Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) stimulates the growth and differentiation of various tissues. We measured EGF levels in saliva (n = 128), urine (n = 94), and serum (n = 99) with radioimmunoassay in order to study the kinetics of hEGF in saliva of normal subjects and patients with oral disease. Salivary EGF levels showed an apparent diurnal rhythm related to the taking of meals. Urinary and serum EGF levels showed no obvious diurnal rhythm. There was no significant correlation between salivary and urinary EGF levels, nor between salivary and serum EGF levels. Salivary EGF levels were significantly lower in the younger group (0-9 years old, 3.06 +/- 0.32 ng/ml, p < 0.05) than in the elder group (10-79 years old, 4.78 +/- 3.5 ng/ml), but did not correlate with age in the elder group. There was no significant difference between males and females between EGF levels in saliva, urine or serum. The relative proportion of EGF levels in submandibular gland saliva, parotid saliva, and whole saliva was 1:6:4. The positive rate of immunohistochemical EGF showed no significant differences between submandibular gland, parotid gland, sublingual gland or minor salivary gland. Salivary EGF levels were markedly low in patients with oral inflammations (stomatitis aphthosa, or peritonsillar abscess) or head and neck tumors (squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, oral cavity, hypopharynx or larynx). These findings may be significant pathophysiologically. Low salivary EGF levels may reduce the capacity of oral mucosal defense mechanisms to fight against injury by physiochemical agents.
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PMID:Kinetics of epidermal growth factor in saliva. 845 9

Recent evidence has suggested that subunits of the coatomer protein (COPI) complexes are functionally associated with endosomes in mammalian cells. We now provide genetic evidence that COPI plays a role in endocytosis in intact cells. The ldlF mutant CHO cell line bears a temperature-sensitive defect in the COPI subunit epsilon-COP. In addition to exhibiting conditional defects in the secretory pathway, we find that the cells are also defective at mediating endosome-associated functions. As found for cells microinjected with anti-COPI antibodies, ldlF cells at the restrictive temperature could not be infected by vesicular stomatitis (VSV) or Semliki Forest virus (SFV) that require delivery to acidic endosomes to penetrate into the cytosol. Although there was no temperature-sensitive defect in the internalization of receptor-bound transferrin (Tfn), Tfn recycling and accumulation of HRP were markedly inhibited at the restrictive temperature. Sorting of receptor-bound markers such as EGF to lysosomes was also reduced, although delivery of fluid-phase markers was only partially inhibited. In addition, lysosomes redistributed from their typical perinuclear location to the tips of the ldlF cells. Mutant phenotypes began to emerge within 2 h of temperature shift, the time required for the loss of detectable epsilon-COP, suggesting that the endocytic defects were not secondary to a block in the secretory pathway. Importantly, the mutant phenotypes were also corrected by transfection of wild-type epsilon-COP cDNA demonstrating that they directly or indirectly reflected the epsilon-COP defect. Taken together, the results suggest that epsilon-COP acts early in the endocytic pathway, most likely inhibiting the normal sorting and recycling functions of early endosomes.
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PMID:Inhibition of endosome function in CHO cells bearing a temperature-sensitive defect in the coatomer (COPI) component epsilon-COP. 941 69

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanism behind low efficacy of interferon therapy to hepatitis C virus infected patients by using primary monkey hepatic parenchymal cells as a surrogate of primary human liver cells. The effects of various cytokines on the antiviral activity of IFNs in the monkey hepatic cells were studied to search for physiological inhibitors. Interleukin-1 alpha, EGF, and HGF showed suppressive effects on the antiviral activity of IFN-alpha, -beta in primary monkey hepatic cells when examined by the yield reduction method using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). In contrast, 50 ng/ml of TNF and IL-6 had no suppressive effect on the IFN-induced antiviral state in the hepatic cells.
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PMID:Il-1, EGF, and HGF suppress the antiviral activity of interferon in primary monkey hepatic parenchymal cells. 1081 14

The VEGF signaling pathway (including ligands, surface-bound receptors and intracellular downstream signaling cascades) is critically involved in angiogenesis under normal and pathological conditions, in particular in malignant tumors. As a consequence, several therapies that target specific components of this pathway have been approved for clinical use or are in various stages of clinical development. Currently, the monoclonal antibodies bevacizumab and ranibizumab, as well as the small-molecule kinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib, have been approved for cancer therapy. The spectrum of cutaneous side effects elicited by bevacizumab is considerably less pronounced than that seen with EGF inhibitors and includes peripheral sensory neuropathy, stomatitis, skin dryness, skin discoloration and exfoliative dermatitis. In contrast, unwanted cutaneous side effects seen with the less specific small molecule compounds include pruritic exanthems, nail changes, cheilitis and the painful hand-foot-syndrome.
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PMID:Cutaneous side effects of inhibition of VEGF signal transduction. 1983 27