Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A number of independent cDNA clones of the Piry virus N gene message were identified and sequenced. From the resulting sequences and previously published data, we derived the sequence of the mRNA for this protein. Sequence similarities of the translated region of Piry virus with that of other viruses suggest that Piry virus is as distantly related to Chandipura virus as it is to the vesicular stomatitis viruses of Indiana and New Jersey serotypes. Based on the relative conservation of the amino acid sequence of the nucleocapsid protein of these vesiculoviruses, the N protein can be subdivided into at least three regions, possibly indicative of functional domains.
J Gen Virol 1990 Sep
PMID:The sequence of the nucleocapsid protein (N) gene of Piry virus: possible domains in the N protein of vesiculoviruses. 169 28

The autoimmune response in myasthenia gravis is well characterized, but little is known about the mechanisms initiating it. We have studied the interferon system and natural killer cell activity in 25 patients with myasthenia gravis and compared them to 68 healthy subjects and 96 patients with acute viral infections. Forty-four per cent of patients had circulating interferon (greater than 16 mu/ml), and in a similar proportion their peripheral blood mononuclear cells were in an antiviral state, i.e., showed low levels of viral replication when infected by vesicular stomatitis virus. Spontaneous in vitro interferon production by patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells was also common (greater than 10 mu/ml, 32 per cent), while the response to the alpha-interferon inducer poly I:C was lower than expected, possibly reflecting the already high state of activation of the interferon system. These results were essentially similar to those obtained in patients with viral illnesses and differed significantly from healthy controls. In many myasthenia gravis patients (16 of 22, 73 per cent), a markedly deficient natural killer cell activity was found, with a median cytotoxicity of 6.5 per cent compared to 29 per cent in healthy subjects (p less than 0.005). Thus, many patients with myasthenia gravis have evidence of an activated interferon system and defective natural killer cell activity, suggesting an occult viral infection or reflecting nonspecific stimulation which may nevertheless contribute to the pathogenesis of the autoimmune response.
Q J Med 1990 Sep
PMID:Interferon system and natural killer cell activity in myasthenia gravis. 170 Apr 49

A 13-year-old girl with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) had clinical features of chronic stomatitis. The histologic and immunologic findings were typical of a diagnosis of PV. Good therapeutic results were obtained with moderate doses of deflazacort, 1 mg/kg/day slowly tapered to 0.1 mg/kg every other day. The patient had no significant side effects.
Pediatr Dermatol 1991 Sep
PMID:Juvenile pemphigus vulgaris: efficacy of moderate doses of deflazacort. 174 32

To determine the interrelation between ABO blood types of denture wearers, denture plaque accumulation, and denture stomatitis, 442 denture wearers were studied using a simplified culture method, which is convenient to use in the dental office. The degree of plaque accumulation and the occurrence of denture stomatitis varied depending on the blood type of the patients. Especially in blood group O compared with other types, both denture plaque accumulation and denture stomatitis were found to be higher or more severe. These results suggest that the ABO blood group is one of the etiologic factors of denture stomatitis and that denture wearers of blood group O are more susceptible to denture stomatitis.
J Prosthet Dent 1991 Sep
PMID:Denture stomatitis and ABO blood types. 180 Jul 38

Patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy for malignancies often develop annoying inflammation of the oral mucosa as a side-effect of cytotoxic therapy. As prostaglandins are known to be cytoprotective Prostin E2 was given to 10 patients with neoplasms of the ear, nose, pharynx or larynx, or of the maxillofacial region, who received radiotherapy. The reference group was made up of five patients with the analogous diagnosis who received the conventional therapy with Hexoral sol. One patient was not administered any therapy. The patients that were given Prostin E2 did not develop either the inflammatory process or stomatitis. In the reference group the inflammatory process appeared in two patients and lesions were noticed in one patient. Excellent results, although still preliminary, pointed out that preventive local administration of Prostin E2 was superior to the conventional therapy and that accordingly, Prostin E2 should be regarded as the drug of choice.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 1991 Sep
PMID:[Use of prostin E2 in the treatment of stomatitis caused by radiotherapy]. 182 22

The early events that occur after treatment of the highly interferon alpha (IFN-alpha)-sensitive human lymphoblastoid Daudi cell line with human leukocyte IFN-alpha have been examined. IFN-alpha treatment of Daudi cells results in a rapid and transient increase in the cellular content of diacylglycerol, which occurs in the absence of inositol phospholipid turnover, or an increase in intracellular calcium concentration. Furthermore, IFN-alpha treatment results in a selective, time-dependent activation of the Ca(2+)-independent epsilon isoform of protein kinase C (PKC), while the alpha isoform is unaffected by IFN-alpha treatment. In contrast, IFN-alpha treatment of an IFN-resistant subclone of Daudi cells had no effect on the diacylglycerol content of cells and on the activation of PKC-epsilon. The selective PKC inhibitor staurosporine blocked the transcriptional activation of IFN-alpha-stimulated genes, the cytoplasmic accumulation of mRNAs for these genes, and the induction of antiviral activity by IFN-alpha against vesicular stomatitis virus in IFN-sensitive cells. These observations suggest that transmembrane signaling of IFN-alpha involves diacylglycerol production and activation of PKC-epsilon in Daudi cells.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991 Sep 15
PMID:Transmembrane signaling by interferon alpha involves diacylglycerol production and activation of the epsilon isoform of protein kinase C in Daudi cells. 183 72

Twenty-eight patients with refractory advanced malignancies were treated with a 24-hour infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (LV), and N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartic acid (PALA) weekly. Twenty-seven patients were evaluable to assess toxicity and antitumor activity. The PALA was administered as an intravenous bolus over 15 minutes at a fixed dose (250 mg/m2) 24 hours before the start of the 5-FU and leucovorin infusions. Initially the dose of 5-FU was 750 mg/m2; this was increased incrementally to 2600 mg/m2. The LV was administered in a fixed dose of 500 mg/m2 concurrently with the 5-FU over a 24-hour period. This regimen was repeated weekly. Diarrhea, stomatitis, nausea, and vomiting were among the dose-limiting toxicities. Others were hand-foot syndrome, hair loss of the scalp and eyelashes, overall weakness, rhinitis, and chemical conjunctivitis. The maximum tolerated dose of 5-FU in this combination and schedule was 2600 mg/m2. Seven of 14 patients treated with 2600 mg/m2 were able to tolerate the chemotherapy on a weekly basis without interruption. The other seven patients required dose reductions, but most received 5-FU at a dose of 2100 mg/m2. Twenty-three of 27 patients were treated previously. Eight patients had a partial response; five of these were treated previously. A complete response was observed in one patient with pancreatic carcinoma, previously untreated. The overall response rate for patients treated with 2100 or 2600 mg/m2 of 5-FU was nine of 18 patients (50%). Three of four previously untreated patients with pancreatic cancer responded to this treatment (two responded partially, and one had a complete response). One of three heavily pretreated patients with non-small cell lung cancer had a partial response as did a patient with breast cancer. Four of ten patients with colorectal cancer responded to the treatment (four partial responses), of whom three had been treated previously.
Cancer 1991 Sep 15
PMID:A phase I, II study of high-dose 5-fluorouracil and high-dose leucovorin with low-dose phosphonacetyl-L-aspartic acid in patients with advanced malignancies. 187 76

Leucovorin potentiates the cytotoxicity of fluorouracil (5-FU) in experimental tumor systems and appears to enhance the effectiveness of 5-FU in patients with colon cancer. Twenty-two eligible patients (18 previously untreated) with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma were treated in a phase II trial of leucovorin 500 mg/m2/d for 6 days by continuous intravenous infusion with 5-FU 370 mg/m2/d by rapid intravenous injection on 5 consecutive days, beginning 24 hours after initiation of leucovorin infusion. Among the 20 assessable patients, there were no complete or partial regressions, although there was one minor response lasting 4 months. Three patients had stable disease for 5, 20, and 21 months, respectively. Median survival was 10 weeks. Toxicity was predominantly mucosal; stomatitis grade 2 or worse was seen in five patients, and diarrhea grade 2 or worse was seen in four. Hospitalization for toxicity was necessary in four previously untreated patients and three previously treated patients. The median WBC nadir was 4.6 (range, 1.4 to 9.6) x 10(3)/microL, and the median platelet nadir was 147.0 (range, 69.0 to 240.0) x 10(3)/microL. This combination of leucovorin and 5-FU did not demonstrate meaningful therapeutic activity in patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and was associated with moderate to severe toxicity. It should not be considered a standard treatment for patients with this disease.
J Clin Oncol 1991 Sep
PMID:Lack of efficacy of high-dose leucovorin and fluorouracil in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 187 24

Because of the synergy seen in adult trials when 5-fluorouracil is combined with leucovorin, we initiated a Phase I trial of this combination in children's refractory cancer. Leucovorin, an equal mixture of the (6R,S)-diastereoisomers, was administered p.o. for 6 consecutive days as 4 equal doses at 0, 1, 2, and 3 h totaling 500 mg/m2/day. 5-Fluorouracil was given daily on days 2 to 6 as an i.v. bolus immediately following the last dose of leucovorin. The leucovorin dose was held constant while the 5-fluorouracil dose was escalated in cohorts of patients from 300 mg/m2/day to its maximally tolerated dose. Thirty-five patients (19 with acute leukemia and 16 with solid tumors) were evaluable for toxicity. The maximally tolerated dose of FUra was 450 mg/m2/day for 5 treatments for patients with solid tumors and 650 mg/m2/day for 5 treatments for the children with leukemia. The dose-limiting toxicities were myelosuppression and stomatitis. Other side effects included transient, mild elevations of serum transaminases, mild nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The pharmacokinetics of high-dose p.o. leucovorin was studied in 23 children. There was considerable interpatient variability in the plasma concentrations of total bioactive folates (TBAF), (6S)-leucovorin, and (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of TBAF was 821 +/- 97 (SE) nM, occurring at a median of 8 h; the Cmax of (6S)-leucovorin was 77 +/- 11 nM, occurring at 4 h. The TBAF concentration fell to 146 +/- 42 nM by 24 h. (6S)-5-Methyltetrahydrofolic acid accounted for 90 +/- 7% of the TBAF at the Cmax. The plasma concentration of (6R)-leucovorin, the unnatural isomer, was equal to that of TBAF. Thus, p.o. leucovorin reduced the 5-fold excess of (6R)-leucovorin over TBAF seen after i.v. doses. The relative amounts of the three major plasma species were approximately the same as in adults, even though the Cmax of each compound was lower.
Cancer Res 1991 Sep 15
PMID:Pharmacology and phase I trial of high-dose oral leucovorin plus 5-fluorouracil in children with refractory cancer: a report from the Children's Cancer Study Group. 189 77

To ascertain the role of Candida in denture stomatitis, the practitioner must conduct a mycologic examination of the acrylic resin denture surface, because it acts as a reservoir for continuous reinfection of the palate. Twenty-two patients were examined to compare the sensitivity of the standard technique of swabbing the denture to that of a newly developed cast agar replica technique for detecting Candida albicans. The dentures were swabbed and cast replicas of the tissue-fitting surface of the dentures were made of both study populations. The majority of cultures obtained by swabbing failed to detect the presence of Candida albicans, while all cast agar replicas grew Candida albicans. The replica method for the detection of Candida albicans in edentulous patients seemed to be a more sensitive method than currently available mycologic methods.
Quintessence Int 1991 Sep
PMID:Sensitivity of the replica method in the detection of candidal infection among denture wearers with clinically healthy oral mucosa. 194 53


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