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Query: UMLS:C0038379 (strabismus)
 9,317 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study on the eyes of 39 embryos, which were removed from women who had contracted clinical or subclinical rubella during the first and beginning of the second trimester of gestation is presented. A virological and histological study was performed on the eyes. In four cases rubella virus was isolated from the eye tissues (10.3%) and in nine cases, histological evidence of rubella cataract was found (27.3%). These results suggest that the rubella infection, even in cases of subclinical infections in pregnant women in the first trimester, are highly dangerous (in our study--37.6%) to the eye of the fetus, and, therefore, early diagnosis is necessary in order to avoid the risk of the consequences of congenital rubella infections in the newborn.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Rate and various aspects of eye infection resulting from congenital rubella. 43 27

We describe a case of bilateral microphthalmia with bilateral congenital cataracts associated with hydrocephalus in a 9-month-old girl with consanguineous parents. The differential diagnosis included: (1) congenital rubella syndrome; (2) congenital toxoplasmosis; (3) chromosome alterations; and (4) metabolic disease. However, negative clinical, laboratory, and instrumental investigations excluded all of these hypotheses. We stress the usefulness of echography in establishing whether or not infection has occurred during intrauterine life.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Hydrocephalus combined with congenital cataract and microphthalmia. 52 81

Congenital Rubella affects the eye in many ways. Ocular effects can be found in the lens, retina, ciliary body and cornea. Ocular manifestations of the Congenital Rubella Syndrome are congenital cataracts, microphthalmos, pigmentary retinopathy, strabismus, and glaucoma. While surgical and medical treatment is utilized for these conditions, the need for prevention is considered critical. The responsibility of health care providers to educate the public remains the key.
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PMID:The ocular manifestations of congenital rubella syndrome. 156 63

A retrospective study of oculovisual assessment records of the population of three Ontario schools for deaf children assessed the differential effects of various causes of deafness on the prevalence of vision anomalies. Inherited deafness (ID) appears to be associated with the fewest visual anomalies. Congenital rubella (CR) had the greatest prevalence and was associated with the broadest spectrum of ocular and visual problems. It appears to have a significant effect on corneal curvature as well as being associated with anomalies of other organ systems. Children who had had CR, neonatal sepsis (NS), and Rh incompatibility (Rh) all showed higher rates of strabismus and amblyopia. Those who were deaf from meningitis (MEN) or NS showed a tendency to be more hyperopic, whereas the sample with Rh showed a trend toward myopia. The CR children had the broadest range of spherical refractive errors of all the causes of deafness. Children in schools for the deaf are generally those with substantial or profound hearing loss and thus are more likely to have an accompanying vision impairment. Knowledge of the effect on vision of the causes of deafness should aid practitioners in identifying and detecting similar effects on vision when mild or moderate deafness does not require a child's attendance at schools for the deaf.
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PMID:Differential effects of various causes of deafness on the eyes, refractive errors, and vision of children. 376 97

Glaucoma has been recognized as an infrequent but serious complication following surgery for congenital and acquired cataracts in childhood. Little is known concerning the influence of factors on the risk of glaucoma such as age at surgery, type of cataract, associated ocular abnormalities, and type of surgery. We reviewed records of 240 eyes of 155 patients on whom cataract surgery had been performed between January 1965 and July 1990 at Children's Hospital, Boston. After excluding those patients who had been followed up less than 5 years after surgery, and those who had had surgery after the age of 10 years, 125 eyes of 82 patients were included in the study group. We identified 14 eyes of 9 patients that had developed open-angle glaucoma 5.3 to 13.1 years following surgery (average 7.4 years). An additional 4 eyes of 3 patients developed angle closure glaucoma, which was diagnosed at 146, 177, 2911, and 2939 days following surgery. A fifth patient developed acute angle closure 1.7 years following primary cataract surgery and 53 days following secondary discission. All but one of the patients who developed glaucoma had cataract surgery at less than 1 year of age. Age at surgery for the entire study group averaged 1.9 years, and ranged from 25 days to 9.6 years. We conclude that patients having cataract surgery before 1 year of age are at the greatest risk of developing postoperative open-angle glaucoma. Additional increased relative risk was found in eyes with microcornea, congenital rubella syndrome, and poor pupillary dilation with 1% cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl). No significant difference was seen among the various surgical methods of cataract removal.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Glaucoma following childhood cataract surgery. 771 98