Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of parkinson's disease starting 7 yrs. ago in 1993 with 2 episodes of mania is presented. The 1st episode (1993) was of 1-1/2 months duration, when early parkinsons symptoms had already set in. This was treated with anti-psychotic medications for a month, the picture was complicated with stroke and post-stroke sequlae for 5-6 months, where anti-psychotics were continued. He developed dyskinesia, when antipsychotics were stopped. The patient was on selegiline for Parkinson's disease for 2 years and off all medications subsequently. The 2nd episode of mania occurred after 7 years in January 2000. This episode of mania lasting for 2 months duration was treated with divalproate sodium and I-dopa for Parkinson's. Treatment emergent dyskinesia had to be treated with Clozapine. This unusual combination of bipolar-l disorer (2 episodes of mania) with Parkinson's disease and treatment emergent dyskinesia is presented with management strategy.
 ...
PMID:Mania in Parkinson's disease with treatment emergent dyskineisa : a case report. 2140 84

Post-stroke mania is a rare neuropsychiatric complication that is observed in less than 1% cases of stroke and is less common than depression. Growing evidence suggests that it may be associated with the specific regions of the brain, preexisting subcortical atrophy, a family history of mood disorders, and chronic vascular burden. However, the development of bipolar disorder after stroke is uncommon in a patient with chronic major depression. In this report, we present the case of an elderly woman with depression and chronic vascular burden; she experienced her first episode of mania after a lacunar infarct on the right side and the withdrawal of antidepressant therapy.
 ...
PMID:Post-stroke mania precipitated by withdrawal of antidepressant in an elderly patient with chronic major depression. 2160 29

Stroke is rarely reported as one of the organic brain disorders which could give rise to secondary mania. This report describes a case of secondary mania following right fronto-parietal infarction.
 ...
PMID:Secondary mania following stroke. 2174 64

A 55-year-old woman presented with sudden onset of left-sided body weakness and numbness, which was diagnosed as multifocal cerebral infarct with right thalamic bleed. She had concurrent hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. She suffered from central poststroke pain and reactive depression as poststroke complications, for which amitriptyline was prescribed. Unfortunately, she developed symptoms suggestive of mania and psychosis upon initiation of medications, which resolved upon withdrawal of amitriptyline. Amitriptyline is effective for treatment of poststroke pain and particularly useful in concomitant depression. Unexpectedly, this patient developed new psychopathologies after initiation of this medication. This case highlights the development of new psychopathologies that could be due to the antidepressant, underlying bipolar disorder or a complication of the stroke itself. Primary care providers need to actively enquire regarding neuropsychiatric symptoms because they can adversely affect the patient's quality of life as well as impede rehabilitation efforts.
 ...
PMID:Neuropsychiatric manifestation after a stroke: newly developed symptoms or side-effect of drug? 2290 54

Magnetic stimulation has called the attention of neuroscientists and the public due to the possibility to stimulate and "control" the nervous system in a non-invasive way. It has helped to make more accurate diagnosis, and apply more effective treatments and rehabilitation protocols in several diseases that affect the nervous system. Likewise, this novel tool has increased our knowledge about complex neural behavior, its connections as well as its plastic modulation. Magnetic stimulation applied in simple or paired-pulse protocols is a useful alternative in the diagnosis of diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease, epilepsy, dystonia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebrovascular disease, and sleep disorders. From the therapeutic perspective, magnetic stimulation applied repetitively has been found useful, with different degrees of efficacy, in treating resistant depression, tinnitus, psychogenic dysphonia, Alzheimer disease, autism, Parkinson disease, dystonia, stroke, epilepsy, generalized anxiety as well as post traumatic stress disorder, auditory hallucinations, chronic pain, aphasias, obsessive-compulsive disorders, L-dopa induced dyskynesia, mania and Rasmussen syndrome, among others. The potential of magnetic stimulation in neurorehabilitation is outstanding, with excellent range of safety and, in practical terms, without side effects.
 ...
PMID:[Present and future of the transcranial magnetic stimulation]. 2378 15

Changes in socio-emotional behavior and conduct, which are characteristic symptoms of frontal lobe damage, have less often been described in patients with focal subcortical injuries. We report on a case of pathological generosity secondary to a left lenticulocapsular stroke with hypoperfusion of several anatomically intact cortical areas. A 49-year-old man developed excessive and persistent generosity as he recovered from a left lenticulocapsular hematoma. His symptoms resembled an impulse control disorder. (99m)Tc-HMPAO SPECT demonstrated hypoperfusion mostly in the ipsilateral striatum, dorsolateral, and orbitofrontal cortex. This case study adds pathological generosity to the range of behavioral changes that may result from discrete unilateral lesions of the lenticular nucleus and nearby pathways. In our particular case, post-stroke pathological generosity was not ascribable to disinhibition, apathy, mania, or depression. Because pathological generosity may lead to significant distress and financial burden upon patients and their families, it may warrant further consideration as a potential type of impulse control disorder.
...
PMID:Pathological generosity: an atypical impulse control disorder after a left subcortical stroke. 2396 63

Antiretroviral drugs are associated with a variety of adverse effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems. The frequency and severity of neuropsychiatric adverse events is highly variable, with differences between the antiretroviral classes and amongst the individual drugs in each class. In the developing world, where the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) stavudine remains a commonly prescribed antiretroviral, peripheral neuropathy is an important complication of treatment. Importantly, this clinical entity is often difficult to distinguish from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced peripheral neuropathy. Several clinical trials have addressed the efficacy of various agents in the treatment of NRTI-induced neurotoxicity. NRTI-induced neurotoxicity is caused by inhibition of mitochondrial DNA polymerase. This mechanism is also responsible for the mitochondrial myopathy and lactic acidosis that occur with zidovudine. NRTIs, particularly zidovudine and abacavir, may also cause central nervous system (CNS) manifestations, including mania and psychosis. The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) efavirenz is perhaps the antiretroviral most commonly associated with CNS toxicity, causing insomnia, irritability and vivid dreams. Recent studies have suggested that the risk of developing these adverse effects is increased in patients with various cytochrome P450 2B6 alleles. Protease inhibitors cause perioral paraesthesias and may indirectly increase the relative risk of stroke by promoting atherogenesis. HIV integrase inhibitors, C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) inhibitors and fusion inhibitors rarely cause neuropsychiatric manifestations.
 ...
PMID:Neurological and psychiatric adverse effects of antiretroviral drugs. 2436 68

The most common neuropsychiatric outcomes of stroke are depression, anxiety, fatigue, and apathy, which each occur in at least 30% of patients and have substantial overlap of prevalence and symptoms. Emotional lability, personality changes, psychosis, and mania are less common but equally distressing symptoms that are also challenging to manage. The cause of these syndromes is not known, and there is no clear relation to location of brain lesion. There are important gaps in knowledge about how to manage these disorders, even for depression, which is the most studied syndrome. Further research is needed to identify causes and interventions to prevent and treat these disorders.
...
PMID:Neuropsychiatric outcomes of stroke. 2545 53

A person's self-evaluation influences purposeful activity undertaken in the situation of illness. It is observed in neurological patients that limited self-awareness disturbs rehabilitation. The goal of the study was to investigate select dimensions of emotional state, the relationship between anxiety and emotional state, and the level of insight into emotional state in patients at different time periods after cerebral vascular accidents (CVAs). Sixty-five patients with short (n = 36) or long (n = 29) time periods following a stroke participated in this study. The patients' relatives (n = 65) evaluated their emotional functioning. The modified Neuropsychology Behavior and Affect Profile (NBAP; Nelson, Satz, & D'Elia, 1994 ) and State and Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered. Compared groups differed significantly in self-reporting and in relatives' reports on the NBAP scales. Patients with short and long time periods after stroke did not differ in terms of mania, indifference, depression, or inappropriateness. Significant positive moderate correlations between anxiety and depression were found in both groups. In the group with a long time period after CVA, ratings of depression, mania, indifference, and inappropriateness among patients with right-hemisphere damage were significantly correlated with their relatives' ratings. Biological and psychological factors determining emotional state and adequacy of patients' self-evaluations have also been discussed.
 ...
PMID:Assessment of select dimensions of patients' emotional functioning at different time periods after stroke. 2482 1

Mood disorders following acute stroke are relatively common. However, restlessness with manic episodes has rarely been reported. Lesions responsible for post-stroke mania can be located in the thalamus, caudate nucleus, and temporal and frontal lobes. We present a patient who exhibited restlessness with manic episodes after an acute infarction in the right parietal lobe, and summarize the case reports involving post-stroke mania. The right parietal stroke causing mania in our case is a novel observation that may help us to understand the mechanisms underlying restlessness with mania following acute stroke.
...
PMID:Restlessness with Manic Episodes due to Right Parietal Infarction. 2486 76


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>