Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case report has been presented demonstrating the influence of chronic renal failure in the development of oral disease. Uremic stomatitis is a disease entity that requires both local and systemic therapy. The primary emphasis is directed toward the correction of the systemic pathology for proper resolution of the oral condition.
J Periodontol 1975 Dec
PMID:Uremic stomatitis: report of a case. 106 Jul 52

Interferons induce a number of different proteins that mediate the antiproliferative, antiviral, and immunomodulatory functions of interferons. At least three different proteins mediate the antiviral response, and one of them, Mx protein, specifically inhibits the replication of influenza virus and (vesicular stomatitis virus). Mouse and rat Mx1 proteins are nuclear, whereas other presently known Mx proteins are cytoplasmic. The cellular functions of Mx proteins are unknown, but all of them contain a consensus GTP binding site. Very little information is available on the structure and characteristics of the mouse Mx1 protein itself. For biochemical characterization, we expressed mouse Mx1 protein in a baculovirus system and purified it to homogeneity. The purified protein as well as the authentic murine cellular Mx1 protein exists in dimers and trimers in the presence of dissociating solvents, whereas in physiological buffers they form aggregates. Cross-linking experiments done on Mx-expressing cells from various species revealed that mouse, rat, and human Mx proteins exist predominantly in trimers. Amino acid sequence analysis shows that all known Mx proteins have conserved leucine repeats typical for a leucine zipper at their COOH-terminal end. In vitro translation of chimeric catechol O-methyltransferase-Mx1 gene constructs revealed that the leucine zipper domain of Mx1 protein is responsible for the oligomerization. The COOH terminus also functions as a nuclear localization signal. Microinjection of purified oligomers into the cell cytoplasm resulted in a fast accumulation of the protein in the resulted in a fast accumulation of the protein in the nucleus. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that nuclear murine Mx1 protein exists in distinct, electron-dense structures separate from nuclear membrane, and chromatin, or nucleolus. These observations reveal that a COOH-terminal leucine zipper domain is an important structural element of all Mx proteins. Its relevance to the biology and functions of Mx proteins is presently not known.
J Biol Chem 1992 Dec 25
PMID:Interferon-induced Mx proteins form oligomers and contain a putative leucine zipper. 128 77

Various polyoxometalates proved inhibitory to the replication of a number of enveloped DNA and RNA viruses, i.e., herpesviruses (herpes simplex and cytomegalo), togaviruses (Sindbis), paramyxoviruses (respiratory syncytial), rhabdoviruses (vesicular stomatitis), arenaviruses (Junin and Tacaribe), and retroviruses [human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2), simian immunodeficiency virus, and murine sarcoma virus]. The most potent compounds, i.e., JM1590 [K13[Ce(SiW11O39)2]. 26H2O] and JM2766 [K6[BGa(H2O)W11O39]. 15H2O], inhibited HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus at concentrations as low as 0.008-0.8 microM. The polyoxometalates also inhibited giant cell formation in co-cultures of HIV-infected HUT-78 cells and uninfected MOLT-4 cells. Studies designed to unravel the mechanism of action of these compounds revealed that they inhibit the reverse transcriptase activity associated with HIV. The polyoxometalates also proved inhibitory to the binding of HIV-1 virions to the cells. From "time of addition" experiments, whereby the polyoxometalates were added at different times after virus infection, their mechanism of anti-HIV action could be attributed to inhibition of virus-cell binding. There was a good correlation (r = 0.84) between the inhibitory effects of the compounds on HIV-1-induced cytopathicity and their inhibitory effects on syncytium formation and a close correlation (r = 0.902) between their inhibitory effects on syncytium formation and their interaction with gp120, whereas there was no correlation between their anti-HIV-1 activity and their inhibitory effects on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. In flow cytometric studies, the compounds did not interfere with the binding of OKT4A/Leu-3a monoclonal antibody to the CD4 receptor of uninfected cells, but they inhibited binding of anti-gp120 monoclonal antibody to HIV-1-infected cells. Thus, the binding of the polyoxometalates to the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 is responsible for their anti-HIV activity.
Mol Pharmacol 1992 Dec
PMID:Mechanism of anti-human immunodeficiency virus action of polyoxometalates, a class of broad-spectrum antiviral agents. 128 64

Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) administered by inhaler is a very useful drug for the treatment of bronchial asthma. In this therapy, it is very important to use steroids systematically to induce a complete remission of asthma attack (first step) and then begin to use BDP a dose of more than 800 micrograms to maintain remission (second step). We treated 27 difficult asthmatics with this therapy and found this new method very useful. The characteristics of asthmatics were as follows. 1) The age ranged from 37 to 82, and the mean age (+/- S.E.) was 58.9 (+/- 2.6) years old. 2) The onset age ranged from 27 to 74 with a mean age (+/- S.E.) of 46.9 (+/- 2.6) year old. 3) The number of non-atopy was 22 cases. 4) The follow-up duration ranged from 5 to 45 months with a mean (+/- S.E.) of 15 (+/- 2.0) months. The results were as follows. 1) The complete remission rate was 48%, partial remission 37% and unchanged 15%. 2) There was a significant increase only in %VC. 3) The peripheral eosinophil count was decreased significantly. 4) The log value of PC20 concentration by acetylcholine increased significantly by a factor of 2.94 to 3.28. 5) After this therapy, the mean serum cortisol level at 9:00 a.m. was 10.1 (+/- 3.8, S.E.) micrograms/ml. There were only 2 cases whose cortisol level were under the normal. 6) There were many oral side effects, namely stomatitis with 5 cases and hoarseness with 8.
Arerugi 1992 Dec
PMID:[A new steroid therapy for difficult asthmatics--an induction and maintenance, two-step therapy]. 129 Apr 12

To define the effects of pp60v-src activity at different intracellular sites, we have constructed chimeric molecules which target the pp60v-src kinase to specific intracellular locations. pp60v-src was targeted to the nucleus by insertion of the SV40 large T antigen nuclear localization signal. Nuclear pp60v-src was active as a tyrosine kinase and phosphorylated nuclear proteins at tyrosine. However, cells expressing the nuclear pp60v-src were phenotypically normal by a number of criteria, and nuclear src kinase did not induce the expression of an mRNA (CEF-4) whose induction is characteristic of transformation by wild-type v-src. pp60v-src was targeted to perinuclear membranes by fusion to rat growth hormone and vesicular stomatitis G protein sequences. Cells expressing this chimeric molecule were phenotypically normal by most criteria. However the perinuclear src protein did induce elevated levels of CEF-4 mRNA, indicating that the v-src kinase expressed at this site induces partial transformation. The v-src and activated c-src kinases were targeted to adhesion plaques by fusion to the talin-binding sequence of vinculin. Cells expressing these fusion proteins were transformed by morphological, physiological and biochemical criteria, although the foci induced by these viruses were distinct from those induced by wild-type v-src. A chimeric protein which targeted c-src to adhesion plaques was not transforming. Thus targeting pp60src to adhesion plaques, although not sufficient to activate the transforming capacity of c-src, is sufficient to allow transformation by v-src.
Oncogene 1992 Dec
PMID:Intracellular targeting of pp60src expression: localization of v-src to adhesion plaques is sufficient to transform chicken embryo fibroblasts. 133 49

The infection of cells by vesicular stomatitis virus results in the rapid inhibition of host-cell protein synthesis, but not of viral protein synthesis. To determine if this translational selectivity might be conferred by the viral mRNA, we constructed a plasmid (pUCLN beta-4) containing the 5' end of the viral nucleocapsid (N)-gene, including the ribosome binding site, fused in frame with the gene encoding beta-galactosidase, and compared it to a control plasmid (pMC1924) containing the cellular rabbit beta-globin gene 5' end fused with the beta-galactosidase encoding gene. Both plasmids contained identical promoter and 3' nontranslated regions and expressed similar levels of beta-galactosidase in the indicator cell line 293. In cells transfected with either plasmid, viral infection resulted in a approximately 70% decrease in protein synthesis by five hours. The level of beta-galactosidase from cells transfected with pMC1924 also decreased concomitantly with the decrease in total protein synthesis. However, the level of beta-galactosidase from cells transfected with pUCLN beta-4 was not affected by viral infection. Our data suggest that sequences in the 5' end of the viral mRNA allow for the selective translation of the viral message in the presence of an inhibited translational machinery.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992 Dec 30
PMID:5' sequence of vesicular stomatitis virus N-gene confers selective translation of mRNA. 133 74

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is able to perform a variety of functions because of its high degree of plasma membrane polarity. Some aspects of this polarity such as the localization of the majority of Na-K ATPase to the apical membrane distinguish the RPE from kidney cells and most other transporting epithelia. The polarized budding of enveloped viruses such as vesicular stomatitis and influenza from the basolateral and apical membrane, respectively, has been used to study mechanisms underlying the domain-specific sorting of membrane proteins in cultured epithelial cell lines. These processes also serve as a useful index of the degree of polarization in epithelial cell cultures. Viral budding from apical and basolateral RPE membranes was used in this study to determine whether the sorting of viral envelope membrane proteins by the RPE is reversed in polarity from that of kidney cells and, if so, whether this might predict a fundamental difference in membrane protein sorting for RPE. The results clearly indicate that the polarity of viral membrane sorting and subsequent viral budding is the same in RPE as in other polarized epithelial cell lines examined to date.
Exp Eye Res 1992 Dec
PMID:Polarized budding of vesicular stomatitis and influenza virus from cultured human and bovine retinal pigment epithelium. 133 32

The in vitro fidelity of the virion-associated RNA polymerase of vesicular stomatitis virus was quantitated for a single conserved viral RNA site and the usual high in vitro base misincorporation error frequencies (approx. 10(-3)) were observed at this (guanine) site. We sought evidence for RNA 3'-->5' exonuclease proofreading mechanisms by varying the concentrations of the next nucleoside triphosphate, by incorporation of nucleoside[1-thio]triphosphate analogues of the four natural RNA nucleosides, and by varying the concentrations of pyrophosphate in the in vitro polymerase reaction. None of these perturbations greatly affected viral RNA polymerase fidelity at the site studied. These results fail to show evidence for proofreading exonuclease activity associated with the virion replicase of an RNA virus. They suggest that RNA virus replication might generally be error-prone, because RNA replicase base misincorporations are proofread very inefficiently or not at all.
Gene 1992 Dec 15
PMID:Lack of evidence for proofreading mechanisms associated with an RNA virus polymerase. 133 56

Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and -gamma differed in their action against influenza virus and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) on pig cells. Recombinant IFN-alpha severely impaired the cytopathic effect of VSV on PK-15 cells, whereas recombinant porcine IFN-gamma did not. IFN-alpha impaired also the replication of VSV and of influenza virus in primary pig kidney cells in contrast to IFN-gamma, which failed to induce an efficient antiviral state against both viruses. Otherwise, the IFN system seemed to work properly in pig cells since both IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma induced an efficient antiviral state to mengovirus. The establishment of the antiviral state to VSV and influenza virus correlated with the induction of two cytoplasmic proteins related to the murine Mx protein involved in the selective resistance of mice to influenza virus infection. The results are discussed in the context of the susceptibility of pigs to influenza virus strains that are in circulation in birds and in humans.
J Interferon Res 1992 Dec
PMID:Virus-specific effects of recombinant porcine interferon-gamma and the induction of Mx proteins in pig cells. 133 54

In the present study the therapeutic efficacy and the side effects of two antiretroviral compounds used in human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) research, 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT, zidovudine, Retrovir) and 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA), were investigated in the treatment of cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and cats naturally infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV). AZT was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 5 mg kg-1 body weight every 12 h and PMEA was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 2.5 mg kg-1 body weight every 12 h during a 3 week hospitalization. The therapeutic efficacy of both compounds was investigated. There was a stronger potency of PMEA than of AZT on the regression of stomatitis in FIV and in FeLV infected cats. In addition, in FIV infection PMEA had a stronger effect on the improvement of the general clinical status. Both antiretroviral compounds were potent agents to improve the immunologic status of FIV infected cats by raising the CD4/CD8 ratio. In FeLV infection PMEA and AZT appeared to reduce antigenemia. The hematological side effects caused by PMEA were severe and stronger than those of AZT. Therefore the advantage of PMEA in clinical and immunologic improvement was diminished by the hematologic disorders, which do not allow long term treatment with this drug in the dose used.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1992 Dec
PMID:Use of two virustatica (AZT, PMEA) in the treatment of FIV and of FeLV seropositive cats with clinical symptoms. 136 8


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