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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Indented Paragraph reading test has been presented as a useful screening test for identifying hemispatial neglect, as it has been reported to be more sensitive to mild neglect than text with a predictable format (Caplan, 1987). The number of errors made by 42 right hemisphere-damaged stroke subjects on this test was compared with their performance on text with straight margins and unpredictable text, where both right and left margins were irregularly indented. The inter-rater reliability of the paragraphs was checked for 23 subjects. The scores from the three paragraphs were significantly correlated, and all were able to detect mild neglect. Inter-rater reliability was higher when identifying moderate and severe levels of neglect than mild neglect. Performance on the Indented Paragraph was also compared with that on the Star Cancellation and Article Reading subtests of the Behavioural Inattention Test in a separate group of 56 right hemisphere stroke subjects and found to classify patients differently.
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PMID:Use of the Indented Paragraph test with right hemisphere-damaged stroke patients. 202 86

We report a case study of (partial) recovery from left visuo-spatial neglect, followed by progressive deterioration. The patient, A.L., suffered a right-hemisphere stroke with left hemiplegia; over the 6 months post-stroke, the overall course of his neglect was monitored with the Behavioural Inattention Test at approximately monthly intervals. An experimental investigation of multitrial line bisection was also repeated six times and analysed both between and within sessions. The results confirm previous reports of a linear relationship between transection displacements and line length, and also of anomalous crossover with 'right neglect' at 'shorter' length. Both effects are reliable over time in this patient. The most striking finding, however, was 'recovery' within a session of the extended line bisection task. We discuss the theoretical and practical significance of this phenomenon in the context of attentional theories of neglect.
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PMID:Recovery and regression in visuo-spatial neglect: a case study of learning in line bisection. 204 4

A significant association between visual field deficits (VFD) and visuo-spatial neglect is well established, although cases of double-dissociation between the two conditions are not uncommon. It has been argued that VFD typically exacerbates the behavioural manifestations of neglect. We examined a series of 51 patients with unilateral right-hemisphere stroke for the presence of visual field deficit and visuo-spatial neglect. Patients were assigned to the neglect group (N+) or the non-neglect group (N-) on the basis of their aggregate scores on the recently standardised Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT). The association between neglect and VFD was confirmed. Four groups of eight patients (N+, VFD+; N+, VFD-; N-, VFD+; N-, VFD-) were then selected from the initial sample so that they were matched for age, IQ, and days post onset of stroke. Within the neglect groups, the severity of neglect did not differ significantly between those patients with and without VFD; within the non-neglect groups, scores on subtests of the BIT likewise did not differ (with the sole exception of Letter Cancellation) between the VFD+ and the VFD- subgroups. It was concluded that visual field deficits do not exacerbate neglect, and that poor functional recovery in many patients with VFDs is due to the association of sensory loss with the underlying causal factor of neglect.
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PMID:Do visual field deficits exacerbate visuo-spatial neglect? 238 Jul 29

Perceptual and body image disturbances are common sequelae in persons who have had stroke. There is much evidence to substantiate a relationship between impaired perceptual functioning and impaired functioning in activities of daily living (ADL). In regard to body image dysfunction, the linking of unilateral neglect and poor ADL functioning has been widely examined; however, the relationship of other body image disturbances, such as somatoagnosia, to ADL has received little examination. Research on the above relationships are reviewed in this article. The Behavioral Inattention Test and Arnadottir OT-ADL Neurobehavioral Evaluation are discussed as two assessments that determine perceptual and body image dysfunction through ADL. The literature on intervention for perceptual and body image dysfunction in relation to ADL primarily concerns the difference between the restorative and functional retraining approaches and treatment suggestions. Because specific gaps are noted in this area of study, future research ideas are suggested.
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PMID:Relation of perceptual and body image dysfunction to activities of daily living of persons after stroke. 764 68

Ten patients with left-sided visuospatial neglect due to cerebrovascular accident were monitored using the Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT) at weekly intervals, on a long-term basis. The novel finding was that some patients showed occasional but transitory marked improvement in their visuospatial neglect at times producing a normal score. This spontaneous phenomenon was evidenced by the patient cancelling sections or the entire block of left-sided targets, without any additional cues or prompts. Such episodes indicate that, in this small group of patients, visuospatial neglect is not necessarily irrevocable, at least for simple stimuli.
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PMID:Brief remission periods in visuospatial neglect: evidence from long-term follow-up. 803 40

Feedback of eye movements was evaluated as a treatment for visual neglect in right hemisphere stroke patients. Patients with visual neglect identified on the Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT) were randomly allocated to two groups. One group (n = 9) was treated for 2 h 40 min a week for 4 weeks, by wearing glasses which provided a reminder bleep if patients failed to move their eyes to the left in a 15 s interval. The control group (n = 9) received no treatment for their visual inattention. Comparison of the groups after 4 weeks treatment and a further 4 weeks follow-up showed no significant difference either in eye movements or on the BIT. However, there was a trend towards a difference between eye movements in the two groups at 8 weeks, suggesting treatment may have influenced eye movements without changing neglect.
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PMID:The treatment of visual neglect using feedback of eye movements: a pilot study. 857 2

Unilateral visual neglect occurs frequently after right-hemisphere stroke. This longitudinal study assessed the performance pattern of 54 individuals with unilateral right-hemisphere stroke on the Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT), a measure of unilateral neglect. Eighteen subjects returned for retesting between 6-26 months post-onset. Results confirmed the frequent occurrence of unilateral visual neglect in patients with right-hemisphere damage. A high correlation was found between the Conventional and Behavioural Subtests of the BIT, indicating that the shorter subtest may be sufficient to identify neglect. Longitudinal data revealed two subgroups, those with transient neglect that resolved within 6 months and those with neglect that persisted over time. No differences in aetiology and lesion location distinguished patients with and without neglect or patients with transient or persistent neglect. Further research is needed to confirm these results and identify other characteristics that would predict the nature of the neglect.
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PMID:Unilateral visual neglect in right-hemisphere stroke: a longitudinal study. 1142 88

Hemispatial neglect affects the ability to explore space on the side opposite a brain lesion. This deficit is also mirrored in abnormal saccadic eye movement patterns. The present study investigated if the recovery of neglect is also reflected in saccadic eye movements. Patient AF, who displayed strong hemispatial neglect 1 month post-right thalamic stroke, had largely recovered 3 months later when tested on visual exploration tasks of the Behavioural Inattention Test. At this stage, AF was tested on a visual search task while his eye movements (direction, latencies and amplitudes of first saccades) and manual reaction times were recorded. The experimental conditions differed with respect to stimulus number and distracter type and increased in difficulty. AF correctly generated saccades into the neglected field when the target was presented alone. In contrast, a considerable left/right difference was present for all multiple-stimulus search displays. Although recovered from neglect in standardized assessment, AF showed a strong rightward bias resulting in highly asymmetric response times and eye movement behaviour. We conclude that eye movement patterns are far more susceptible to remaining spatial impairments and can thus provide a sensitive means to assess the extent of neglect recovery.
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PMID:First saccades reveal biases in recovered neglect. 1222 Nov 43

Thirty-four patients with right hemispheric cerebrovascular accident and 31 control subjects were examined with a new picture scanning task, the Two Part Picture, as well as with two picture scanning tasks and conventional tests from the Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT). The sensitivity of these tasks in detecting visuospatial neglect was evaluated, and compared to conventional neglect tests. The three pictures varied markedly in their ability to identify neglect. The Two Part Picture was clearly the most sensitive picture scanning task, also showing high agreement with the conventional tests of the BIT. The Two Part Picture is recommended as a useful detector for screening of visuospatial neglect.
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PMID:The two part picture in detection of visuospatial neglect. 1285 10

Lateralized spatial biases after brain damage are commonly assessed using batteries of paper-and-pencil tests. These tests hardly allow quantification of performance in different locations in space, and they tend to lose sensitivity along the course of recovery. We tested the dynamic Starry Night Test (SNT), a novel computerized test measuring reaction time and detection accuracy for visual target stimuli in a dynamic background, in 32 inpatients with right hemisphere stroke (RHS), 16 patients with left hemisphere stroke (LHS), and 9 healthy controls. As a group, only the RHS patients were significantly slower to respond to contralesional targets. Individually, 21 (66%) RHS patients and 5 (31%) LHS patients showed statistically significant contralateral deficits. In a number of RHS patients the SNT was more sensitive to the ipsilesional bias of spatial attention than the Behavioral Inattention Test (BIT), a standardized paper-and-pencil test battery of unilateral spatial neglect. Two illustrative case reports show that the dynamic SNT, but not the BIT, was sensitive to the spatial deficit in recovered patients, one of whom was involved in repeated car accidents. The SNT overcomes serious shortcomings of paper-and-pencil tests of unilateral neglect. It provides a simple quantitative tool for monitoring the natural and treatment-induced recovery of patients.
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PMID:Assessment of spatial attention after brain damage with a dynamic reaction time test. 1624 5


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