Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038379 (strabismus)
 9,317 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five patients who had had neonatal herpes simplex virus infection were re-examined at ages that varied from 6 to 9 years. In all of them the diagnosis had been supported by virus isolation and antibody titration, and herpes virus type 2, the genital strain, had been the causative agent. Only 1 of the patients was mentally retarded. Three of the patients had manifest squint, and only 1 patient had normal visual acuity in both eyes. The fundus changes varied from atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium in 3 patients to atrophy of the optic disc in 2 eyes and extreme tortuosity of the retinal arterioles and veins in 1 patient. One patient developed bilateral retinitis with exudation into the vitreous at the age of 5 years. Fluorescein angiography of this patient showed peripheral vascular closure and preretinal neovascularisation, with leakage in both eyes. This may have been due to chronic retinal vasculitis; haemorrhagic infarction may have induced the damage to retinal tissues. Laser photocogulation resulted in slight improvement of the visual acuity, clearing of the vitreous, and decrease of the fluorescein leakage.
 ...
PMID:Late ocular manifestations in neonatal herpes simplex infection. 92 25

The present report describes a family with Leber's optic neuropathy. The cytogenetic findings in this family, as well as some clinical features, are suggestive of a slow viral infection with vertical transmission as a possible cause of the disease.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Leber's optic neuropathy--a cytogenetic study of a family. 741 34

Benign recurrent abducens (6th) nerve palsy is rare. We found 23 cases in children reported in the literature; however, many of these cases followed immunization or were associated with viral illness. Here we report two cases of recurrent abducens nerve palsy with no obvious etiology. The diagnosis should be considered in any child who experiences abducens nerve palsy in the absence of any underlying pathology or precipitating factors.
Strabismus 2004 Mar
PMID:Benign recurrent abducens (6th) nerve palsy in two children. 1525 64

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare acute inflammatory demyelinating disorder of central nervous system characterized by multifocal white matter involvement. Children and young adults are more commonly affected. The onset of ADEM usually follows a viral infection or immunization after a mean period of 7-14 days. The pathogenesis is not clear but several evidences support the autommune aetiology. ADEM is characterized by multifocal neurological signs and occasionally it rapidly progresses to coma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment is based on intravenous high dose methylprednisolone, which usually leads a rapid improvement. Recently the use of i.v. immunoglobulins has also been suggested. We report a case of a 2-year-old girl with sudden onset of neurological symptoms (irritability, drowsiness, hemiparesis, ataxia, strabismus) after an upper respiratory tract infection. MRI showed the presence of multiple high signal areas in the brain and in the spinal cord. High doses of methylprednisolone (10 mg/Kg) i.v. determined a rapid and persistent improvement of neurological signs and symptoms.
 ...
PMID:[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM): report of a clinical case]. 1692 56

Benign recurrent abducens nerve palsy is rare. Twenty-three cases in children have been reported in the literature and many of these cases followed immunization or were associated with viral illness. Most of the reported patients share the following features: spontaneous recovery within 6 months, ipsilateral recurrence, and painless palsy. The authors describe a Turkish child with recurrent abducens nerve palsy with no obvious etiology.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Benign recurrent abducens (sixth) nerve palsy. 1921 79

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease (COVID 19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is the causative agent of a serious disease that is of great global public health concern. Palsy of the third cranial nerve is very rare in patients with confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We describe the case of a patient with an incomplete palsy of the left third cranial nerve sparing the pupils in the context of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. CASE REPORT We report the case of a 24-year-old woman with confirmed COVID-19, which presented with acute onset of diplopia and strabismus of the left eye that occurred 3 days after the start of general symptoms. The patient had no significant medical history. Based on detailed ophthalmic and neurological examination, acute painless incomplete palsy of the third cranial nerve was suspected. Oculo-cerebral magnetic resonance angiography was unremarkable. Blood tests revealed mild normocytic regenerative anemia. According to the Moroccan recommendations, chloroquine and azithromycin were started. After what, a quick improvement of exotropia and diplopia was observed, and complete recovery was obtained by the sixth day of treatment. No adverse effects of the treatment were noted. CONCLUSIONS Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause neurological complications such as cranial nerve palsy. The pathological mechanism remains unclear. Full recovery of the ocular motricity is possible, and prognosis depends on the severity of the respiratory illness.
 ...
PMID:Third Cranial Nerve Palsy Presenting with Unilateral Diplopia and Strabismus in a 24-Year-Old Woman with COVID-19. 3305 42