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Query: UMLS:C0038379 (strabismus)
 9,317 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic inflammatory sinus disease is a common process, sometimes requiring nasal and paranasal sinus surgery. Extraocular muscle dysfunction is a rare surgical complication of sinus surgery, but has been reported. Previous studies have been concerned with trauma to the medial rectus muscle resulting in severe paralysis or restriction. This study reports five patients with acquired strabismus and symptomatic vertical diplopia secondary to sinus surgery. In all patients, the resultant diplopia was disabling. Four patients had frontal sinus window surgery performed, with incisions placed in the supero-nasal quadrant of the orbit, below the eyebrow (a modified Lynch incision). Three patients acquired a superior oblique paresis and the fourth developed a Brown's syndrome. The location of the skin incision was critical to injury in the trochlear area. The fifth patient underwent a nasal polypectomy and antrostomy with secondary orbital hemorrhage and proptosis. A mild inferior rectus paresis was the result.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Superior oblique and inferior rectus muscle injury following frontal and intranasal sinus surgery. 404 49

We experienced two cases of "Osteosclerosis" who were 12 and 15 year old sisters. Previous reported cases of this disease are 50 cases and among them only one patient was reported in Japan. Osteosclerosis seems to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Parental consanguinity is also observed. The peculiar facies are evident in infancy, characterized by broad, flat nasal bridge, ocular hypertelorism and prognathic, broadened mandible. Commonly, they have cutaneous syndactylies in bilateral hands and feet, especially between the second and third finger and toe. Roentgenographically, hyperostosis with osteosclerosis can be observed in systemic bones, particularly the calvarium is greatly thickened. Since such a bony change occurs most severely at the base of the skull, important clinical symptoms of this disease are cranial nerve palsies resulting from obliterations of unilateral or bilateral several cranial nerve foramina. In many cases deafness due to progressive encroachment upon the middle ear cavities and auditory nerve canals appears early in infancy. Transient palsy of the facial nerve occurs somewhat later, and bilateral facial paralyses are usually permanent in adulthood. In some cases optic atrophy and visual field defect due to compression of the optic nerves are late complications. Other ocular symptoms are strabismus, nystagmus and exophthalmos. Anosmia and trigeminal nerve palsy are less common. Lower cranial nerve symptoms can not be noted but the reason is unclear. Chronic headache, convulsion and mental retardation are occasionally present. They are considered as a result from increased intracranial pressure due to progressive diminution of the cranial capacity. By same mechanism, several patients have died suddenly from impaction of the medulla oblongata in the foramen magnum in early adulthood. Then, some reporter puts emphasis on prophylactic opening of the foramen magnum in all adult cases.
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PMID:[Sibling case of osteosclerosis with cranial nerve symptoms]. 629 11

23 orbita decompression operations were performed in patients suffering from endocrine exophthalmos (Grave's disease) after normalization of thyroid metabolism and systemic corticoid therapy remained unsuccessful. We developed a modification of an external ethmoidectomy. The lamina of the middle nasal concha is carefully preserved, any opening to the nasal cavity is closed. Flap door incisions of the periorbita complete this procedure. Results are good and were followed up for a period of 30 months. The operation resulted in prompt restitution of normal eye position with fast normalization of visual acuity and field. Squint surgery was done in addition.
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PMID:[Ethmoidectomy and orbital decompression in endocrine ophthalmopathy]. 654 80

A marked reaction postoperatively was noted following strabismus surgery for thyroid ophthalmopathy. Preoperatively, the right eye was noted to have a small amount of lower nasal conjunctival injection and chemosis while the left eye was quiet. Only the right eye had the severe inflammatory reaction postoperatively, while the left eye responded normally. The findings included marked proptosis, chemosis, subconjunctival hemorrhage, corneal exposure and drying with a sterile ring infiltrate, corneal thinning and vascularization, and ocular immobility. The treatment and course of these complications is described. It is suggested that muscle surgery be deferred in patients with thyroid ophthalmopathy when there are signs of continued inflammation.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Complications following surgery for thyroid ophthalmopathy. 654 69

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis which was first recognized by dermatologists. The ocular complications provide the primary concern and notably affect the iris, producing spontaneous hemorrhages in the anterior chamber. Secondary glaucoma and blindness are real threats unless the condition is recognized in the early stages and satisfactory treatment instituted. Other ocular manifestations include epibulbar lesions with corneal involvement and proptosis due to orbital lesions of JXG.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Juvenile xanthogranuloma. 680 51

A case of non-african Burkitt's lymphoma presenting an acute bilateral fulminant exophthalmos in an infantile male is reviewed. The rapid progression of proptosis, and the dramatic response to chemotherapy is documented photographically. A brief description on non-African Burkitt's lymphoma and a differential diagnosis of bilateral infantile fulminant exophthalmos is included.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Infantile non-African Burkitt's lymphoma presenting as bilateral fulminant exophthalmos. 715 20

A 15-month-old boy with rapidly progressive proptosis had an unusual malignant germ-cell tumor of the orbit and nasopharynx identified as an endodermal sinus tumor (yolk-sac carcinoma). Endodermal sinus tumors arising in extra gonadal locations are highly malignant and generally lethal. The boy was treated with radiation and three-drug chemotherapy and has survived more than eight years.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Endodermal sinus tumor (yolk-sac carcinoma) of the orbit. 717 25

A six-year-old Bantu child presented with a mass in the right orbital region, proptosis, and moderate pallor of the optic disk. Orbital exploration revealed an unsuspected hydatid cyst. The characteristic histopathologic features of the organism Echinococcus granulosus are emphasized.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Orbital hydatid cyst. 720 19

Congenital orbital teratoma is a rare, but benign cause of unilateral exophthalmos in infants, and therefore a worthwhile differential diagnosis to consider. Despite the grotesque and alarming external appearance of the eye, both it and visual function can be effectively preserved in certain instances with early intervention. A review of the literature accompanies the report of one such case of a successfully salvaged eye following removal of the teratoma. Clinical recommendations are included.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Congenital orbital teratoma: report of a case with visual preservation. 739 3

We reviewed records from 428 consecutive patients with severe Graves' ophthalmopathy to determine early and late results after transantral orbital decompression. Optic neuropathy was present in 217 (50.7%) patients. Post-operatively, 402 (89%) of 453 eyes with preoperative visual acuity worse than 20/20 improved or remained the same. Visual field scotomas improved or resolved in 245 (91%) of 269 eyes tested pre- and postoperatively. Preoperative papilledema resolved or improved in 99 (94%) of 105 eyes, and preoperative exposure keratitis improved or resolved in 178 (92%) of 195 eyes. Average proptosis reduction was 4.7 mm. Postoperatively, new diplopia developed in 74 (64%) of 116 patients who had no diplopia before orbital decompression, although 300 patients ultimately had strabismus surgery. At late follow-up (N = 293 patients), 226 (77%) had single vision and 44 (15%) had correction with prism. Complications included sinusitis (18 patients), lower eyelid entropion (38 patients), numb lip (23 patients), cerebrospinal fluid leaks (15 patients), and one frontal lobe hematoma (one patient). The average duration of follow-up was 8.7 years. Transantral orbital decompression effectively reduces proptosis and usually corrects optic neuropathy. In other circumstances, the benefits achieved and the side effects incurred must be carefully balanced for each patient before transantral orbital decompression is considered.
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PMID:Results of transantral orbital decompression in 428 patients with severe Graves' ophthalmopathy. 823 12


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