Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of rhombencephalitis with meningitis in a 36-years-old previously healthy man; neurological signs and symptoms were initially consistent with a diagnosis of Wallenberg syndrome. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid showed predominantly lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein levels. A CT brain scan was normal. MRI of the brain showed a hypertensive type lesion in T2, in the right pontomedullary region that suggested inflammation. A blood culture grew Listeria monocytogenes. The patient improved and fully recovered with appropriate antibiotic treatment. Listeria monocytogenes is a recognized cause of acute brainstem meningoencephalitis. Differential diagnoses that must be considered are other forms of purulent meningitis, viral meningoencephalitis, granulomatosis infections of the central nervous system and, occasionally, stroke.
 ...
PMID:[Wallenberg syndrome as a sign of rhombencephalitis-meningitis due to Listeria monocytogenes]. 855 85

From 1991 to 1997 at the I Clinic of Infectious Diseases of Silesian Medical Academy in Bytom 123 patients with purulent, bacterial meningoencephalitis were treated. Mortality in the analysed group was 28.5% (35 cases). In the course of disease various complications were observed: seizures (43.1% cases), ischaemic stroke (2.4% cases), brain abscess (4.1%). Permanent consequences subsequent to the disease were found in 16.3% cases: deafness and partial deafness, psychic disorders, paresis and paralysis, epilepsy and cranial nerves paralysis. Bacterial infections of the central nervous system are still danger diseases producing high lethality, complications and subsequent neurological sequelae.
 ...
PMID:[Complications and sequelae of the purulent, bacterial meningoencephalitis in the material from the 1st Clinic of Infectious Diseases of Silesian Medical Academy in Bytom in the years 1991-1997]. 1032 Oct 93

A case of acute ischaemic stroke in a woman aged 49 years during sepsis and purulent, bacterial meningoencephalitis was described. Diagnosis was based on clinical examination and repeatedly CT scans. Attention is called to diagnostic difficulties in this complication of central nervous system bacterial infections.
 ...
PMID:[Ischemic stroke during sepsis and bacterial meningoencephalitis: a case report]. 1040 69

The diagnostic approach to the patient with cancer with suspected CNS infection depends on an analysis of the patient's immune defect, the time course of development of manifestations of infection, and the type of clinical syndrome with supportive evidence for a specific diagnosis coming from laboratory and neuroradiographic data. Most patients with CNS infections can be grouped into those with signs of meningitis or meningoencephalitis and those with focal mass lesions. A smaller group presents with stroke-like onset. Except for the group with strokes, those with focal deficits usually present in a more indolent fashion, whereas those with meningitis and encephalitis present more acutely [63]. Patients with B-lymphocyte dysfunction are susceptible to encapsulated bacterial pathogens. Patients with T-lymphocyte impairment develop CNS infections that are caused by intracellular pathogens, particularly viruses (HSV, JC, CMV, HHV-6), Nocardia, Aspergillus, and Toxoplasma. Many noninfectious entities, such as drug treatment complications, radiation effects, recurrent tumor, and paraneoplastic syndromes, can mimic CNS infections. Although cryptococcosis, bacterial meningitis, and some viral infections are easily diagnosed from Gram's stain, culture, or PCR, patients with mass lesions may require tissue biopsy to confirm diagnosis. Patients with cancer differ from normal hosts in the distribution of pathogens, and there is a wider range of differential diagnostic issues, both infectious and noninfectious, for the relatively few clinical syndromes that present as potential CNS infections.
 ...
PMID:Nervous system infections in patients with cancer. 1269 Jun 50

The etiology of stroke in young patients is often unknown. Although systemic infections as well as specific infection agents, like herpes zoster virus or cysticercus, are often considered as risk factors, there are no indications that herpes simplex type 1 plays a role in the pathogenesis of stroke. We present the case of a young patient who suffered a stroke during a meningoencephalitis due to herpes simplex 1 and we review the relevant literature for a possible relation between the two entities.
 ...
PMID:[Ischemic stroke and herpes simplex virus type-1 associated meningoencephalitis]. 1526 79

Stroke etiologies in childhood differ from those in adulthood. While in children, congenital and acquired heart diseases and sickle cell anemia (SCA) are commonly seen causes, atherosclerosis is the main cause in adults. In this study, 39 children admitted to our hospital with ischemic stroke were evaluated according to etiologic factors and treatment regimens with comparison to the literature. Congenital-acquired heart disease and central nervous system infections (meningoencephalitis) were the most common causes in our series. Only one patient had dual pathology. As a result, cardiologic and infectious causes appeared to be the most important etiologic factors, especially in our region. Furthermore, etiologic factors rather than treatment used may play an important role in stroke recurrence.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of 39 children with stroke regarding etiologic risk factors and treatment. 1605 49

Despite the availability of effective antibiotics, mortality and morbidity rates associated with bacterial meningitis are high. Studies in animals have shown that bacterial lysis, induced by treatment with antibiotics, leads to inflammation in the subarachnoid space, which might contribute to an unfavorable outcome. The management of adults with bacterial meningitis can be complex, and common complications include meningoencephalitis, systemic compromise, stroke and raised intracranial pressure. Various adjunctive therapies have been described to improve outcome in such patients, including anti-inflammatory agents, anticoagulant therapies, and strategies to reduce intracranial pressure. Although a recent randomized trial provided evidence in favor of dexamethasone treatment, few randomized clinical studies are available for other adjunctive therapies in adults with bacterial meningitis. This review briefly summarizes the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of bacterial meningitis, and focuses on the evidence for and against use of the available adjunctive therapies in clinical practice.
 ...
PMID:Drug Insight: adjunctive therapies in adults with bacterial meningitis. 1693 15

Chickenpox is a common infection of childhood. Central nervous system complications, such as cerebellar ataxia and meningoencephalitis, are estimated to occur in less than 1% of cases of chickenpox. Although transverse myelitis and hemiplegia have also, although rarely, been reported, hemiplegia associated with chickenpox and elevated anticardiolipin antibody has not been reported in the literature. We report the case of a 2.5-year-old boy who developed a right hemiplegia 3 weeks after the onset of a primary varicella infection. The serum level of anticardiolipin antibody IgG was markedly elevated. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an infarction involving the left globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, and posterior leg of the internal capsule. Laboratory studies ruled out all known causes of stroke. Neurologic signs and symptoms slowly improved with supportive treatment. Varicella infection should be considered one of the possible causes of acute ischemic strokes in children. Usually, two or more risk factors are detected in children with ischemic strokes, and we suggest that all possible causes of strokes be investigated in children with ischemic strokes.
 ...
PMID:Acute childhood hemiplegia associated with chickenpox and elevated anticardiolipin antibody. 1700 7

The usual clinical expression of neuromeningeal cryptococcosis is a meningoencephalitis. We report two cases of neurocryptococcosis which have been revealed by an unusual clinical aspect: an ischemic stroke with a vasculitis mechanism. The two patients had a positive reaction for the HIV and we discussed the responsibility of the HIV or the Cryptococcus in the occurrence of the cerebral infarct.
 ...
PMID:[Two cases of cryptococcal meningitis revealed by an ischemic stroke]. 1740 86

We reviewed the clinical manifestations and outcome of 20 cases of neurobrocellosis out of 1375 patients with brucellosis admitted to the infectious diseases ward of a tertiary hospital in Hamedan, Islamic Republic of Iran. Of the 20 cases, 12 had meningitis (acute and subacute), 4 had meningoencephalitis, 2 had myelopathy, 1 had polyradiculopathy and 1 had meningovascular complications manifested by stroke. The most prevalent symptoms were headache (75%), vomiting and fever (50%) and unconsciousness (35%). Among 20 neurobrucellosis patients, 1 died and the other 19 recovered; 14 fully recovered and 5 patients had residual neurological deficits. In endemic areas, the disease should be ruled out in all patients who develop unexplained neurological symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Neurobrucellosis: report of a rare disease in 20 Iranian patients referred to a tertiary hospital. 1946 37


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>