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Query: UMLS:C0038379 (strabismus)
 9,317 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A five-year-old girl with cerebral gigantism (Sotos' syndrome) and cataracts is described. Sotos' syndrome, characterized by generalized gigantism with normal endocrine studies has rarely been reported with ocular abnormalities and never with cataracts. It is important to study any child with cataracts for systemic disease.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Cerebral gigantism (Sotos' syndrome) and cataracts. 21 89

The clinical features, treatment, and visual outcome of 52 eyes from 43 patients who developed scleritis following surgery were reviewed. In all patients the scleral inflammation developed adjacent to a surgical wound. Ninety six per cent had necrotising disease and 23% also had evidence of secondary posterior scleritis. Many different types of ocular surgery were implicated and the majority (75%) of the patients had two or more surgical procedures before the onset of the scleritis. Although cataract extraction through a limbal incision resulted in the largest subgroup, scleritis also followed glaucoma, strabismus, and retinal detachment surgery. The latent period between surgery and the appearance of inflammation was short (mean 9 months) except for a small group in whom scleritis occurred many years after squint surgery. Sixty three per cent of patients had evidence of a systemic disease. Early diagnosis and aggressive medical treatment significantly improved the visual outcome. The precipitating factors, pathogenesis, and course of this condition are discussed.
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PMID:Surgically induced necrotising sclerokeratitis (SINS)--precipitating factors and response to treatment. 173 84

Orbital infiltration, anterior uveitis, disc edema, choroiditis, erythema nodosum, and polyarticular arthritis due to sarcoidosis occurred in a five-year-old child who presented with unilateral proptosis. Diagnosis was enhanced by computerized tomography of the orbit, and confirmed by synovial biopsy findings. This patient's course illustrates the importance of thorough and frequent ocular examinations in childhood uveitis associated with systemic disease and demonstrates an unusual finding of orbital sarcoidosis. Childhood sarcoid arthritis may be misdiagnosed as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Familiarity with the ocular and systemic findings may lead to the correct diagnosis.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Orbital and childhood sarcoidosis. 374 95

Hereditary simple ectopia lentis affected nine patients in three generations of a family. Inheritance appeared to be autosomal dominant. Examination of 12 family members, employing body proportion measurements, chest x-ray, echocardiogram, and urinary cystine or blood methionine levels, revealed no evidence of any systemic disease. In all cases except two, lenses were bilaterally and superiorly dislocated. The degree of dislocation varied considerably among those affected, causing no visual disturbance in some and severely limiting visual acuity in others. Visual deficits were greatest in patients with intermediate degrees of dislocation. To date, the only known complications related to the dislocations have been two cases of bilateral cataracts. The indications for lensectomy in patients with ectopia lentis are reviewed.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Familial simple ectopia lentis: a case study. 387

Strabismus is a common childhood disorder which is underdiagnosed and undertreated. A detectable squint at any age is abnormal and should be investigated to exclude significant ophthalmological or systemic disease. Early detection and treatment will enable normal and near-normal binocular functions to be achieved in many children.
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PMID:Strabismus in childhood. 401 15

A 9-year-old female developed bilateral orbital masses over four months without associated orbital inflammation or systemic disease. Orbital biopsy documented an unusual presentation of childhood pseudotumor. Nine days following surgery orbital inflammatory signs appeared suddenly and involved both the unoperated and biopsied orbits equally. These orbital lesions resolved completely after three months of systemic corticosteroid therapy. The sudden and progressive development of palpable bilateral orbital mass lesions rarely occurs in children without readily identifiable systemic disease. The 9-year-old girl described herein acquired bilateral orbital space-occupying lesions without evidence of ocular, orbital, or systemic abnormalities.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Isolated, bilateral orbital mass lesions during childhood. 710 8

Adjustable suture surgery has become a popular method of strabismus correction in those cases in which results are less predictable, such as reoperations, thyroid ophthalmopathy, and blind eyes. Complications related to adjustable strabismus surgery are, in general, no different than those related to standard surgical techniques. We noticed a subgroup of patients who experienced significant vaso-vagal responses (V-VR) during postoperative adjustment and sought to discover a method of identifying these patients prior to adjustment. Sixty patients were studied prospectively from July 1991 to July 1992. All patients had surgery under general anesthesia and were adjusted 24 hours later. A positive oculocardiac reflex (OCR) occurred when a 10% or greater intraoperative change in heart rate was associated with traction on an extraocular muscle. A positive V-VR postoperatively consisted of one or more subjective findings (dizziness, light-headedness, nausea, or body temperature changes), and two or more objective findings (10% or greater change in heart rate, hypotension, pallor, diaphoresis, vomiting, disorientation, or loss of consciousness). Variables studied for predictive value included OCR, age, sex, strabismus type, previous surgery, muscle adjusted, and systemic disease. Twenty-five patients (41.6%) had a positive V-VR during adjustment. Twenty-seven patients (45%) had a positive OCR. Eighty-five percent of patients with a positive OCR and 9% of patients with a negative OCR had a positive V-VR. Younger patients were also more likely to have a positive V-VR. A positive intraoperative OCR under general anesthesia during strabismus surgery is highly predictive of a postoperative V-VR during planned adjustment.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:The intraoperative oculocardiac reflex as a predictor of postoperative vaso-vagal responses during adjustable suture surgery. 825 46

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most frequent malignant intraocular tumor in childhood. Six hundred and thirty-six cases with 831 RB-affected eyes were diagnosed and treated in our specialist center between 1963-1994. The diagnosis was made by histopathologic examination in 617 cases and clinically in 19 cases. Four hundred and forty-one (69.3%) cases were unilateral and 195 (30.7%) were bilateral. Two hundred and sixty-eight (42.1%) were females and 368 (57.9%) were males. The youngest patient was 20 days old and the oldest was 16 years old at the time of diagnosis (mean: 2.2 years). In thirty-four (5.3%) cases, a family history of RB was present. Ten of these cases were unilateral and 24 were bilateral. The most frequent presenting signs were leukocoria (394 cases, 61.9%), buphthalmos (92 cases, 14.5%), and strabismus (68 cases, 10.7%). The referring initial diagnoses were correct in 519 (81.6%) cases and false-negative in 117 (18.4%) cases. The most frequent initial false-negative diagnoses of the referring physicians were buphthalmos (43 cases, 6.8%), endophthalmitis (37 cases, 5.8%), and retinal detachment (12 cases, 1.9%). Apart from these 636 cases, there were 29 false-positive RB diagnoses during the same study period for which enucleation was performed. False-positive diagnoses included endophthalmitis (9 cases), retinal dysplasia (6 cases), retinal detachment (5 cases), vitreous hemorrhage (4 cases), Coats' disease (4 cases), and toxocariasis (one case). Ancillary testing for metastasis was carried out in all cases with newly diagnosed retinoblastoma. Five hundred and ninety-eight (72%) eyes had intraocular disease and 233 (28%) had extraocular spread. Of these 233 RBS, 58 had systemic disease. Fifty-two out of 58 tumors showing systemic involvement had either optic nerve or extrascleral extension at the histopathologic examination of enucleation material. The remaining six eyes had intraocular Class IV-V RB.
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PMID:Retinoblastoma in Turkey: diagnosis and clinical characteristics. 874 Jun 94

Corneal diseases are common in domestic rabbits. It is important to carefully evaluate the cornea and the entire eye when rabbit present with clinical signs such as squinting, tearing, or conjunctival hyperemia. Complete ophthalmic examination and general physical examination should be performed on all rabbits with corneal disease. Important diagnostic testing include culture and sensitivity, cytology, and fluorescein staining. Breed predispositions do not occur for most corneal problems, although some diseases are selected genetically in research rabbits. Corneal disease can be a primary condition or can occur secondary to other ocular or systemic disease.
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PMID:Corneal diseases of rabbits. 1217 Jun 37

The authors report a case of a female patient who presented, for the second time, diplopia and acute esotropia during pregnancy. There was no trauma involved neither was systemic disease. The patient was treated with conventional occlusion, and, soon after delivery, the squint was resolved.
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PMID:[Adult esotropia during pregnancy: case report]. 1750 31


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