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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) commonly designates visual hallucinations (VH) occurring in visually impaired patients. However, there is no consensual definition. The existence of an ophthalmic disease and the absence of cognitive impairment are mandatory or not according to the proposed diagnostic criteria. CBS affects 12 to 15% of visually impaired patients. VH are often repetitive and stereotyped, elementary or complex, involving human figures in most cases. The patients had full insight of the unrealistic character of their VH. The main risk factors are old age and severe visual impairment. Functional imagery studies showed that the VH of SCB correlate with cerebral activity in ventral extrastriate visual cortex and that the hallucinations reflect the functional specializations of this region. This activity could represent release phenomena due to deafferentation of the visual associative cortical areas. No systematic therapeutic trial has been performed. Anticonvulsivant drugs may help in some instances. However, reassurance and explanations are sufficient in most cases. The VH in the hemianopic field after a stroke probably share pathophysiologic mechanisms with CBS. Finally, visual impairment appear as a non specific risk factor for VH in some conditions such as late paraphrenia and some neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease.
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PMID:[Visual hallucinations: the Charles Bonnet syndrome]. 1568 48

We present a case of a patient with Anton's syndrome (i.e., visual anosognosia with confabulations), who developed bilateral occipital lobe infarct. Bilateral occipital brain damage results in blindness, and patients start to confabulate to fill in the missing sensory input. In addition, the patient occasionally becomes agitated and talks to himself, which indicates that, besides Anton's syndrome, he might have had Charles Bonnet syndrome, characterized by both visual loss and hallucinations. Anton syndrome, is not so frequent condition and is most commonly caused by ischemic stroke. In this particular case, the patient had successive bilateral occipital ischemia as a result of massive stenoses of head and neck arteries.
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PMID:Anton's Syndrome due to Bilateral Ischemic Occipital Lobe Strokes. 2553 Aug 93

A 30-year-old man presented with new onset severe headache and homonymous hemianopia, with a subsequent seizure, on a background of a right parietal astrocytoma resected at age 5 with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed post-surgical and radiotherapy changes only and a clinical diagnosis of Stroke-like Migraine Attacks after Radiation Therapy (SMART) syndrome was made. Vision subsequently recovered gradually over a 6-week period, however, during the recovery phase he reported well formed hallucinations in the affected hemi-field consisting of small mammals, particularly possums, which gradually became less distinct as vision recovered; a phenomenon which was felt likely to represent the Charles Bonnet syndrome.
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PMID:Rare and rarer: co-occurrence of stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy and Charles Bonnet syndromes. 3032 40