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Query: UMLS:C0038379 (strabismus)
 9,317 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixty-three strabismus surgeons were surveyed regarding the incidence of infection they found following strabismus surgery and their use of preoperative and postoperative antibiotics to prevent or treat such infections. Cellulitis was rare (1 per 1,900 cases) and endophthalmitis was even rarer (1 per 30,000 cases). Infection was not entirely prevented by either preoperative or postoperative topical antibiotics. Twelve surgeons reported using no antibiotics but did not report higher rates of infection than those who did use them.
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PMID:Infection following strabismus surgery. 194 2

Sixty-three strabismus surgeons were surveyed regarding the incidence of infection they found following strabismus surgery and their use of preoperative and postoperative antibiotics to prevent or treat such infections. Cellulitis was rare (1 per 1900 cases) and endophthalmitis was even rarer (1 per 30,000 cases). Infection was not entirely prevented by either preoperative or postoperative topical antibiotics. Twelve surgeons reported using no antibiotics but did not report higher rates of infection than those who did use them.
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PMID:Infection following strabismus surgery. 201 10

Alpha-mannosidosis is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder characterized by immune deficiency, facial and skeletal abnormalities, hearing impairment, and intellectual disability. It occurs in approximately 1 of 500,000 live births. The children are often born apparently normal, and their condition worsens progressively. Some children are born with ankle equinus or develop hydrocephalus in the first year of life. Main features are immune deficiency (manifested by recurrent infections, especially in the first decade of life), skeletal abnormalities (mild-to-moderate dysostosis multiplex, scoliosis and deformation of the sternum), hearing impairment (moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss), gradual impairment of mental functions and speech, and often, periods of psychosis. Associated motor function disturbances include muscular weakness, joint abnormalities and ataxia. The facial trait include large head with prominent forehead, rounded eyebrows, flattened nasal bridge, macroglossia, widely spaced teeth, and prognathism. Slight strabismus is common. The clinical variability is significant, representing a continuum in severity. The disorder is caused by lysosomal alpha-mannosidase deficiency. Alpha-mannosidosis is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion and is caused by mutations in the MAN2B1 gene located on chromosome 19 (19 p13.2-q12). Diagnosis is made by measuring acid alpha-mannosidase activity in leukocytes or other nucleated cells and can be confirmed by genetic testing. Elevated urinary secretion of mannose-rich oligosaccharides is suggestive, but not diagnostic. Differential diagnoses are mainly the other lysosomal storage diseases like the mucopolysaccharidoses. Genetic counseling should be given to explain the nature of the disease and to detect carriers. Antenatal diagnosis is possible, based on both biochemical and genetic methods. The management should be pro-active, preventing complications and treating manifestations. Infections must be treated frequently. Otolaryngological treatment of fluid in the middle ear is often required and use of hearing aids is invariably required. Early educational intervention for development of social skills is needed and physiotherapy is important to improve bodily function. Orthopedic surgery may be necessary. The long-term prognosis is poor. There is an insidiously slow progression of neuromuscular and skeletal deterioration over several decades, making most patients wheel-chair dependent. No patients manage to be completely socially independent. Many patients are over 50 years of age.
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PMID:Alpha-mannosidosis. 1865 71

A black and white female German Holstein calf showed a highly deformed cranium. The animal was not able to stand. Further findings were bilateral strabismus divergens and negative pupillary light reflexes. Magnetic resonance imaging and pathological-anatomical examination showed that the cerebrum was replaced to a high degree by the ventricle system filled with 1.5 liters of cerebrospinal fluid. The hemispheres of the cerebellum were ruptured by the dilated fourth ventricle. In addition, the vermis and pons were missing and fluid accumulation in the subarachnoidal space extending up to the first spinal cord segments was visible. Inbreeding was not detected in the 3-generation-pedigree. No other affected calves from the same parents were known at the farm. Chromosomal abnormalities could not be detected after examination of 30 metaphase spreads using a light microscope. Infections and parasitic diseases could be ruled out for this anomaly. Very rare defect alleles might have been involved in the development of these inborn defects.
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PMID:[A case of a congenital high-grade hydrocephalus internus and Dandy-Walker syndrome in a black and white German Holstein calf]. 1953 44

Infection after strabismus surgery is rare. Here we describe a 5-year-old girl who developed bilateral staphylococcal sub-Tenon's abscess resistant to fourth-generation fluoroquinolones that resolved completely after surgical drainage and irrigation with povidone iodine followed by administration of oral amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. A lost muscle required exploration and reattachment to the sclera.
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PMID:Bilateral Staphylococcus aureus sub-Tenon's abscess following strabismus surgery in a child. 2030 90

Endophthalmitis following strabismus surgery is rare and has been reported to occur in from 1:3,500 to 1:185,000 cases. Severe adverse sequelae, including phthisis bulbi and enucleation, occur often despite early and aggressive treatment. This report describes 3 patients with endophthalmitis following apparently uneventful strabismus surgery by three different surgeons. Infections were aggressively treated. Two patients received intravitreal steroids; all 3 returned to their preoperative baseline visual acuity.
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PMID:Successfully managed endophthalmitis following strabismus surgery. 2731 66

An extensive literature review of various types of infections following strabismus surgery was facilitated by using the search engines PubMed and Google Scholar. In both search engines, the phrases "infection following strabismus surgery," "infection strabismus surgery," "complications of strabismus surgery," "endophthalmitis strabismus surgery," and "strabismus scleral perforation" were used for the review. The type of infection, surface involved, and site of the infection determined the type of therapy. Infections involving deeper tissues, such as periocular infection or orbital cellulitis, required systemic therapy. Sub-Tenon's abscesses required incision and drainage, as well as systemic antibiotics. The development of endophthalmitis following strabismus surgery was rare, but was usually devastating to the visual result. Symptoms of an adverse intraocular condition began by mean postoperative day 3, but the definitive diagnosis and treatment of endophthalmitis was not made until mean postoperative day 6. Despite early detection of this latter type of infection and early surgical intervention with vitreous paracentesis and intraocular injection of antibiotics, the visual result was extremely poor in more than two-thirds of the reported cases. Although there is no known way to truly prevent all infections following strabismus surgery, several techniques may be prudent for the strabismus surgeon to adopt to decrease the bacterial load and minimize the risk of infection. The surgeon should be encouraged to consider preoperative use of povidone-iodine on the operative field and avoid scleral perforation during surgery. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2019;56(4):214-221.].
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2019 Jul 01
PMID:Extraocular and Intraocular Infections Following Strabismus Surgery: A Review. 3132 10