the mean aortic pressure was increased by 40% above the control value for a given concentration of inhalation agent, the end-diastolic volume increased and thereby maintained stroke work. However, as the end-tidal concentrations of the anesthetics increased, this compensatory mechanism became progressively more ineffective as a result of myocardial depression caused by the anesthetics. No evidence could be found of an improvement in myocardial contractility as the aortic pressure was increased. Mild depression of myocardial contractility could be demonstrated for 1.1 MAC halothane, 0.6 MAC enflurane, and 1.0 MAC isoflurane. Severe depression of contractility occurred at 2.3 MAC halothane, 1.2 MAC enflurane, and 1.5 MAC isoflurane.
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PMID:Response of the heart to acute hypertension during halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane anesthesia. 368 92

Haemodynamic effects of pharmacological doses of insulin during acute ischaemic heart failure were studied in 8 dogs. Severe depression of left ventricular function was induced by the injection of 50 micron plastic microspheres into the left main coronary artery. This was demonstrated by a significant increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and a significant decrease in the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise (LVdP/dtmax), stroke volume and cardiac output. Eighty-five minutes after the embolization procedure, 300 IU of insulin free of glucagon and calcium was injected as a bolus. This was followed by infusion of glucose and potassium to maintain physiological levels of these factors. Five minutes after insulin administration, there was a significant improvement in left ventricular performance as shown by decreased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (P less than 0.01) and increased LVdP/dtmax (P less than 0.01), stroke volume (P less than 0.05) and cardiac output (P less than 0.05). A significant reduction in heart rate occurred. A non-significant increase in mean aortic blood pressure and reduction in total peripheral resistance were seen. In conclusion, pharmacological doses of insulin significantly improve cardiac pump function during acute ischaemic left ventricular failure in dogs.
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PMID:Haemodynamic effects of high doses of insulin during acute left ventricular failure in dogs. 389 50

The aim of the work was to elucidate the relation of depression to the awareness of and attitude to health as well as effect of depression on the risk of acute cardiovascular diseases in women aged 25-64 yr during 16 years. A random representative sample of 870 women residing in Novosibirsk was examined in the framework of MONICA-psychosocial program (WHO) in 1994. The MOPSY test was used for the purpose. All new cases of myocardial infarction and stroke were recorded. The prevalence of depression was estimated at 55.2%. Positive self-evaluation of health decreased as severity of depression increased. Almost 100% of the patients with this condition complained of poor health and were dissatisfied with the care given to improve it. Severe depression is associated with stress experienced at the workplace and in the family; such women rarely keep to the diet and make physical exercises. The relative risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in depressed women during 16 years was 2.53 (p < 0.05) and 4.63 (p < 0.05) higher respectively than in the absence of depression.
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PMID:[The influence of depression on the risk of acute cardiovascular diseases in women]. 2443 51