Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The glucagonoma syndrome occurs in some but not all patients with a benign or malignant islet cell tumor and hyperglucagonemia. Manifestations may include anemia, diabetes mellitus, pruritic skin rash, glossitis, stomatitis, weight loss, diarrhea, flexible fingernails, venous thromboses, low plasma amino acid levels, and coarse folds of the jejunum and ileum. Most patients are postmenopausal women, but men and women ages 40 to 65 have been affected. The course is variable depending upon the nature of the underlying tumor. Twenty-two cases of probable glucagonoma syndrome have been reported; twelve documented with glucagon levels. The hyperglucagonemia results from elevation of the proglucagon and true glucagon immunoreactive fractions of pancreatic glucagon. Management of the rash can be accomplished rarely with topical or systemic antibiotics or corticosteroids. If the tumor is resectable, surgery reverses the syndrome. Patients with metastatic disease have responded to streptozotocin and DTIC.
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PMID:The glucagonoma syndrome and its management. 20 9

Twenty-six patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were treated with intermittent bolus DTIC and actinomycin D in an escalating dose schedule, starting at 650 and 1 mg/m2 respectively. Courses were repeated at 3--4-week intervals. Twenty four patients were evaluable for toxicity and 22 were evaluable for response. Two patients (9%) had a complete remission lasting 7+ and 14 months, and three patients (14%) had a partial remission lasting 2+, 5+, and 14+ months. Nausea and vomiting, lasting 24 hours, was observed in 88% of patients, while diarrhea was noted in 17%. Stomatitis and alopecia were less frequently observed. All responses occurred at nonmyelosuppressive doses and in patients with visceral-predominant metastases. This schedule offers the patient the convenience of single-day treatment and less prolonged gastrointestinal intolerance. Further evaluation of this drug combination and schedule would appear to be indicated.
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PMID:Phase I--II study of intermittent bolus administration of DTIC and actinomycin D in metastatic malignant melanoma. 35 80

Thirty-seven patients with widely metastatic malignant melanoma were treated with one of three chemotherapy regimens, incorporating high-dose dacarbazine (DTIC). The chemotherapy was followed by autologous bone marrow rescue which was harvested under local anesthesia in 25 of the patients. The three regimens comprised a 24-hour infusion of DTIC (Regimen A for patients less than 45 years of age, 4.3 to 10.5 g/m2; B, if greater than 45 years of age 2.7 to 4.0 g/m2; and later C, if greater than 45 years of age 7.0 to 8.0 g/m2). The second alkylating agent was given at +8 and +16 hours from the start of DTIC. The total doses of the melphalan ranged from 60 to 130 mg/m2 for Regimen A and 30 to 40 mg/m2 for Regimen B. Ifosfamide 5.0 to 8.0 g/m2 was given instead of melphalan in Regimen C. The response rates for the regimens were 81% (25% CR) for A, 27% (11% CR) for B, and 20% (with no complete responders) for Regimen C. There was no statistically significant difference between the three regimens for survival with a median value of 6 months. One of the 16 patients treated with the very high dose Regimen A died of septicemia and three of ten patients in Regimen C died within the first 2 weeks of treatment. There was statistically significant greater myelosuppression, stomatitis, and diarrhea in the very high dosage DTIC and melphalan (Regimen A) compared with the other two regimens. No significant difference in response rate or toxicity was observed for the different dosages escalated within each of the three regimens. Although hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicity were very severe, no unusual side effects were noted except for one episode of severe acute renal failure in the high-dose DTIC and melphalan, Regimen A. Responses occurred mainly in nonvisceral, nodal, and cutaneous sites and occasionally in pulmonary metastases. The Karnofsky performance improved 4 to 6 months after treatment notably with the high-dose DTIC and melphalan therapy. No survival benefit for the combination chemotherapy despite the high dosages was detected and such an approach currently cannot be recommended.
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PMID:High-dose, double alkylating agent chemotherapy with DTIC, melphalan, or ifosfamide and marrow rescue for metastatic malignant melanoma. 264 5

Twenty-eight consecutive adult patients with locally advanced (inoperable) or metastatic soft tissue sarcomas were treated with a chemotherapy regimen (CADOM) including cyclophosphamide, ADR, and DTIC on Day 1 of each course, and vincristine with intermediate-dose methotrexate (200 mg/m2) on Day 15 followed by leucovorin rescue. Twenty-four of the patients were evaluable for response and toxicity. Three (13%) achieved a CR after chemotherapy and 6 (25%) a PR. Two of the PRs were converted to CR after surgical removal of residual tumor. All five patients achieving a CR are alive 12 to 30 months after beginning chemotherapy. Median survival of patients achieving a PR was 18 months and of patients achieving an MR was 7 months. Three of five patients with sarcomas arising from the female genitalia achieved a CR. No treatment-related deaths occurred. There were five instances of leukopenia and fever. Nausea and vomiting, and alopecia were common. Stomatitis, muscle cramps, paralytic ileus, and peripheral neuropathy were occasionally observed. The addition of methotrexate did not improve the response rate when compared with our previous CYV ADIC protocol.
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PMID:Cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, DTIC and vincristine with methotrexate in the treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcomas. 320 8

One hundred and sixty patients with advanced metastatic colon cancer were treated with the drug combination of 5-fluorouracil (FU), imidazole carboxamide dimethyl triazeno (ICDT, DTIC), vincristine (VCR), and bis-chloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU). All the agents were given in each cycle of treatment. The patients also received continuous ethylestranol. Special care was taken to ensure that the ICDT was not at any time exposed to light. Toxic effects included fall in hemoglobin, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, alopecia, stomatitis, nausea and vomiting, and occasional diarrhea. Among 112 patients who had had no prior exposure to cytostatic agents, complete remission (CR) was recorded in 12, and partial remission (PR) in 31. The median duration of remission in these patients was 5.2 months. The median survival for the whole group was 8.4 months: for responders the median survival was 10 months, and for non-responders, 5.4 months. PR was also documented in 10 of 48 patients who had received prior treatment with FU or FU plus methyl-1,3-cis(2-chloroethyl-1-nitrosourea) (MeCCNU).
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PMID:Fluorouracil, imidazole carboxamide dimethyl triazeno, vincristine, and bis-chloroethyl nitrosourea (FIVB) in colon cancer. 702 14

We evaluated the clinical data in 83 patients with sepsis, which was diagnosed by both Bone's definition of sepsis and positive isolates from blood culture, according to their underlying diseases. This study enrolled a total of 117 septic episodes in 83 patients (57 males and 26 females, mean age: 52.0 years). We classified 3 groups, including hematological malignancies (46 patients, 72 episodes), solid malignant tumors (23 patients, 25 episodes) and non-malignancies (14 patients, 20 episodes), by the underlying diseases. Of the total number of isolates from blood culture, 53.0% were single gram-positive bacteria, 33.3% were single gram-negative bacteria, 7.7% were single fungus and 6.0% were polymicrobial organisms. In addition, coagulase negative staphylococci was isolated most often in patients with hematological malignancies. Sepsis was often caused by infectious focuses of hemorrhoid, stomatitis or intravenous catheter in patients with hematological malignancies, by pneumonia in patients with solid malignant tumors and by urinary tract infection in patients with non-malignancies. Mortality of sepsis in patients with solid malignant tumors (48%) was highest in 3 groups. Septic patients, who were complicated with shock and/or DIC, has poor prognosis in all groups. Serum albumin level was significantly lower in dead patients than patients who survived. These results suggest that clinical features may be different according to the underlying diseases of patients with sepsis.
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PMID:[Clinical analysis of patients with sepsis--comparison between underlying diseases]. 974 16