Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The nutritional status of 66 part Aborginines was re-examined in 1974--with particular reference to blood levels of haemoglobin and vitamins--after white bread fortified with iron and the vitamins B1 and PP (niacin) had been available for six and half months to the population of Bourke, New South Wales. The results found in 1971 and 1974 are compared. A significant improvement from deficient to acceptable blood levels of vitamins B1 and B6 was found in 44% and 52% of the subjects respectively. This attributed to the comsumption of fortified bread since the levels of the other vitamins had remained either unchanged or worsened. The biochemical improvement in vitamin B6 is attributed to the sparing effect of vitamin PP on vitamin B6 requirement because the conversion of tryptophan to niacin is impaired in vitamin B6 deficiency. Iron deficiency anaemia in children had decreased by 50% but this could have been due to many other factors besides the iron which had been added to the bread. Clinically there was a marked decrease in angular stomatitis and skin xerosis which could be related to the biochemical improvement of the two B-vitamins and a decrease in active trachoma and suppurative otitis media probably due to intensive treatment received since 1971. The results of this study and the extent of biochemical vitamin B1 and B6 deficiency found in other groups, indicate that fortification of bread may be of benefit to the community as a whole.
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PMID:Nutrition in the Australian aborginines--effects of the fortification of white flour. 105 22

Using methods designed for isolation of mutants defective in receptor-mediated endocytosis, a novel L-cell mutant was obtained that exhibits resistance to three different protein toxins as well as alterations in secretion. This mutant, LEFIC, is resistant to modeccin, Pseudomonas exotoxin, and ricin. These toxins, which enter the cytoplasm via receptor-mediated endocytosis, are thought to penetrate into cells at the level of late endosomes or the trans Golgi network. Early endosomal acidification appears to be normal in the mutant based on its accumulation of iron from transferrin and its sensitivity to diphtheria toxin A chain-transferrin conjugate. Within the secretory pathway two delays in transport of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) G protein were observed in LEFIC: a 20-30 min delay in acquisition of Endo H resistance and a 1-2 hr delay in appearance of newly synthesized G protein on the cell surface. Movement of endogenous proteins along the secretory pathway was also affected in LEFIC. Fibronectin secretion was delayed by 15 min, and membrane proteins were delayed in arrival at the cell surface. The phenotype of LEFIC is consistent with a defect in a component or compartment shared by both the late endocytic and constitutive secretory pathways.
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PMID:A toxin-resistant mouse L-cell mutant defective in protein transport along the secretory pathway. 164 40

The authors report a case of a 17 year old young man, who entered our hospital for a severe iron lack anemia reported to ice cubes ingestion (Pagophagia). Such cases are reported in the literature. Usually, Pagophagia is a compulsive eating (Pica) caused by iron deficiency. Pagophagia could improve non hematologic symptoms of iron deficiency such as stomatitis and glossitis.
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PMID:[Anemia caused by iron deficiency and pagophagia. Apropos of a case]. 209 23

A series of 322 patients presenting with non-ulcerative conditions of the oral mucosa was examined for haematological abnormalities. The series was divided into 5 major groups--lichen planus (103 patients), candidiasis (50), leukoplakia (30), stomatitis or glossitis (66), and a miscellaneous group (73). The prevalence of anaemia, and deficiences in iron, folate and vitamin B12 in each group were compared with that found in 100 controls. The prevalence of anaemia in the series as a whole was not significantly increased, but the prevalences of sideropenia (14.0%), folate deficiency (4.7%) and vitamin B12 deficiency (3.1%) were increased as compared with controls. The prevalence of a haematological abnormality was increased in patients with lichen planus (18/103 p less than 0.05), stomatitis (15/66 p less than 0.01) and particularly in patients with Candidiasis (18/50 p less than 0.001). In the stomatitis group, approximately 45% of the male patients were found to have some haematological deficiency compared with less than 20% of the female patients. The increased prevalence of haematological deficiences suggests that patients presenting with non-ulcerative conditions of the oral mucosa (particularly candidiasis and non-specific stomatitis) should be screened haematologically and that, in some patients with candidiasis, haematological deficiencies may predispose towards candidal infection.
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PMID:Haematological abnormalities in oral lichen planus, candidiasis, leukoplakia and non-specific stomatitis. 308 7

Up to 60% of the population carry Candida albicans as part of the oral flora without having evidence of candidiasis. The pleomorphic clinical manifestations of oral candidiasis viz. thrush, denture stomatitis, angular cheilitis, median rhomboid glossitis, speckled leukoplakia, and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and its variants are briefly discussed. Current diagnostic techniques of oral candidiasis (OC) are reviewed. A simple and quick method of helping the clinician in the diagnosis of OC by taking a direct smear of the lesion is emphasized. OC is a 'disease of the diseased'. As a routine a full blood picture, serum iron and serum folate levels should be looked at. Several predisposing causes of OC need to be investigated. An up-date on the treatment of OC with nystatin, amphotericin B lozenges, clotrimazole and miconazole is made.
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PMID:Oral candidiasis--its pleomorphic clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. 391 9

A series of iron chelating agents including the bacterial siderophores, parabactin and bis-N1,N8(2,3 dihydroxybenzoyl )spermidine, and four related compounds were synthesized and tested biologically. They were found: (a) to inhibit growth of cultured L1210 leukemia cells at IC50 values of 2-14 microM, (b) to inhibit replication of the DNA virus, herpes simplex type I, in monkey kidney cells at IC50 values of 0.4 microM ( parabactin ) to 55 microM, and (c) to be inactive against the RNA virus, vesicular stomatitis, at concentrations up to 1 mM. All effects were fully preventable by exogenous Fe (III). The activities correlated generally with the iron formation constants (10(36) to 10(48) moles/1) and more specifically with the lipophilicity of the compounds. The data suggest inhibition of DNA (but not RNA) synthesis by interference with the iron-containing enzyme, ribonucleotide reductase.
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PMID:Antineoplastic and antiherpetic activity of spermidine catecholamide iron chelators. 633 31

Changes in the oral microbial flora, some of which are related to mucosal disease, have been detected in the elderly, but the causes are not fully understood. This study has examined the possible role of micronutrient depletions in the reduced colonisation resistance and oral infection exhibited by some elderly subjects. The oral health, oral microbiology and micronutrient status of 37 geriatric patients aged 65-91 years (mean 81 years) were examined. Ten of the patients had no oral mucosal disease. Mucosal pathology in the remainder included erythema (27%), denture stomatitis (24%), angular cheilitis (16%) and atrophic glossitis (41%). Those with mucosal pathology had significantly lower serum iron concentrations (P = 0.02). Serum or plasma concentrations of zinc, copper, selenium, C-reactive protein, transferrin, caeruloplasmin, albumin, vitamin A and vitamin E were not significantly different between those with oral disease and those with healthy mouths. Similarly, activity of the selenium-containing enzyme, red cell glutathione peroxidase, did not differ significantly between the two groups. In both groups, plasma selenium concentrations (82%), red cell glutathione peroxidase activity (47%), plasma zinc concentrations (58%) and albumin concentrations (44%) tended to be below the lower limit of the reference interval. The influence of subclinical infection on these values is discussed.
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PMID:The relationship between micronutrient depletion and oral health in geriatrics. 804 54

The authors review the literature on aetiopathogenesis and therapeutic management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The data regarding the role of genetic, nutritional and microbiological factors in the genesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis has been particularly examined. Despite significant associations with some antigens HLA have been reported in Southern Europe, there is no clear genetic predisposition in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Several studies have analyzed the importance of iron, folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiencies, gluten intolerance and sensitivity to certain foods in the triggering of recurrent aphthous stomatitis however the results have been controversial. Recently, it has been suggested that recurrent aphthous stomatitis could be caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster virus and/or cytomegalovirus but these viruses may be reactivated by the immunodysregulation known to underlie recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Moreover, antiviral drugs appear to have only an equivocal effect on recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is probably determined by immunological mechanisms although there actually no unifying hypothesis which attempt to integrate the results of the many immunologic studies on recurrent aphotous stomatitis. Moreover, the target antigen and the cause of recurrences of recurrent aphthous stomatitis are still unknown. As far as the management of this disease it is important to recognize recurrent aphthous stomatitis secondary to systemic diseases like Behcet's syndrome, gluten enteropathy and haematinics deficiencies. Subsequently, the symptoms can be reduced with several drugs (mainly topical corticosteroids) but there are no effective therapies preventing recurrences.
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PMID:[Recurrent aphthous stomatitis: current etiopathogenetic and therapeutic concepts]. 872 Dec 6

Stomatitis is a troublesome adverse effect of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. This review presents data to examine the incidence, clinical features and consequences of DMARD-related stomatitis, and suggests an algorithm for its clinical management. The specific objectives of the two studies presented here were to determine the incidence of DMARD-related stomatitis and its effect on DMARD continuation, and secondly to identify the clinical and laboratory risk factors. We investigated two cohorts of patients: (i) a retrospective survey of data collected from drug monitoring clinics run for patients on DMARDs from 1987 to 1994 involving 1539 patients and 2394 drug exposures; (ii) a prospective study of 25 consecutive RA patients presenting with DMARD-related stomatitis compared to 29 RA controls with no history of DMARD stomatitis. The retrospective survey showed that 2% of DMARD patients stopped therapy because of stomatitis, but 55% of these were able to resume the same therapy. In the case control study. 24% of patients discontinued temporarily and 8% permanently. Cases of DMARD-related stomatitis differed from controls in that they had a higher incidence of previous mouth ulcers (40% vs 14%), they smoked less (8% vs 31%) and Schirmer's test was more often abnormal (44% vs 21%). There were no differences in RA severity, disease activity or oral hygiene. Haematinic deficiencies were equally common in cases and controls: 30% for iron, 8% for vitamin B12 and 24% for folic acid. Herpes simplex virus was involved in a minority (8%) of cases. In conclusion, the occurrence of stomatitis in RA patients on DMARD should not lead to cessation of drug therapy, but to a careful evaluation so that patients may be maintained on effective treatment.
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PMID:Management of oral complications of disease-modifying drugs in rheumatoid arthritis. 915 43

Three cases of clinical riboflavin deficiency are reported in children aged 2-10 years attending a regional Cystic Fibrosis clinic. Riboflavin deficiency presented as angular stomatitis in all three patients. Patients were confirmed to be riboflavin deficient by assaying the activity of erythrocyte glutathione reductase. Patients were not on routine supplements of water-soluble vitamins before presentation and were treated with riboflavin supplements as part of a water-soluble vitamin complex. At presentation, one patient had poor nutritional status, but two patients were adequately nourished, receiving overnight Gastrostomy feeds. Data on these two patients indicate an adequate dietary intake of riboflavin, suggesting a mechanism for increased requirements, inadequate absorption or utilization. Additional deficiencies of thiamin, pyridoxine and iron were also observed. This paper reports the occurrence of a vitamin deficiency not previously reported in the cystic fibrosis population.
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PMID:Riboflavin deficiency in cystic fibrosis: three case reports. 1190 77


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