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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The twelve Mycoplasma species known to glide on solid surfaces all lack surface flagella or pili, and no genes homologous to known motility systems have been found in the five genomes sequenced to date. Recent studies on the fastest of these species, M. mobile, examined novel proteins involved in the gliding mechanism, binding targets on the solid surfaces, energy sources and mechanical characteristics of the movements. Accordingly, I propose a working model for the gliding mechanism, called the centipede (power stroke) model, in which the 'leg' proteins repeat a cycle of binding to and release from the solid surface, using energy from ATP. Another 'inchworm model' suggested from the structural studies of a human pathogen, M. pneumoniae, is also discussed.
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PMID:Centipede and inchworm models to explain Mycoplasma gliding. 1808 32

The central nervous system's involvement is the most common reported extra-pulmonary manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, and stroke was one of the most special situations. We presented a 4-year-old child who presented with acute stroke on the third day of the onset of Mycoplasma respiratory tract infection. Brain magnetic resonance angiography demonstrated that occlusion of bilateral internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries above the level of the first cervical vertebrate which is not been reported previously.
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PMID:Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated cerebral infarction in a child. 1920 83

Cerebral artery occlusion in childhood, particularly in the posterior circulation, is a rare neurological complication of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. A genetic defect in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene could result in hyperhomocysteinemia and increased risk of stroke. We report a patient with posterior cerebral artery occlusion after Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection associated with a homozygous, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutant type.
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PMID:Posterior cerebral artery occlusion after Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection associated with genetic defect of MTHFR C677T. 1961 62

Extrapulmonary manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae are well described, including a subset of central nervous system (CNS)-associated syndromes. In pediatric populations, frequencies of CNS sequelae occur in 0.1% to 7% of patients. Neurologic illness associated with M. pneumoniae, such as meningitis, encephalitis, polyradiculitis, Guillain-Barre, and stroke have been reported; however, the incidence of M. pneumoniae-associated organic brain syndrome is rare. We present the case of a 20-year-old midshipman with acute psychosis following resolution of M. pneumoniae pneumonia and review 6 other adult cases found in the literature. M. pneumoniae remains one of the most common causes of respiratory illnesses in the military recruit setting and therefore should always be suspected as an organic cause of mental status changes in young persons such as recruits, cadets, and midshipmen particularly with antecedent respiratory illnesses.
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PMID:Psychosis following mycoplasma pneumonia. 1978 Mar 79

We report a case of a 68-year-old man with classical triad, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia in uncommon context. Our patient presented initial symptoms during radiation therapy for prostate cancer. After elimination of brainstem stroke and carcinomatous meningitidis by his general physician, he was referred with a provisional diagnosis of Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS). The main characteristics of this case of MFS were uncommon: antecedent illness of urinary tract infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, presence of high titres of IgG antibodies directed against Mycoplasma pneumoniae, CSF pleocytosis and intrathecal IgG synthesis, serum and CSF monoclonal IgG in a monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The serum and CSF immunological marker of MFS was a monoclonal IgG antibody targeting the ganglioside GQ1b with abundant expression on oculomotor nerves.
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PMID:[Miller-Fisher syndrome associated with monoclonal IgG lambda antibodies against ganglioside GQ1b]. 2047 81

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the most common agents causing respiratory disease in children. The most common extra-pulmonary manifestations of M. pneumoniae include central nervous system involvement, with stroke being an uncommon but devastating consequence. We present a 13-year-old girl with severe respiratory disease requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, who developed ischemic stroke associated with clinical and serologic evidence of M. pneumoniae. A case of M. pneumoniae causing this degree of respiratory failure associated with stroke has not been previously reported. Prompt recognition of severe mycoplasmal infection may allow for earlier treatment and concomitant evaluation of neurologic injury.
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PMID:Severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with concomitant ischemic stroke in a child. 2246 15

We report the case of a 33-year-old man with a brainstem infarction due to concomitant occlusions in the left internal carotid, both vertebral, and basilar arteries. The patient had experienced a severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection about 10 months prior to symptom onset, and his Mycoplasma antibody titre was positive when the stroke occurred. Despite performing meticulous neurological, vascular, and medical evaluations, we were unable to detect other possible causes of the stroke. Therefore, the multiple occlusions in the major cerebral arteries of our patient were concluded to be related to M. pneumoniae infection.
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PMID:Multiple cerebral arterial occlusions related to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. 2294 90

Mycoplasmas, which have been shown to be the causative pathogens in recent human pneumonia epidemics, bind to solid surfaces and glide in the direction of the membrane protrusion at a pole. During gliding, the legs of the mycoplasma catch, pull, and release sialylated oligosaccharides fixed on a solid surface. Sialylated oligosaccharides are major structures on animal cell surfaces and are sometimes targeted by pathogens, such as influenza virus. In the present study, we analyzed the inhibitory effects of 16 chemically synthesized sialylated compounds on the gliding and binding of Mycoplasma mobile and Mycoplasma pneumoniae and concluded the following. (i) The recognition of sialylated oligosaccharide by mycoplasma legs proceeds in a "lock-and-key" fashion, with the binding affinity dependent on structural differences among the sialylated compounds examined. (ii) The binding of the leg and the sialylated oligosaccharide is cooperative, with Hill constants ranging from 2 to 3. (iii) Mycoplasma legs may generate a drag force after a stroke, because the gliding speed decreased and pivoting motion occurred more frequently when the number of working legs was reduced by the addition of free sialylated compounds.
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PMID:Role of binding in Mycoplasma mobile and Mycoplasma pneumoniae gliding analyzed through inhibition by synthesized sialylated compounds. 2312 13

We report a case of a 5-year-old girl who developed left hemiparesis and left facial palsy, 6 days after the initiation of fever and respiratory symptoms due to pneumonia. Chest radiography, conducted upon admission, showed pneumonic infiltration and pleural effusion in the left lung field. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed acute ischemic infarction in the right middle cerebral artery territory. Brain magnetic resonance angiography and transfemoral cerebral angiography revealed complete occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was identified by a 4-fold increase in IgG antibodies to M. pneumoniae between acute and convalescent sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fibrinogen and D-dimer levels were elevated, while laboratory exams in order to identify other predisposing factors of pediatric stroke were all negative. This is the first reported pediatric case in English literature of a M. pneumoniae-associated cerebral infarction involving complete occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery.
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PMID:Complete occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. 2718 23

Our objective is to present a case of an uncommon complication associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a child where cortical blindness was the main clinical feature. Stroke due to an infection by M. pneumoniae is very uncommon. No consensus has been reached on the pathogenesis, although several pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed. Occlusion of posterior cerebral circulation is the most uncommon central nervous system complication of M. pneumoniae infection being reported. Symptoms are usually hemiplegia and dysarthria. We report a case of a 6-year-old boy who suffered cortical blindness due to a stroke 2 days after M. pneumoniae infection. This is the first case of documented cortical blindness due to posterior cerebral arteries occlusion in children after M. pneumoniae infection.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017 Jan
PMID:Cortical Blindness in a Child Secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection. 2778 54


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