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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cerebellar infarction is an important cause of stroke that often presents with common and non-specific symptoms such as dizziness, nausea and vomiting, unsteady gait, and headache. Accurate diagnosis frequently relies on careful attention to patients' coordination, gait, and eye movements--components of the neurological physical examination that are sometimes omitted or abridged if cerebellar stroke is not specifically being considered. The differential diagnosis is broad, and includes many common and benign causes. Furthermore, early-stage posterior fossa ischaemia is rarely seen with brain CT--the most commonly available initial imaging test that is used for stroke. Insufficient examination and imaging can result in misdiagnosis. However, early correct diagnosis is crucial to help prevent treatable but potentially fatal complications, such as brainstem compression and obstructive hydrocephalus. The identification and treatment of the underlying vascular lesions at an early stage can also prevent subsequent occurrences of stroke and improve patients' outcomes. Here, we review the clinical presentation of cerebellar infarction, from diagnosis and misdiagnosis to patients' monitoring, treatment, and potential complications.
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PMID:Diagnosis and initial management of cerebellar infarction. 1884 14

Cerebellar stroke is a common cause of a vascular vestibular syndrome. Although vertigo ascribed to cerebellar stroke is usually associated with other neurological symptoms or signs, it may mimic acute peripheral vestibulopathy (APV), so called pseudo-APV. The most common pseudo-APV is a cerebellar infarction in the territory of the medial branch of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). Recent studies have shown that a normal head impulse result can differentiate acute medial PICA infarction from APV. Therefore, physicians who evaluate stroke patients should be trained to perform and interpret the results of the head impulse test. Cerebellar infarction in the territory of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) can produce a unique stroke syndrome in that it is typically accompanied by unilateral hearing loss, which could easily go unnoticed by patients. The low incidence of vertigo associated with infarction involving the superior cerebellar artery distribution may be a useful way of distinguishing it clinically from PICA or AICA cerebellar infarction in patients with acute vertigo and limb ataxia. For the purpose of prompt diagnosis and adequate treatment, it is imperative to recognize the characteristic patterns of the clinical presentation of each cerebellar stroke syndrome. This paper provides a concise review of the key features of cerebellar stroke syndromes from the neuro-otology viewpoint.
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PMID:Neuro-otological aspects of cerebellar stroke syndrome. 1958 12

Cerebellar infarction accounts for about 3.4% of all ischemic strokes. Cerebellar syndromes are principally characterized by cerebellar symptoms and signs which depend on the involved vascular territories. In the Perugia Stroke Registry, infarct areas have included the superior cerebellar artery region in 36% of patients, the anterior inferior cerebellar artery region in 12%, and the posterior inferior cerebellar artery region in 40%; 12% of patients have had multiple vascular region involvement. 50% of the patients have had concurrent brainstem infarcts. Cerebellar hemorrhage accounts for about 10% of all intracranial hemorrhages and about 10% of all cerebellar strokes. Both stroke types can be worsened by complications due to a significant mass effect and brainstem compression. These events can lead to clinical deterioration which induces stupor and coma with a very high fatality rate.
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PMID:Cerebellar infarcts and hemorrhages. 2237 89

Cerebellar infarction presents with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and dizziness and thus mimics benign conditions such as viral gastroenteritis or labyrinthitis, which constitutes a good proportion of patients seen in the emergency department. A physician is often faced with the task of identifying the few cases in which cerebellar stroke is the underlying cause instead. In-depth knowledge of the signs and symptoms of cerebellar infarction is therefore essential. Large infarctions or the ones with hemorrhagic conversion can lead to tissue swelling and complications such as obstructive hydrocephalus and brainstem compression. This article summarizes the current multidisciplinary approach to cerebellar stroke.
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PMID:Cerebellar infarction. 2543 92