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Query: UMLS:C0038379 (strabismus)
 9,317 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new hereditary syndrome of bilateral ocular dermoids is described in five patients from three generations of a single family. There were no associated extraocular anomalies. The choristomas involved the limbus for 360 degrees, extended anteriorly onto the cornea, and extended posteriorly about 5 mm within the conjunctiva for 360 degrees. Additional clinical findings of diagnostic value were conjunctival plaques of keratinization, hairs, and corneal lipid deposition. An irregular corneal astigmatism, amblyopia, and concomitant strabismus were secondary features. The unique bilateral, annular configuration of the dermoids is pathognomonic of this syndrome. Early surgical intervention is indicated to try to improve the visual prognosis and cosmesis. At surgery, the conjunctival portion of one case was easily resected in toto, but the limbal portion required partial excision. Histopathological examination confirmed the clinical diagnosis of dermoid choristoma.
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PMID:Ring dermoid syndrome. A new syndrome of autosomal dominantly inherited, bilateral, annular limbal dermoids with corneal and conjunctival extension. 738 8

Congenital anomalies of the eye occurring in Potter's syndrome have been described, including leucoma cornea, cataract and prolapse of the lens, and expulsive hemorrhage in one eye. The etiological aspects of this association are discussed.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Potter's syndrome with ocular anomalies. 739 9

Four infants were referred for congenital unilateral corectopia. In each case, the abnormal position of the pupil was caused by a fibrous structure that tethered the iris pupillary margin to the peripheral cornea. No patients showed characteristics of intrauterine infection, Rieger anomaly, ectopia lentis et pupillae, or iris coloboma. Amblyopia was not present in any of the patients. Three children demonstrated progression of the corectopia in the first 6 months of life. Two who developed shallow anterior chambers were treated surgically, one with an Nd:YAG laser and the other with incisional surgery. The third was treated with medical mydriasis. All four children have had favorable visual outcomes to date. The origin of the tethering strands is unclear but may be related to incomplete regression of vessels from the embryologic vascular system. We recommend medical or surgical intervention for unilateral corectopia when the pupillary aperture is displaced peripheral to the central visual axis or when the position of the iris threatens angle structures. Prophylactic occlusion therapy may also be indicated.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Idiopathic tractional corectopia. 771 3

We determined laser parameters and delivery system requirements for successful use of the potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser for strabismus surgery and its histopathologic effect on extraocular muscle, tendon, sclera, and cornea of human and rabbit eyes. Enucleated cadaver eyes and exenterated rabbit orbital contents were used. Using a 200-microns fiberoptic tip delivery system, varying laser energies were used to perform muscle insertion site and corneal damage, tenotomies, and myotomies. Pulse durations of 0.5 second and energies above 0.8 watt were needed for tenotomy or myotomy. No damage to the surrounding tissues or sclera was observed with laser tenotomy or myotomy performed 0.5 mm from the insertion site. Energy above 0.8 watt applied directly caused full thickness disruption. In comparison to scissor myotomy, the laser provided charring of the superficial tissues. This study shows that the KTP laser can be safely and accurately used for extraocular muscle tenotomy or myotomy.
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PMID:Application of the potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser during extraocular muscle surgery: technique and histopathology. 799 51

Crouzon's syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by premature craniosynostosis leading to multiple ocular abnormalities and vision loss. Strabismus, optic atrophy, exposure keratitis, hypertelorism, nystagmus, and unexplained visual loss have been reported. Keratoconus has been described only once previously in a patient with other ocular abnormalities. This article reports bilateral keratoconus in a patient with Crouzon's syndrome without other ocular pathology. We emphasize the importance of early recognition and therapy of this treatable cause of decreased vision in Crouzon's syndrome.
Cornea 1994 Jan
PMID:Bilateral keratoconus in Crouzon's syndrome. 813 12

I developed a new system of measuring ocular position using the first and fourth Purkinje images. This method used two images which were reflected from the front surface of the cornea and the back surface of the lens. I got a cross line from the first Purkinje image by putting a cross lens filter in front of the infrared camera. When I superimposed the vertical line upon the fourth image, I could get the optic axis of the eye. In order to measure the ocular position, I measured the angle of the optic axis. The accuracy of this system was +/- 0.1 degrees and the maximum error was smaller than +/- 0.5 degrees. Measurements with this system were easily obtained from squint patients and correlated well with results from the prism cover test (R2: 0.941). This measurement system was more useful than the prism cover test because I was able to measure horizontal deviations more precisely.
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PMID:[Measurement of ocular position using Purkinje images. Part 1. A new measurement system]. 835 83

The analysis of twenty-one observations with Peter Syndrome, shows that the disease was established by a disorder in the development of the mesoderm who gives birth at the posterior, stratum of cornea, iris stroma and angle of the posterior chamber. The disease was associated with cataract (nine cases), strabismus (seven cases), congenital glaucoma (five cases), microophthalmia (three cases), microcornea (four cases), remainders of the pupillary membrane (one case), vitreous opacities (one case), facial malformations (one case), congenital dacryocystitis (one case), nystagmus (four cases). The presence at the same patient of the posterior keratoconus or staphiloma of cornea at one eye and Peter syndromme at the other eye, is possible to say that these diseases are evolutionary stages by one and the same mesodermal disgenesia.
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PMID:[Ocular manifestations in Peters' syndrome]. 871 80

This study introduces an improved computing scheme for determining eye rotation from Purkinje images I and IV. The original computing scheme systematically underestimated eye rotation. Paraxial raytracing calculations revealed that this error resulted from failure to account for the fact that Purkinje images I and IV fall at different distances behind the cornea. The error could be overcome with a correction factor derived from paraxial raytracing calculations. A series of experiments were carried out to test the validity of this correlation factor, involving exact raytracing calculations as well as measurements on physical model eyes and human eyes. The influence on the correction factor of ocular surface asphericity, accommodation, age and ocular component variations were examined. The new method was also compared to Hirschberg's technique, which makes use of Purkinje image I alone, as a means of screening for strabismus.
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PMID:Improved computing scheme for measuring eye alignment with Purkinje images I and IV. 939 Mar 70

Aarskog syndrome is characterised by a disproportionately short stature and facial, skeletal and urogenital anomalies ('shawl' scrotum and cryptorchidism). Ophthalmic findings include a slight downward slant to the palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, blepharoptosis, strabismus, ophthalmoplegia, hypermetropic astigmatism and a large cornea. Findings on the extremities include joint hyperextensibility, short and broad hands, interdigital webbing, a short fifth finger, clinodactyly and broad feet with bulbous toes. We report on a 7 1/2-year-old boy with typical findings of Aarskog syndrome, hypermetropia and bilateral proximal implantation of the fifth toes. These associated abnormalities have hitherto never been described, to our knowledge.
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PMID:Aarskog syndrome associated with hypermetropia and toe anomaly. 949 38

The heightened interest in refractive corneal surgery has resulted in the increased utility of videokeratography in clinical practice. During this past year, studies have provided new information about the accuracy, reproducibility, limitations, and comparative strengths and weaknesses of different topographic devices. Videokeratography studies have yielded new information about the effects of surgical procedures such as excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy, radial keratotomy, penetrating keratoplasty, trabeculectomy, and strabismus surgery on the shape of the cornea. The use of these devices in fitting patients with keratoconus and patients who have had radial keratotomy with contact lenses is illustrated and subtle topographic abnormalities induced by rigid and soft contact lenses are reported. The early detection of keratoconus with videokeratography has provided new insights into the genetics of this disorder. Computer-assisted topographic devices are rapidly gaining acceptance as screening tools for the detection of early keratoconus in candidates for myopic refractive surgery.
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PMID:Corneal topography. 1014 68


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