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Query: UMLS:C0038379 (strabismus)
 9,317 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The present paper deals with the results of 20 eyes of experimentally operated laboratory animals, whose perforating wounds (of cornea and those of sclerocorneal region) have been suturated with a new type of absorbable synthetic suture material "Dexon" thickness being 6-0. The synthetic absorbable suture material "Dexon" is made of polyglycol acid, and it has been introduced to market by the firm Davis and Geck (U.S.A.). The inflammatory tissue reaction to the presence of the suture material "Dexon" is prominent and can by compared to the reaction to chromic resorbable suture materials (catgut or collagen). The suture material "Dexon" start to resorb in the course of the 2nd-3rd weeks after operation. The suture material "Dexon" can be used at an advantage in the operation where it is possible to cover the knots by a conjuctival lobe (in sclerocorneal region or in strabismus surgery) in this way the tendency to overgrowing of epithelial cells along the suture channels can be prevented. The "Dexon" material is sufficiently flexible and firm and has no antigenic properties, therefore it appears very prospective for ophthalmosurgery.
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PMID:[Reaction of the fibrose eyeball covering upon the suture material synthetic and absorbable "Dexon". (Experimental study) (author's transl)]. 23 22

The clinical and pathologic findings of a case of congenital bilateral, peripheral corneal leukoma associated with iris coloboma and anterior subluxation of the lens are reported. The changes in the region of keratolenticular apposition include partial absence of Bowman's membrane, stromal vascularization and thinning with large-diameter collagen fibrils, and absence of Descemet's membrane and endothelium. The authors postulate that dysembryogenesis of the tertiary vitreous, with iris coloboma, resulted in apposition of the lens to cornea during the second and third month of gestation and that this apposition resulted in the observed peripheral corneal abnormalities.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Peripheral Peters' anomaly: a histopathologic case report. 31 Aug 74

Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles is characterized by the replacement of normal contractile muscle tissue by fibrous tissue or fibrous bands in varying degrees. The clinical entities which result from the fibrous replacement can be classified under the following headings: general fibrosis syndrome, congenital fibrosis of the inferior rectus muscle with blepharoptosis strabismus fixus, vertical retraction syndrome and congenital unilateral fibrosis, enophthalmos, and blepharoptosis. Genetic factors may or may not be apparent. One pedigree with general fibrosis syndrome was traced through five generations. Light and electron microscopy demonstrated replacement of normal muscles by collagen and dense fibrous tissue with occasional areas of degenerated skeletal muscle. The surgical management attempts to achieve some functional readjustment of the ocular and lid position as well as the abnormal head posture. The surgical results were considered satisfactory when compared with the original position of the eyes and the backward head tilt.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles. 73 62

Congential fibrosis of the extraocular muscles is characterized by the replacement of normal contractile muscle tissue by fibrous tissue or fibrous bands in varying degrees. The clinical entities which result from the fibrous replacement can be classified under the following headings: general fibrosis syndrome, congenital fibrosis of the inferior rectus muscle with blepharoptosis, strabismus fixus, vertical retraction syndrome and congential unilateral fibrosis, enophthalmos and blepharoptosis. Genetic factors may or may not be apparent. One pedigree with general fibrosis syndrome was traced through five generations. Light and electron microscopy demonstrated replacement of normal muscle by collagen and dense fibrous tissue with occasional areas of degenerated skeletal muscle. The surgical mangement attempts to achieve some functional readjustment of the ocular and lid position as well as the abnormal head posture. The surgical results were considered satisfactory when compared with the original position of the eyes and the backward head tilt.
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PMID:Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles. 75 72

The tissue reaction, absorption, and handling properties of Dexon synthetic absorbable sutures, which are made from polymerized hydroxyacetic acid, were compared with those of silk and collagen in 51 eye operations, consisting mainly of cataract extractions and squint corrections. There was no significant difference between the sutures as regards degree of tissue reaction. The Dexon sutures were very strong and the knots held well. The sizes used in this series were found to be a little too thick and stiff for use in micro-surgery; smaller sizes would be easier to use and still remain strong enough. The Dexon was reliably absorbed in 5 weeks on average. No serious adverse reactions were seen with any of the sutures. Dexon was as well tolerated as the control sutures but had the advantage over silk of being absorbed and over collagen of containing no foreign protein.
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PMID:Comparative trial of Dexon (polyglycolic acid), collagen, and silk sutures in ophthalmic surgery. 76 26

The dermal collagen fibrils and the fibrils of the extraocular muscles and the conjunctivas of both eyes of a child afflicted with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) were studied ultrastructurally. The results were evaluated statistically. Biopsy material was used in all instances. The collagen fibrils from all involved tissues showed a high percentage of size variation. Abnormalities of shape were noted. In the reticular dermis, 48% of fibrils were of normal diameter, 23% were enlarged, and 29% were thinner than normal. In the extraocular muscles, 77% were of normal size, 14.5% were larger, and 8.5% were smaller. In the conjunctivas, 73% of fibrils were normal-sized, 22% were enlarged, and 5% were of small diameter. No small-sized fibrils were encountered in control extraocular muscles.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Collagen fibril abnormalities in the extraocular muscles in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. 335 29

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is one of many inherited abnormalities of connective tissue, specifically collagen. A 16-year-old caucasian female with Type VI Ehlers-Danlos syndrome had five unusual corneal findings, four of which have not been reported in association with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: micro-cornea (previously reported), cornea plana, keratoconus posticus, stromal haze at the level of Bowman's layer and a peripheral ring opacity suggestive of anterior embryotoxon. Type VI Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is associated with deficient activity of lysyl hydroxylase which ultimately is responsible for cross-linking collagen chains, the source of its tensile strength. Genetic regulation of procollagen formation is believed to be mediated by mRNA. Aggregation and maturation in the extracellular matrix is probably influenced and mediated by its evolving biochemical environment, particularly by complex carbohydrate moieties. An understanding of collagen maturation, and the pathophysiologic and biophysical consequences of abnormalities at this level of biochemical organization, permits more specific understanding of ocular dysmorphology and collagen diseases.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Collagen maturation defects in Ehlers-Danlos keratopathy. 358 56

We have designed and employed a bipolar heating device to shorten extraocular muscles. Treatment involves placing the unidirectional heating device on the sclera with the active surface beneath the tendinous portion of the extraocular-muscle. When power is applied, visible tissue shrinkage occurs. Heat-induced extraocular muscle shrinkage was performed on live rhesus monkeys. Two months later, thermal tendinoplasty-treated extraocular muscles were surgically isolated and evaluated for strength. Biopsies were then performed on these muscles. It was our clinical impression that treated tissues retained their strength, while histologic and electron-microscopic evaluation of heat-treated tendon revealed evidence of shrinkage and compaction of collagen bundles. Thermal tendinoplasty may offer a sutureless method of correcting strabismus by shortening and thereby strengthening extraocular muscles.
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PMID:Heat shrinkage of extraocular muscle tendon. 361 51

Ninety extraocular muscle (EOM) biopsy specimens from 80 children with strabismus and normal ocular alignment were studied by light microscopy, enzyme histochemistry, and electron microscopy. Light microscopy showed considerable variation in muscle fiber shape and size with sarcomere disruption, sharp increases in endomysial and perimysial collagen, numerous vacuoles and subsarcolemmal inclusions. Electron microscopy showed disruption of myofilaments, nemaline rods, abnormal mitochondria, leptomeric profiles, occasional "myelin figures," glycogen, and lipid-like droplets. Some intramuscular nerves contained long-spacing collagen ("Luse bodies"). Unlike somatic skeletal muscle, EOM showed a consistent lack of mosaic pattern and reciprocal stain activity between fiber types noted by enzyme histochemistry. Quantitative observations indicate that minimal but consistent morphologic differences exist between strabismic and nonstrabismic EOM. The role these changes play in the pathogenesis of strabismus and their significance remains unclear.
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PMID:Structural features of extraocular muscles of children with strabismus. 624 9

The ocular findings in two patients with Chronic Familial Hyperphosphatasemia are described in detail. They consist mainly of abnormal pigmentation, the presence of retinal folds of variable degree, and angioid streaks. It is suggested that these changes are in relationship to abnormal collagen metabolism and that CHF is not only a bone dysplasia but a more generalized condition with variable extraskeletal manifestations.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Ocular abnormalities in chronic familial hyperphosphatasemia. 625 Nov 95


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