Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038454 (stroke)
 147,016 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A sample of in all 119 young adults below the age of 55, with ischemic cerebrovascular disease (TIA and minor stroke), was investigated later than three months after acute disease. Factor VIII biological activity and antithrombin antigen were significantly (p less than 0.001) increased as compared to 80 healthy controls. In combination, these two variables correctly classified 85 percent of patients and controls at a stepwise discriminant analysis. Factor VIII related antigen was increased (p less than 0.02) in patients with atherosclerotic signs at cerebral angiography and in postmenopausal female patients (p less than 0.001). It is suggested that high levels of factor VIII might predispose for thrombosis/atherosclerosis. Antithrombin biological activity was normal in spite of high antithrombin antigen levels, possibly indicating a relative insufficiency in the antithrombin defense line. It is concluded that young stroke patients provide good opportunities to look for early operating factors and predictors in human atherosclerosis and arterial thromboembolism.
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PMID:A study of hemostasis in ischemic cerebrovascular disease. I. Abnormalities in factor VIII and antithrombin. 681 Apr 96

Most earlier studies of platelet function in stroke patients have been performed in the acute phase and are hampered by diagnostic insecurity. A sample of totally 67 young adults below the age of 55, with ischemic cerebrovascular disease (TIA and minor stroke) were investigated at a late stage after acute disease and compared to 20 healthy controls. Patients with atherosclerotic signs at cerebral angiography had significantly (p less than 0.05) higher platelet factor 3 availability than angionegative patients. Unexpectedly, female patients compared to male patients had significantly (p less than 0.05) larger ADP-release after stimulation with collagen in vitro. Furthermore, when female patients were compared to female controls a significantly (p less than 0.05) increased platelet factor 3 availability was found. The results indicate that platelets in female patients may have an increased tendency to aggregate in vivo. Patients had significantly (p less than 0.01) shortened platelet cyclooxygenase regeneration half times (PRT). This was correlated to high levels of factor VIII related antigen (r=0.59) and high levels of factor VIII biological activity (r=0.67), indicating that platelets may be consumed by platelet adhesion and mural thrombi formation in abnormal vessel walls. PRT appears to be a reliable method to assess platelet function in vivo and to optimize aspirin dose and dose intervals in the individual.
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PMID:A study of hemostasis in ischemic cerebrovascular disease. II. Abnormalities in platelet ADP release, platelet cyclooxygenase regeneration time and platelet factor 3 availability. 681 Apr 97

A sample of in all 119 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease (TIA and minor stroke) below the age of 55 years, were submitted for testing of fibrinolysis in the late recovery phase after acute disease. Defective fibrinolysis, as tested after venous stasis, was found in patients (p less than 0.01) as compared to controls using a conventional fibrin plate method. A new chromogenic peptide substrate method showed a similar tendency. Antiactivator activity, measured as antiurokinase, using a peptide substrate, was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in young female patients than in female controls. Alpha 2-antiplasmin (peptide substrate method) was significantly (p less than 0.001) higher in female than male patients. However, no correlation was found between inhibitors of fibrinolysis and defective fibrinolysis after venous occlusion. Furthermore, in a pilot study of vein biopsies, normal content of vascular plasminogen activators was found in the majority of cases. Thus, it is suggested that defective fibrinolysis in most cases reflects a disturbed release function.
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PMID:A study of hemostasis in ischemic cerebrovascular disease. III. Abnormalities in vascular plasminogen activators, antiactivators and alpha 2-antiplasmin. 681 Apr 98

The electrical activity of the brain was assessed in various periods of acute ischemic stroke and its values correlated to the neurological symptoms. Seventy-six patients with acute ischemic stroke in the median cerebral artery basin were examined. A grave course of the disease and slowly progressing positive shifts in the neurologic symptoms were associated with the phenomenon of clinico-EEG-dissociation: an increase in the intensity of abnormally slow activity was wave-like and recorded both in the involved and intact hemispheres. These pathological shifts were maximally manifest at the site of projection of ischemic stroke on days 3, 7, and 14 of acute disorder of brain circulation, this permitting the use of EEG parameters in these days with prognostic purposes.
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PMID:[Dynamics of bioelectric activity of the brain in the acute period of stroke and its prognostic significance]. 773 83

Stroke is an acute disorder with a high fatality rate and with severe residual impairment among many of the survivors. Advances in neuroimaging and ultrasound have increased our understanding of the disease process. New drugs seem to reduce the neuronal damage caused by brain infarction if they are administered within the first few hours after onset of stroke. Management of stroke patients in a specialised stroke unit hastens recovery and is associated with a sustained reduction in mortality. Both recovery and survival can be jeopardized by cerebral, systemic, and cardiac complications, which may be attenuated by rigorous attention to general medical factors. Treatment of acute stroke will certainly change dramatically in coming years.
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PMID:[Stroke. An effective evaluation and specialized treatment]. 778 33

Secondary prevention is of importance when the patient is already suffering from a serious disease, e.g., from arterial obstruction causing a stroke or an amputation, from a hip fracture or other diseases that might threaten his independence. Secondary prevention covers a wide field of topics. First of all, the patient must recover from his acute disease. It is important to avoid complications which are not specific for the disease, but are typical for a bedridden old person (decubital ulcer, dehydration and others). Prevention also means to avoid recurrence of the same disease as well as complications that frequently occur during the clinical course and may influence the outcome (spasticity in stroke patients, muscular calcification following hip replacement). Frequently, old persons do not completely recover following serious disease, they are limited in their daily activities and their capability to leave home. Secondary prevention tries to fight isolation; the patient should live a meaningful life.
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PMID:[Secondary prevention from the viewpoint of the geriatric specialist]. 814 79

Prevention is of importance when the patient is already suffering from a serious disease, e.g., from arterial obstructive disease causing a stroke or an amputation, from a hip fracture or other diseases that might threaten his independence. Prevention covers a wide field of topics. Most importantly, the patient must recover from his acute disease. It is important to avoid complications which are not specific for the disease but are typical for a bedridden old person (decubital ulcer, dehydration etc.). Prevention also means to avoid recurrence of the same disease as well as complications that frequently occur during the clinical course and may influence the outcome (spasticity in stroke patients, muscular calcification following hip replacement).
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PMID:[Current aspects of secondary and tertiary prevention from the viewpoint of the clinical gerontologist]. 885 Jan 12

Elevated homocysteine (HCY) levels in tissues and blood are associated with premature occlusive diseases. A number of techniques have been developed to assay HCY, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorimetric or electrochemical detection, and radioenzymatic methods. The present study evaluated the adaptation of a liquid chromatographic, ion-exchange technique with postcolumn derivatization using ninhydrin. Fasting and moreover post-methionine load total plasma HCY were assayed in 50 patients three months after a stroke and in 20 age-matched controls. Ion-exchange liquid chromatography was performed on an amino acid analyzer using a modified procedure to improve methionine and HCY separation. HCY values in the fasting state were moderately but significantly increased (P<0.05) in the patients compared to the controls: 10.5+/-3.4 versus 9.3+/-2.3 micromol/l. The difference between the two groups was amplified in post-load HCY results, which were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the patients: 41.6+/-17.8 versus 29.2+/-5.5 micromol/l in controls. The relationship between cerebrovascular disease and impaired HCY metabolism has previously been emphasized by other investigators. Our findings suggest that certain inherited and/or acquired HCY disorders observed in the fasting state (14%) and especially in post-methionine load conditions (32%) may occur during acute disease, and that total plasma HCY can be determined by ion-exchange chromatography even after oral methionine loading.
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PMID:Total plasma homocysteine determination by liquid chromatography before and after methionine loading. Results in cerebrovascular disease. 918 2

In medical patients there are numerous and variable risk factors for deep vein thrombosis. Placebo-controlled clinical trials are rare. The efficacy of standard heparin or low molecular weight heparin for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis is clearly demonstrated for patients with recent myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke with hemiplegia or severe pulmonary sepsis with lung failure. Pharmacological prophylaxis is probably also efficient in patients with a severe acute disease and a certain history of deep vein thrombosis. For all other medical and especially for bedridden elderly patients, use of low molecular weight heparin might decrease the incidence of deep vein thrombosis but might not modify the overall mortality. In these situations, placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed for best evaluation of the benefit-risk ratio.
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PMID:[Synthesis: certainties/uncertainties in the prevention of venous thrombosis in medical patients]. 1007 Feb 35

Five cases of children with cerebrovascular disease presentations to the emergency department (ED) were selected as a series to illustrate the variety of presentation of cerebrovascular disease in children. This series shows that although cerebrovascular disease in children is uncommon, it is likely that cases will occasionally present acutely to an ED. The emergency physician's role in the management of suspected acute strokes in children is that of immediate stabilization, imaging to rule out hemorrhage, other studies to rule out emergent acute disease, and timely consultation for further management. Computed tomography (CT) is useful to detect an acute hemorrhage or old ischemic lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging has superior image resolution over CT, but CT may be more practical initially. Magnetic resonance angiography is a useful part of the stroke workup in children.
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PMID:Emergency department presentations of cerebrovascular disease in children. 1010 19


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