Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vesicular stomatitis virus mRNAs from three of the four bands fractionated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 99% formamide have been eluted from gels and translated in the Krebs II ascites cell-free system. Band 2 mRNA (0.7 times 10-6 daltons) directed the synthesis of the protein moiety of the glycoprotein (G), and band 3 (0.55 times 10-6 daltons) coded for the nucleocapsid (N) protein. Band 4 mRNA (o.28 times 10-6 daltons) directed the synthesis of the NS and matrix (M) proteins. The authenticity of viral proteins synthesized in vitro was shown by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by analysis of (35-S)metionine-labeled tryptic peptides. These results are consistent with the complexity analysis and coding capacities for the vesicular stomatitis virus mRNA species presented in the accompanying paper.
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PMID:Translation of individual species of vesicular stomatitis viral mRNA. 16 11

Poly(A)-containing vesicular stomatitis virus mRNA species synthesized in vesicular stomatitis virus-infected cells have been separated into four bands by electrophoresis on formamide-polyacrylamide gels. Two-dimensional fingerprints of ribonuclease T-1 and ribonuclease A digests of the RNA from each band show that they contain unique oligonucleotide sequences as well as 60 to 125 nucleotides of poly(A). The fingerprints were used to determine the nucleotide sequence complexities of RNA from three of the bands. Two contain nucleotide sequences which account completely for their molecular weights (0.70 times 10-6 and 0.55 times 10-6) determined by gel electrophoresis and sedimentation rate, and, therefore, these are radiochemically pure RNA species. The most rapidly migrating band must contain two ro three different RNA species since it has a molecular weight of 0.28 times 10-6, determined by physical methods, and a nucleotide sequence complexity two to three times that expected for a pure RNA species of this size. These data are in complete accord with translational studies (accompanying paper) which show that each of the two pure RNA species codes for a distinct viral protein, whereas the third codes for two viral proteins. From the molecular weight and sequence complexity determinations on mRNA from the bands, we conclude that most of the vesicular stomatitis virus genome is transcribed into discrete mRNA species.
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PMID:Nucleotide sequence complexities, molecular weights, and poly(A) content of the vesicular stomatitis virus mRNA species. 16 28

A chromosomally stable mouse-Chinese hamster hybrid cell line was subjected to five rounds of selection with cytotoxic antisera raised in rabbits against either the parental mouse 3T3 cells or the parental Chinese hamster Wg-1 cells. Routine karyological analysis of clones isolated at each stage of serum selection revealed that treatment with either serum resulted in a limited loss of chromosomes (compared to the untreated hybrid cell cultured in parallel) and that the pattern of chromosome loss could not be correlated with the particular antiserum used for selection. However, more detailed analysis with the SSC-formamide C-banding technique, which identifies chromosomes containing a mouse centromere region, demonstrated that while large-scale chromosome loss was not achieved as a result of antiserum selection, the limited loss of chromosomes did, in fact, reflect a specific depletion of chromosomes in response to treatment with cytotoxic antiserum. Specific chromosomal elimination was shown to occur as early as the first round of antiserum treatment. Antigenic analysis of the serum-selected clones revealed a quantitative decrease in the expression of the species-specific surface antigens selected against, but no qualitative loss of antigens was detected. The results suggest that treatment with cytotoxic antiserum may select for clones that have lost specific chromosomes bearing genes regulating the expression of species-specific surface antigens, rather than for those demonstrating large-scale depletion of chromosomes bearing the corresponding structural genes. Some of these chromosomally depleted hybrid cell clones have been used (along with pseudotype viruses containing the genome of vesicular stomatitis virus within the envelope of murine leukemia virus, VSV [MuLV]), to study the mechanisms regulating MuLV replication in Chinese hamster cells. The results indicate that the restriction of MuLV replication in Chinese hamster cells operates at two levels: (a) an inability to adsorb to or penetrate Chinese hamster cells; and (b) an additional intracellular block which is dominant in the mouse-Chinese hamster hybrid cell clones examined. This latter block is presently under study.
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PMID:Chromosomally depleted interspecific hybrid cell clones selected with cytotoxic antisera: utilization in the study of control of murine leukemia virus host-range. 17 36

A modified procedure for analysis of RNA in denaturing formamide-polyacrylamide slab gels containing 6 M urea is described. Using this technique, in conjucntion with fluorographic analysis, we determined molecular weights and molar ratios of the various vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) induced RNAs in BHK21 cells. A comparison of the molar ratios of virus-specific mRHAs and their putative protein products in these cells suggests that there is little, if any, translational control of viral gene expression during acute VSV infection.
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PMID:Determination of molar ratios of vesicular stomatitis virus induced RNA species in BHK21 cells. 17 52

Full-length virion RNA and complementary mRNA's of vesicular stomatitis virus can be annealed to each other, digested with RNases, and then separated as five unique duplex RNA molecules on polyacrylamide slab gels. Similar RNA duplexes were detected whether mRNA or virion RNA was the radioactive component and whether the mRNA was synthesized in vitro or in vivo. The sharp banding pattern of these RNA molecules was dependent on treatment with RNase T2, suggesting that removal of poly(A) is necessary. Identification of the coding region contained in each RNA duplex was based on their previous identification as single-stranded mRNA on formamide-containing, polyacrylamide gels. Because the two smallest mRNA'S had not been previously separated, their identification was based on their in vitro transcriptional gene order. In the order of increasing mobilities on the slab gels, the RNA duplexes are identified as the hybrid of the region of the genome RNA hybridized to the complementary mRNA coding for the large protein, the glycoprotein, the nucleocapsid protein, the core-associated NS protein, and the matrix protein (L,G,N,NS, and M). Several lines of evidence support the presence of undegraded complete mRNA, excluding poly(A), in these RNA duplexes. Also, the two smallest mRNA's, separated by duplex formation, were denatured, and their individual oligonucleotide fingerprints were determined. From chemical length determinations, the molecular weights of the mRNA, minus poly(A), are 2.78 X 10(5) and 2.5 X 10(5), respectively, for the mRNA's of the NS and M proteins.
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PMID:RNA synthesis of vesicular stomatitis virus. VII. Complete separation of the mRNA's of vesicular stomatitis virus by duplex formation. 19 36

In water or dimethyl sulfoxide solutions cis-platinum is subject of time depending solvolytic reactions leading to compounds with different biological effectivity. Whereas the inactivation of vaccinia, vesicular stomatitis and adeno virus type 5 was not changed if dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethyl formamide instead of destilled water were used as solvents, long time stored solutions of cis-platinum in dimethyl sulfoxide were tolerated by cells cultivated in vitro in 8-25 times higher concentrations in comparison with a freshly solved preparation. Their antiviral effectivity was maintained. On the other hand experiments with mice showed that simultaneously with the decrease of toxicity of an aged cis-platinum solution in DMSO also its antileukemic activity disappeared. In a 5 weeks old cis-platinum solution in destilled water antitumor activity was preserved in spite of enhanced toxicity.
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PMID:[Biological activity of transition metal complexes. 5. Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on the cytotoxic, antiviral and antitumoral properties of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II): "cisplatin"]. 608 77

Two alternate mechanisms of mRNA capping for spring viremia of carp virus have been observed. Under normal reaction conditions, a ppG residue of the capping GTP is transferred to a pA moiety of the 5' termini of mRNA transcripts. However, in reaction conditions where GppNHp is used instead of GTP, an alternate capping mechanism occurs whereby a pG residue of the capping GTP is transferred to a ppA moiety of the transcripts. The first mechanism is identical to that described previously for vesicular stomatitis virus (G. Abraham, D. P. Rhodes, and A. K. Banerjee, Nature [London] 255:37-40, 1975; A. K. Banerjee, S. A. Moyer, and D. P. Rhodes, Virology 61:547-558, 1974), and thus appears to be a conserved function during the evolution of rhabdoviruses. The alternate mechanism of capping indicates not only that capping can take place by two procedures, but also that the substrate termini have di- or triphosphate 5' ends, indicating that they are probably independently initiated. An analog of ATP, AppNHp, has been found to completely inhibit the initiation of transcription by spring viremia of carp virus, suggesting that a cleavage between the beta and gamma phosphates of ATP is essential for the initiation of transcription. However, in the presence of GppNHp, uncapped (ppAp and pppAp), capped (GpppAp), and capped methylated (m7GpppAmpAp and GpppAmpAp) transcripts are detected. Size analyses of oligodeoxythymidylic acid-cellulose-bound transcripts resolved by formamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that full-size mRNA transcripts are synthesized as well as larger RNA species. The presence of GppNHp and S-adenosylhomocysteine in reaction mixtures did not have any effect on the type of unmethylated transcription products. Our results favor a transcription model postulated previously (D. H. L. Bishop, in H. Fraenkel-Conrat and R. R. Wagner, ed., Comprehensive Virology, vol. 10, Plenum Press, New York, 1977; D. H. L. Bishop and A. Flamand, in D. C. Burke and W. C. Russell, ed., Control Processes in Virus Multiplication, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1975; D. H. L. Bishop and M. S. Smith, in D. Nayak, ed., The Molecular Biology of Animal Viruses, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1977; P. Roy and D. H. L. Bishop, J. Virol. 11:487-501, 1973) in which mRNA synthesis is initiated independently; they do not support a model for transcripts being synthesized by plus-strand cleavage (A. K. Banerjee, G. Abraham, and R. J. Colonno, J. Gen. Virol. 34:1-8, 1977; A. K. Banerjee, R. J. Colonno, D. Testa, and M. T. Franze-Fernandez, in B. M. J. Mahy and R. D. Barry, ed., Negative Strand Viruses and the Host Cells, Academic Press, London, 1978).
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PMID:Alternate capping mechanisms for transcription of spring viremia of carp virus: evidence for independent mRNA initiation. 1678 87