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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

As the population continues to age, older patients are being referred for thoracic surgical procedures with increasing frequency. From 1985 through 1992, 38 patients (32 men, 6 women) 70 years of age or older underwent esophagectomy for primary esophageal carcinoma. Histologic findings included adenocarcinoma in 28 (74%) and squamous carcinoma in 10 (26%). Patients suffered dysphagia for a mean of 3.8 months (range, 0 to 30 months) and had a mean weight loss of 5.8 kg (range, 0 to 22 kg). The tumors ranged from 1 to 14 cm in length and averaged 4.7 cm. Preoperative chemotherapy and radiation therapy were administered in 11 patients (46%). Clinical staging suggested all patients were curable, and esophagectomy was performed in a transthoracic fashion in 27 (71%) and from a transhiatal approach in 11 (29%). Cervical anastomoses were undertaken in 16 patients (42%). The mean blood loss was 1,165 mL and ranged from 500 to 4,000 mL. The mean number of transfused units was 2.3 (range 0 to 8 U). Overall operative mortality was 18% (7 of 38). Major morbidity included pneumonia in 11 (29%), anastomotic leak in 4 (11%), chylothorax in 4 (11%), pulmonary embolus in 3 (8%), and stroke and myocardial infarction in 1 patient each (3%). Three patients have been cured of their esophageal cancer with survivals of 65, 70, and 72 months and an additional 7 patients are still alive. Three patients (8%) have been lost to follow-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Esophagectomy in the septuagenarian. 821 64

Lacunar syndrome can be an initial manifestation of the metastatic brain tumor in young adults. Two patients were encountered with previously undiagnosed lung cancer, one with anaplastic carcinoma and the other with adenocarcinoma. A neurologic syndrome occurred in the morning with unusual headache and stroke-like episodes, presenting an acute ataxic hemiparesis and a pure motor hemiparesis, respectively. Papilloedema was a universal finding. The headache and neurologic deficits responded rapidly to glucocorticoid. A preexisting intracranial mass with an outburst of brain edema is thought to be the mechanism in this situation.
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PMID:Metastatic brain tumor manifesting as lacunar syndrome in adults. 834 Sep 54

A case of metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma to the heart is described. The patient presented with neurological symptoms consistent with an embolic cerebrovascular accident. Evaluation by the referring cardiologist at that time showed what appeared to be a left atrial myxoma. In a review of the English language medical literature, no other case of this nature was found.
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PMID:Metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma of the heart. 916 70

Spontaneous bleeding from a metastatic tumor in the brain is usually associated with melanoma, choriocarcinoma, or hypernephroma. We report a patient with rectum adenocarcinoma which metastasized into the cerebellum and mimicked a stroke, and discuss the clinical features and diagnostic problems of this uncommon condition.
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PMID:An unusual presentation of metastatic adenocarcinoma in the cerebellum associated with intratumoral hemorrhage mimicking a stroke. A case report. 958 91

A 65-year-old man undergoes a routine checkup before retiring. His wife has urged him to have his prostate examined, because she has read about testing for prostate cancer and a friend has just died of this disease. During the rectal examination, the man's physician discovers some firmness in the right lobe of the prostate gland. The patient has had no urinary symptoms and is in excellent general health. Sexual function is normal. There is no history of prostate cancer; his father died of a stroke at age 86 years. Testing shows that the patient's prostate-specific antigen level is 9.3 ng/mL, and he is referred to a urologist. Transrectal ultrasound-guided needle biopsy reveals adenocarcinoma with a Gleason score of 7 (intermediate grade). At a follow-up meeting with his physician, the patient says, "I have been doing some research, and it appears that I should have treatment. However, what is less clear to me is what form of therapy is best--surgery or radiation treatment. Please tell me what you can about the state of the art with respect to surgery."
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PMID:Prostate cancer: 6. Surgical treatment of localized disease. 986 Dec 24

A 42-year-old house wife presented with worsening headaches over 6 months in the absence of visual symptoms or symptoms suggestive of focal neurology. She was a life-long smoker. Systems review was unremarkable apart from secondary amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea of 6 months duration. Her serum prolactin was found to be 620 mU/l (60-400), FT4 12.6 nmol/l (9.8-23.1), TSH 1.38 mU/l (0.35-5.5), oestradiol < 73 pmol/l, LH and FSH of 4.4 and 12.6 mIU/l, respectively. She was on bromocriptine. A presumptive diagnosis of pneumonia, based on pyrexia and CXR findings, was made and she was started on IV antibiotics. Two days later she developed meningism and deterioration of conscious level. (Lumbar puncture results: no organisms, 312 neutrophils and 164 lymphocytes). CT scan revealed a 2.5-cm pituitary adenoma, with suprasellar extension. A repeat hormonal profile revealed FSH 1.4, LH < 0.3 mU/l, oestradiol < 73 pmol/l, prolactin 488 mU/l (60-400), and low random cortisol at 29 nmol/l. T1-weighted MRI revealed a large pituitary mass with evidence of haemorrhage. The patient subsequently underwent a transsphenoidal exploration with resection of the pituitary lesion. Whilst awaiting the histopathology results, CT of chest revealed a 1. 5-cm diameter rounded well defined density in the right lower lobe associated with hilar, pre- and right para-tracheal lymphadenopathy. The histopathology of the pituitary lesion, obtained piecemeal, revealed fragments of fibrous tissue infiltrated by sheets of acidophilic prolactin-positive cells, in keeping with a prolactinoma. In addition, other fragments with blood clot included highly atypical epithelial cells with mitotic figures. These were negative for prolactin but showed HMFG-and CEA-positivity, excluding them from a pituitary lineage. Transbronchial biopsy revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, with evidence of lymphatic spread. The overall conclusion was of bronchogenic adenocarcinoma, metastasizing to a prolactinoma and complicated by apoplexy.
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PMID:Pituitary apoplexy following metastasis of bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to a prolactinoma. 1046 19

We reported the case of a 55-year-old man with metastatic tumor of the pituitary gland who suffered from symptomatic pituitary apoplexy with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The patient, who had sigmoid colon carcinoma and left parietal metastatic brain tumor, developed severe headache and decrease of right visual acuity. CT showed a pituitary mass with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Transsphenoidal surgery was performed after replacement therapy with corticosteroids. Histological examination revealed metastasis of adenocarcinoma. Pituitary apoplexy is an unusual manifestation of metastatic pituitary tumor. The case of metastatic tumor of the pituitary gland presenting as subarachnoid hemorrhage such as this case is especial rare.
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PMID:[A case of metastatic tumor of the pituitary gland presenting as a subarachnoid hemorrhage]. 1119 35

Small focal ischaemic brain lesions are said to be easy to identify in the acute stage and to differentiate from older lesions using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Brain metastases are common and the aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of misinterpretation as ischaemic lesions in a standard MRI protocol for clinical stroke. Of 26 patients investigated with MRI for possible metastases, 12 did have metastatic brain lesions, including most of the common tumours. On a 1.5 tesla imager, we obtained DWI, plus T2- and T1-weighted images, the latter before and after triple-dose contrast medium. Well-circumscribed brain lesions with a decreased apparent diffusion coefficient and a slightly or moderately increased signal on T2-weighted images were found in patients with metastases from a small-cell bronchial carcinoma and a pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The same features were also found in metastases from a breast carcinoma but the lesions were surrounded by oedema. With a standard DWI protocol, the features of common brain metastases may overlap with those of small acute and subacute ischaemic lesions.
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PMID:Diffusion-weighted imaging of brain metastases: their potential to be misinterpreted as focal ischaemic lesions. 1213 57

A 27-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of headache, fever and right neck pain. Neurological examination revealed mild meningeal signs, and hyper-reflexia in all extremities. In the laboratory tests, white-cell count was 13,000/mm3, rheumatoid factor(RF) and C-reactive protein(CRP) were positive. The cerebro-spinal fluid showed pleocytosis (56/mm3, neutorophils and lymphocytes were 26 and 28, respectively). Thus, she was diagnosed as aseptic meningitis. A few days later, she had weakness and dysesthesia of the right face and the left extremities. Pulse therapy with intravenous methylprednisolone was started. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed a hemorrhagic infarction in the right parietal lobe. In hemostatic markers, thrombin-antithrombin III complex(TAT; 106 ng/dl), D-dimer 1234 ng/dl, prothrombin fragment 1 + 2(F1 + 2; 2.36 nmol/L), beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG; 4,300 ng/dl) and platelet factor 4 (PF-4; 1,770 ng/dl) were extremely elevated. On duplex ultrasonography, a low echo lucent plaque was observed at the right internal carotid artery and the mean blood flow velocity in the right carotid artery was decreased. She was placed on oral prednisolone and warfarin for suspected stroke due to hypercoagulability associated with vasculitis. Afterwards, she discharged from our hospital. Two months later, she was readmitted to our hospital because of irregular menses and vaginal bleeding. Endometrial uterus biopsy was conducted, which revealed a grade I endometrioid adenocarcinoma. She was under total uterectomy without tumor recurrence. After the radical operation, white-cell count, RF, CRP, TAT, D-dimer, F1 + 2, and beta TG were normalized, and the mean flow velocity of the right common carotid artery was increased. Thereafter, she did not experience stroke recurrence. Therefore, we speculated that she had stroke due to hypercoagulability in association with malignancy, that is Trousseau's syndrome. We also assumed that aseptic meningitis, brainstem encephalitis associated with vasculitis in this patient are other clinical variants of paraneoplastic syndrome through immunological mechanisms associated with malignancy. We emphasize that patients with Trousseau's syndrome can be associated with other paraneoplastic manifestations such as vasculitis as seen in this patient.
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PMID:[A young patient with endometrioid adenocarcinoma who suffered Trousseau's syndrome associated with vasculitis]. 1247 93

We describe a 60-year-old female patient without vascular risk factors diagnosed with cardioembolic ischemic stroke due to an atrial septal aneurysm with a right-to-left shunt. However, further investigation after recurrent strokes revealed a nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) caused by a metastatic adenocarcinoma. The presented case illustrates the difficulties in establishing the diagnosis of NBTE premortally and points out the importance of repeated echocardiographic evaluations of cardiac valves and serological examination of tumor markers in patients with recurrent strokes of unknown origin.
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PMID:[Adenocarcinoma-associated nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis as the cause of recurrent strokes]. 1519 53


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