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Query: UMLS:C0038379 (strabismus)
 9,317 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty patients undergoing surgery for correction of strabismus under general anesthesia were randomly selected to receive conjunctival application of 100 microliters (20 micrograms) adrenaline in both eyes or in neither (controls). A further 20 patients undergoing cataract surgery with local anesthesia were randomly selected to receive 1 ml adrenaline 1:10 000 (100 micrograms) or 1 ml balanced salt solution (controls) in the anterior chamber. Adrenaline in plasma was measured in six time points within 15 min (correction of strabismus) or at seven within 30 min (cataract surgery). Plasma levels of adrenaline, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate were comparable in treatment groups and controls. No severe arrhythmias were observed. Neither conjunctival application of 20 micrograms adrenaline or instillation of 100 micrograms adrenaline into the anterior chamber increases adrenaline levels in plasma, and there is no reason to suspect cardiovascular interactions.
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PMID:[Absorption of adrenaline after local administration to the eye]. 179 20

A previous study has demonstrated that timolol maleate (0.5%), a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist, produces in emmetropes a significant reduction in accommodative convergence (AC) during the initial four minutes of a near-vision task. The present study has examined the effect of timolol on AC for three refractive groups (each comprising N = 20): emmetropes, early-onset myopes (EOMs), i.e. myopia onset prior to 15 years of age and late-onset myopes (LOMs), i.e. myopia onset after 15 years. A double-blind protocol was adopted between timolol and a saline control. AC was derived from accommodation stimuli of 3.3, 4.1 and 4.8 D with changes in heterophoria being assessed using a Maddox rod and tangent scale. The relationship between the ocular hypotensive effect of timolol and anterior corneal curvature was also investigated using a Goldmann applanation tonometer and a two-position keratometer (Haag-Streit). Timolol produced a significant reduction in AC in emmetropes but did not induce significant changes in AC in LOMs or EOMs. The timolol-induced reduction in IOP did not result in any changes in anterior corneal curvature.
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PMID:Beta-adrenergic receptor antagonism in myopia. 290 Oct 62

The changes in IOP during strabismus surgery were studied in 40 patients. In most, 37 eyes, there was a marked decrease of IOP during surgery and rapid return to initial levels of IOP. In 13 out of 14 eyes that underwent bilateral surgery, the IOP in the first operated eye returned to about baseline levels by the end of surgery on the second eye. No correlation was found between the changes in IOP and: the type of surgery, the operated muscles, the duration of surgery and anesthesia, or the patients' age. We surmise that the decrease of IOP is probably associated with the intensity of the massage of the globe during the surgery.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Intraocular pressure variation during strabismus surgery. 395 79

We established a value scale (Figure) of IOP for children without glaucoma. Under the age of 4 months the IOP was measured with topical anesthesia; halothane anesthesia was used in children from 4 months to 5 years. In 30 children under the age of 4 months the IOP is 8.4 +/- 0.6 mm Hg. In 44 children from 4 months to 5 years, the IOP measured under halothane general anesthesia is 7.8 +/- 0.4 mm Hg at the age of 1 year, and it gradually increases by about 1 mm Hg per year of age to 11.7 +/- 0.6 mm Hg at the age of 5 years.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Intraocular pressure in children up to five years of age. 686 16