Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Most frequently encountered causes of intractable pain and intractable medical problems, including headache, post-herpetic neuralgia, tinnitus with hearing difficulty, brachial essential hypertension, cephalic hypertension and hypotension, arrhythmia, stroke, osteo-arthritis, Minamata disease, Alzheimer's disease and neuromuscular problems, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and cancer are often found to be due to co-existence of 1) viral or bacterial infection, 2) localized microcirculatory disturbances, 3) localized deposits of heavy metals, such as lead or mercury, in affected areas of the body, 4) with or without additional harmful environmental electro-magnetic or electric fields from household electrical devices in close vicinity, which create microcirculatory disturbances and reduced acetylcholine. The main reason why medications known to be effective prove ineffective with intractable medical problems, the authors found, is that even effective medications often cannot reach these affected areas in sufficient therapeutic doses, even though the medications can reach the normal parts of the body and result in side effects when doses are excessive. These conditions are often difficult to treat or may be considered incurable in both Western and Oriental medicine. As solutions to these problems, the authors found some of the following methods can improve circulation and selectively enhance drug uptake: 1) Acupuncture, 2) Low pulse repetition rate electrical stimulation (1-2 pulses/second), 3) (+) Qi Gong energy, 4) Soft lasers using Ga-As diode laser or He-Ne gas laser, 5) Certain electro-magnetic fields or rapidly changing or moving electric or magnetic fields, 6) Heat or moxibustion, 7) Individually selected Calcium Channel Blockers, 8) Individually selected Oriental herb medicines known to reduce or eliminate circulatory disturbances. Each method has advantages and limitations and therefore the individually optimal method has to be selected. Applications of (+) Qi Gong energy stored paper or cloth every 4 hours, along with effective medications, were often found to be effective, as Qigongnized materials can often be used repeatedly, as long as they are not exposed to rapidly changing electric, magnetic or electro-magnetic fields. Application of (+) Qi Gong energy-stored paper or cloth, soft laser or changing electric field for 30-60 seconds on the area above the medulla oblongata, vertebral arteries or endocrine representation area at the tail of pancreas reduced or eliminated microcirculatory disturbances and enhanced drug uptake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Common factors contributing to intractable pain and medical problems with insufficient drug uptake in areas to be treated, and their pathogenesis and treatment: Part I. Combined use of medication with acupuncture, (+) Qi gong energy-stored material, soft laser or electrical stimulation. 135 50

The association between dental infections and cerebral infarction was investigated in a case-control study involving 40 patients with ischaemic cerebral infarction under the age of 50, and 40 randomly selected community controls matched for sex and age. Poor oral health, as assessed by two indices measuring the severity of infections of teeth and periodontium, or by the presence of subgingival calculus or the presence of suppuration in the gingival pockets, were more common in male patients than in male controls, but no difference was observed in females. If severe dental infections were combined with other probable bacterial infections there were altogether 16 patients (40%) but only two controls (5%) who had suffered from a probable bacterial infection within 1 month or at the time of the stroke or when examined as a control (P less than 0.01). Our results suggest an association between bacterial infection and ischaemic cerebrovascular disease in patients under 50 years of age. Severe chronic dental infection seems to be an important type of infection associated with cerebral infarction in males.
 ...
PMID:Dental infections in association with cerebral infarction in young and middle-aged men. 270

We performed a prospective, controlled study of kinetic therapy in acute, severe stroke. This therapy involved continuous mobilization of a bedridden patient by means of a specially designed rotating bed. All patients with acute stroke presenting to the Neurology Service over an 18-month period were screened, and those that qualified were assigned to confinement in either a routine hospital bed or a rotating bed. We found that the most common complication of stroke with bed confinement of 4 days or longer was bacterial infection consisting of either pneumonia, sepsis, or urinary tract infection. The two variables found to be of greatest significance in affecting the rate of infection were length of bed confinement, especially for greater than 13 days (2.3-fold increased risk, p less than 0.04), and placement in a routine hospital bed (2.9-fold increased risk, p = 0.023).
Stroke
PMID:Evaluation of kinetic therapy in the prevention of complications of prolonged bed rest secondary to stroke. 359 Feb 57

The authors have carried out laboratory and clinical studies on the BRL 25000 granule (containing 2 parts amoxicillin and 1 part clavulanic acid). The antibacterial activity of BRL 25000 against 29 clinically isolated strains of S. aureus, 30 E. coli and 30 K. pneumoniae were measured by the agar dilution method using an inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml. beta-Lactamase production was detected by the Nitrocefin method. The MICs of BRL 25000 against S. aureus ranged from 0.2 approximately 12.5 micrograms/ml, with the majority of strains being inhibited by 1.56 micrograms/ml or less. Seven beta-lactamase producing strains of S. aureus were all inhibited by less than 12.5 micrograms/ml. The range against E. coli was 1.56 approximately 100 micrograms/ml, with the majority inhibited by 6.25 micrograms/ml or less. Fifteen beta-lactamase producing strains of E. coli were inhibited by 6.25 approximately 100 micrograms/ml and the majority by 25 micrograms/ml or less. All strains of K. pneumoniae were beta-lactamase producers and the MIC distribution against K. pneumoniae was 1.56 approximately 50 micrograms/ml, with a majority inhibited by 3.13 micrograms/ml or less, 96% of strains, were inhibited by less than 6.25 micrograms/ml. Against K. pneumoniae, BRL 25000 showed a 8 to 16-fold superiority when compared with AMPC. In a pharmacokinetic study, BRL 25000 granules were orally administered to children in the fasting state at single doses of 7.5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg. The peak serum levels of AMPC were 6.13 and 6.94 micrograms/ml approximately 1 hour after administration and decreased with half-lives of 1.08 and 0.97 hours, respectively. The corresponding serum levels of CVA were 1.16 and 1.90 micrograms/ml at 1 hour after administration, with half-lives of 0.99 and 0.87 hour, respectively. In clinical studies, the BRL 25000 granule was effective in 39 cases of bacterial infection out of a total of 41 treated. Side effects were limited to 2 cases of diarrhea and minor changes in laboratory findings were elevation of serum GOT (1 case), elevation of serum GPT (1 case), and eosinophilia (2 cases).
 ...
PMID:[Laboratory and clinical studies of BRL 25000 (clavulanic acid-amoxicillin) granules in the pediatric field]. 400 52

The hemodynamic characteristics of 36 febrile patients were studied when temperature was greater than 100 degrees F and after resolution of fever (temperature less than or equal to 100 degrees F). The patients were divided into those with bacterial infection (group I, n = 26) and those whose fever was noninfectious in etiology (group II, n = 10). Analysis of patients likely to have coronary artery disease (CAD) (subset A, n = 12) and those unlikely to have CAD (subset B, n = 7) was carried out. To maintain constant preload, pulmonary artery wedge pressure varied by not more than 2 mm Hg in all patients. Resolution of fever was associated with a 23% increase in stroke volume index (SVI) and 37% increase in left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) for group I (p less than 0.01). Group II showed a 27% increase in SVI and a 38% increase in LVSWI (p less than 0.05). Both subsets A and B showed significant increases in LVSWI after resolution of fever. We found evidence of decreased left ventricular performance during the febrile state in patients with and without infections. Since all groups and subsets maintained a normal or high cardiac index associated with increased heart rate during the febrile state, the tachycardic response of the febrile patient may serve to maintain cardiac output when myocardial performance is impaired.
 ...
PMID:Adverse effects of febrile state on cardiac performance. 684 21

On a variety of fronts, chronic bacterial infection is being found to be significantly associated with the development of atherosclerosis and the clinical complications of unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Although for the most part, these are still just associations, and specific causative relationships on the par with that determined for Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer disease have not been determined. Further studies may well lead to a similar conclusion about these potential mechanisms whereby chronic infections may play a role in atherosclerosis on myocardial infarction. As in the case of Chlamydia pneumoniae, the affect may result from direct vessel wall colonization and infection. This local infection may either react directly on the vessel wall or indirectly through its initiation of a number of immunologic responses. In other cases, the influence of chronic infection on the progression of atherosclerosis may be related to an indirect affect of enhancing the chronic inflammatory response of the body. Even though the infectious agent may not directly infect the vessel wall it may have a critical affect acting from afar. There is a potential that chronic bacterial infection may aggravate pre-existing plaque by enhancing T cell activation as well as other inflammatory responses that may participate in the destabilization of the intimal cap resulting in plaque rupture, progression to acute ischemic syndromes, and ultimate enlargement of the atherosclerotic plaque. Consequently, chronic bacterial infection may play a role in the initiation, the progression, or the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. Further studies that are presently ongoing and planned for the near future are expected to not only further elucidate the pathophysiology related with the association between chronic bacterial infection and atherosclerosis but also evaluate whether antibiotic treatment may result in clinical benefit to the patient.
 ...
PMID:Bacterial infections and atherosclerosis. 980 26

Sickle cell disease is caused by a variant of the beta-globin gene called sickle hemoglobin (Hb S). Inherited autosomal recessively, either two copies of Hb S or one copy of Hb S plus another beta-globin variant (such as Hb C) are required for disease expression. Hb S carriers are protected from malaria infection, and this protection probably led to the high frequency of Hb S in individuals of African and Mediterranean ancestry. Despite this advantage, individuals with sickle cell disease exhibit significant morbidity and mortality. Symptoms include chronic anemia, acute chest syndrome, stroke, splenic and renal dysfunction, pain crises, and susceptibility to bacterial infections. Pediatric mortality is primarily due to bacterial infection and stroke. In adults, specific causes of mortality are more varied, but individuals with more symptomatic disease may exhibit early mortality. Disease expression is variable and is modified by several factors, the most influential being genotype. Other factors include beta-globin cluster haplotypes, alpha-globin gene number, and fetal hemoglobin expression. In recent years, newborn screening, better medical care, parent education, and penicillin prophylaxis have successfully reduced morbidity and mortality due to Hb S.
 ...
PMID:Sickle hemoglobin (HbS) allele and sickle cell disease: a HuGE review. 1079 57

The pattern of acute illness was determined in 102 adolescents and adults with sickle cell anaemia who presented to the emergency unit of a Lagos hospital. The patients had a mean age of 20.5 years (SD 13.1) and a male-female ratio of 1.5. The symptoms included fever (72%), fatigue and weakness (59%), anorexia (59%) and pain (57.5%) while major clinical signs were pallor (100%), jaundice (71%) and hepatomegaly (68%). Sixty-eight per cent of patients had sickle cell crises, including one with hemiplegic stroke, 10% with combined anaemia and pain crises, 33% with anaemia crises only and 23.5% with pain crises only. Sixty-three per cent had infection which was malaria in 24.5%, bacterial in 17% and viral in 6%. Of 16 patients with pyrexia of unknown origin, seven responded to treatment with chloroquine and eight to antibiotics. Infection was detected in 50% of the patients with sickle cell crises. The association between anaemia crises and malaria was significant (P < 0.05). Of the eight deaths, seven (88%) had anaemia crises. In contrast to studies conducted two decades ago in the same hospital, the prevalence of anaemia crises now exceeds that of pain crises and malaria now exceeds that of bacterial infection. Severe symptomatic anaemia (anaemia crisis) was more frequently associated with infection (mostly malaria) than was bone pain crisis. The Girdle pain crisis more frequently resulted in a fatal outcome than the uncomplicated bone pain crisis.
 ...
PMID:Acute sickle cell syndromes in Nigerian adults. 1093 Nov 63

There have been reports of cases in which quality of life and loneliness of elderly people have been affected by interaction with the pet-type robot AIBO. In the present comparison between first and 20th sessions of activity with the pet-type robot, statistically significant improvements were observed in speech, emotional words and satisfaction index. The AKO loneliness scale value was 3.33 at the first session, and was 1.00 at the 20th session (statistically significant decrease). In a comparison of health-related QOL before and after interaction with AIBO, using the SF-36 survey, role function (RP) was statistically higher at the 20th session than at the first session. Evaluation by CgA, a mental stress index, showed a statistically significant decrease as the number of AIBO sessions increased. Case 1: The patient was a 68-year-old woman with chronic rheumatoid arthritis. Her AKO loneliness scale value was 4 on the first session and 1 on the 20th session. She said, "I do not think about anything while playing with the pet-type robot. It heals my mind." Case 2: The patient was a 74-year-old woman with cervical osteochondrosis. Her AKO loneliness scale value was 5 on the first session and 2 on the 20th session. She said, "The first time, I didn't like playing with the robot because I was depressed. After I had played with the robot several times, I felt good." Case 3: The patient was an 84-year-old man with cerebral apoplexy sequelae. His AKO loneliness scale value was 6 on the first session and 1 on the 20th session. He sang with the robot occasionally. The amount of conversation between him and his children greatly increased. Unlike animals, a pet robot does not carry the risk of bacterial infection. The present results suggest the possibility of using robots as a substitute for animal-assisted therapy and other psychosocial therapy in aseptic rooms, ICUs, children's wards, and special care wards for patients with dementia.
 ...
PMID:[Maintenance and improvement of quality of life among elderly patients using a pet-type robot]. 1197 48

Sickle cell disease is numerically as common as thalassaemia. However, it affects relatively under privileged population i.e. tribal population belonging to economically poor class and having inadequate access to education and modern health facilities. A recent explosion acknowledged in understanding the pathogenesis of this disease has lead to newer dimensions in treatment. Some of these viz. prevention of overwhelming bacterial infection, present indications and controversies regarding blood transfusion, prevention of stroke, acute chest syndrome, hydroxyurea therapy--probably the best disease modifying agent at the moment, stem cell transplantation--a cure and certain promising experimental therapies including gene therapy have been discussed in this review.
 ...
PMID:Advances in management of sickle cell disease. 1451 86


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>