Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

101 patients with acute leukemia in relapse were treated with 5-azacytidine according to three schedules: Regimen A--300 mg/m2(day divided intravenously at 8 hour intervals for 5 days; Regimen B--750 mg/m2 as a single iv pulse dose administered at 2 to 3 weeks intervals; and Regimen C--300 mg/m2/day by continuous infusion daily for 5 days. Twelve patients achieved a complete remission (CR) and six achieved a partial remission (PR) for an overall 18% response rate. Of 78 patients receiving an adequate trial the response rate was 23%. An average of 1.5 courses and a median of 5 weeks were necessary to achieve a response. The median duration of CR patients was 21 weeks and for PR patients it was 5 weeks. Response rates were 24% for Regimen A, 0 for Regimen B, and 1 of 8 for Regimen C. The CR rate for AML and AMML was 13%. Two of eight AMoL patients achieved a CR. Only 2 of 23 ALL patients responded, one of whom achieved a CR. Toxicity included moderate to severe nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, skin rash, and prolonged myelosuppression. 5-azacytidine has significant activity in the acute nonlymphoblastic leukemias.
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PMID:5-azacytidine in acute leukemia. 8 72

Gonadal and other types of leukemic "sanctuaries" are probably the main causes of hematological relapse in the treatment of acute leukemia. The introduction of high-dose Methotrexate (HDM) in a consolidation phase is based on theoretical considerations and the use of HDM in malignant tumors. Three courses of Methotrexate, 500 mg/sq.m. at 3-weekly intervals, has been used as part of a consolidation therapy in Norway during the last two years to 59 children with ALL and one with AML. One child died following HDM. Postmortem examination showed that she was not in complete remission at the time. Among 154 courses of HDM in the 60 patients were eight severe reactions, including six cases of allergic-toxic skin reactions. Two patients developed a Stevens-Johnson's like syndrome. Stomatitis was common in those with toxic reactions. The risk of HDM in patients who are not in complete remission is stressed and the use of rescue therapy with two doses of Leukovorin instead of one is recommended. Forty of forty-two children in 1st complete remission have been in sustained primary remission for 4 to 28 months. Two of these 40 children died after about a year from infections. Only two patients so far have relapsed.
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PMID:High dose methotrexate in acute lymphocytic leukemia in childhood. 14 30

Fourteen patients with relapsed or refractory acute leukemia received combination chemotherapy of mitoxantrone 6 mg/m2/day intravenously for three to six days and cytosine arabinoside 60 mg/m2/day intravenously over 24 hours continuously for five to ten days. Complete remission was attained in six patients (42.9%) and partial response in two patients (14.3%). Six patients (42.9%) had resistant disease, and four patients (28.6%) died during the myelosuppressive phase. Of the patients achieving complete remission, four relapsed and other two continued complete remission up to 27.3 months. Median remission duration was approximately 10.6 months. No significant difference was found with regard to the efficacy of our regimen between AML and ALL. Hematological toxicity was no more severe than the prior cumulative chemotherapy. Major non-hematologic side effects were nausea and vomiting (71.4%), stomatitis (64.3%) and liver dysfunction (57.1%), which were moderate and manageable, while no cardiotoxicity was observed in any patient. In conclusion, the combination chemotherapy of mitoxantrone and conventional dose cytosine arabinoside is an effective salvage therapy in relapsed or refractory acute leukemia, and our regimen has possible utility as first-line chemotherapy in de novo acute leukemia also.
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PMID:[Mitoxantrone and conventional-dose cytosine arabinoside for relapsed and refractory acute leukemia]. 158 Jun 38

21 patients with hematological neoplasias (8 ALL, 4 AML, 4 NHL, 5 HD) were treated with high dose therapy and autologous bone marrow rescue (ABMT). At the time of ABMT 12 patients were in CR, 6 in PR and 3 in relapse. 66% of the patients were at high risk at the time of diagnosis. Before ABMT patients received an ablative regimen such as cyclophosphamide or ARA-C, VP-16, DNR and 12 Gy TBI in 6 fractions. In 9 patients the bone marrow was treated in vitro with monoclonal antibodies and complement. The hospital stay was a median 33 (24-57) days and isolation 19 (9-49) days. Complications were septicemia (7), herpes stomatitis (7), infections (6), fungal sepsis (1) and hemorrhagic cystitis (2). Late complications (up to 6 months after ABMT) were pneumococcal sepsis (1), cerebral toxoplasmosis (1) and herpes zoster (3). 10 of 19 evaluable patients are alive and relapse-free 1-33 months (median 10) after ABTM, and 3 of 10 more than 2 years later: 4 of 5 were transplanted in 1. CR, 4 of 6 in greater than or equal to 2. CR and 2 of 8 in PR. 4 patients are living in therapy sensitive relapse 2, 11, 11 and 39 months after ABMT in 2. CR or PR. 5 patients died 1-13 (median 3.5) months on relapse, 2 of 21 from septicemia. The morbidity of ABMT is comparable with conventional high dose chemotherapy. Relapse-free survival was significantly influenced by the remission status at ABMT. Long-term survivors can be expected even in patients with high risk hematological malignancies. However, only wider trials will serve to establish the efficacy of ABMT.
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PMID:[Autologous bone marrow transfusion in the treatment of adults with hematologic neoplasms. Experiences from Bern]. 266 30

Twelve patients with hematological malignancies were treated with epirubicin and ten patients were evaluable. One out of our four patients with ALL, who had a previous therapy of anthracycline, achieved a partial remission (PR: 25%). In two patients with AML, remission was not obtained. Of four patients with NHL, one with B-cell lymphoma achieved complete remission (CR) and one with ATLL partial remission (CR + PR: 50%). Stomatitis was observed as a major side effect in three patients with acute leukemia and in one with NHL. In conclusion, our trial seems to show the efficacy of epirubicin in lymphoid malignancies.
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PMID:[Single-agent trial with epirubicin in hematological malignancies]. 347 May 33

AMSA was evaluated in the treatment of 109 adults with previously treated acute leukemia. Of the 102 evaluable patients, 82 had AML, 17 ALL, and 3 CML in blastic phase. A number of different dose schedules of AMSA were explored, and we conclude that the optimum dose of AMSA for remission induction in acute leukemia is 120 mg/sq m/day for 5 days. Complete remissions were observed in 23 (28%) patients with AML and in 1 patient with ALL. Patients who achieved complete remission were maintained on AMSA using a dose of 30-40 mg/sq m/day for 5 days repeated at 4-wk intervals. The median duration of complete remission was 12 wk (3-59 wk), and the responders survived significantly longer than the failures (27 wk versus 8 wk, p = 0.002). The side effects associated with AMSA therapy included mild nausea and vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhea, phlebitis, alopecia, and myelosuppression-related infections. Our results indicate that AMSA is a useful new antileukemic agent for the treatment of relapsed acute leukemia and appears to have activity comparable to that of the currently available drugs, such as cytarabine and the anthracycline antibiotics.
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PMID:Evaluation of AMSA in previously treated patients with acute leukemia: results of therapy in 109 adults. 695 87

Ten patients with AML refractory to anthracyclines and cytosine arabinoside were treated with vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 and methotrexate (MTX) 2.5 gm/m2 by intravenous (IV) bolus on day 1 [citrovorum factor (CF) rescue began 24 h later], BCNU 80 mg/m2, and cyclophosphamide 900 mg/m2 IV 36 h after MTX and MGBG 300 mg/m2 IV over 1-2 h on days 3, 4, and 5. Bone marrow aplasia was achieved in all patients by day 12. Five patients (50%) achieved complete remission (CR). Two patients died of sepsis during induction. The median duration of remission was 24 weeks (range 8-38). Maintenance therapy was employed in three patients (high-dose MTX-CF in 2 and MGBG plus BCNU in 1), but did not appear to significantly increase the duration of remission. Nausea and vomiting occurred in eight patients. Five patients developed moderate stomatitis and one developed a moderately severe cutaneous reaction. This pilot experience demonstrates that patients with refractory AML can achieve CR after aggressive treatment with so-called second-line drugs. and may indicate that collateral sensitivity to MTX exists in cells which have become resistant to anthracyclines, a situation we previously described in an experimental cell line.
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PMID:Treatment of patients with refractory myelogenous leukemia with BCOMM[1,3-bis-chloro(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), oncovin (vincristine), cyclophosphamide, high-dose methotrexate and methyl-glyoxal bis-guanylhydrazone (MGBG)]. 695 16

Fifty-one patients (47 evaluable) with AML, 27 in first relapse and 20 either in second relapse or refractory were treated with menogaril, 100 mg/m2/day as a 90-min infusion daily for 5 days. The complete response (CR) rate was 17% (8/47), and there was one partial response. Seven of eight responders were in first relapse with a 26% response rate among first relapse patients (7/27). The median duration of survival was 3 months for all first relapse patients and 4.3 months for all other patients. Toxicity included grades 3-4 pancytopenia and fever (100% of patients) and grades 3-4 stomatitis and hepatic enzyme elevation (25% of patients). Grades 3-4 cardiac toxicity occurred in three patients (two grade 3 arrhythmias and one heart block). All had previously received anthracyclines. Remission duration was 1.6-48+ months; two patients underwent bone marrow transplantation and continue in CR at 36+ and 48+ months. The nontransplanted patients remained in CR 1.6, 2.0, 3, 7, 14 and 27 months. Activity and toxicity of menogaril in this study were comparable to that of other clinically useful anthracyclines in AML. Further investigation of this agent in AML is warranted.
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PMID:A phase II study of menogaril (7R-O-methylnogarol) in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia: a study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. 756 2

Five children with AML were treated with high-doses of Ara-C (2 g/m2) during consolidation. After 17 cycles the toxicity was evaluated. Granulocytopenia (< 0.5 x 10(9)/l) and thrombocytopenia (< 25 x 10(9)/l) were stated after 15/17 and 13/17 cycles respectively. The nadir of bone marrow suppression appeared between day 10 and 14. In one case treatment related death during severe myelosuppression was noted. In individual cases jaundice with elevated activity of aminotransferases, paralytic ileus and pulmonary oedema were observed. All these adverse reactions were reversible. Other toxicities such as nausea/vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhea, infections and drug related fever were transient. No neurologic toxicity was seen. There is a need for developing a new way of the administration of high-dose Ara-C which could substantially reduce toxicity of the drug.
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PMID:[Preliminary evaluation of adverse effects after administration of arabinoside cytosine (Ara-C) in high doses to children with acute myelogenous leukemia]. 820 12

In order to develop new strategies for the treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia, the German AML Cooperative Group performed a prospective multicenter phase II study to evaluate the antileukemic efficacy of aclarubicin 60 mg/m2/day and etoposide 100 mg/m2/day each given for 5 days. Of 37 heavily pretreated evaluable patients (median age 42 years, range 18-81) 15 (40%) achieved a remission after one or two courses of treatment consisting of nine complete (24%) and six partial remissions (16%). Fourteen (38%) cases were non-responders and eight (22%) patients suffered from early deaths. Disease-free survival for patients in remission and overall survival were 3.2 months each. The median duration of critical neutropenia <500/microl was 27 days. The most frequent non-hematologic side-effects were stomatitis (WHO III/IV, 48%), infections (40%), nausea/vomiting (26%) and diarrhea (24%). Cardiac toxicity was mild. This study suggests a substantial antileukemic efficacy and an acceptable toxicity of aclarubicin in combination with etoposide in heavily pretreated patients with advanced acute myeloid leukemia, and warrants further evaluations in a more favorable stage of the disease.
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PMID:Combination of aclarubicin and etoposide for the treatment of advanced acute myeloid leukemia: results of a prospective multicenter phase II trial. German AML Cooperative Group. 976 94


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