Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A late phase II clinical trial of amrubicin hydrochloride, a novel synthetic anthracycline derivative anticancer agent, was conducted at 14 institutions nationwide, in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In this multi-center collaborative study, doxorubicin hydrochloride was replaced by amrubicin hydrochloride in CHOP therapy, a standard regimen for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma consisting of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride, vincristine sulfate and prednisolone. A total of 39 patients were enrolled in this study between January 1996 and March 1998. Among them, 37 patients were eligible for this study. The study drugs were administered to patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma according to the following schedule: amrubicin hydrochloride (100 mg/m2, body surface area), cyclophosphamide (750 mg/m2) and vincristine sulfate (1.4 mg/m2, a maximal dose of 2.0 mg/body) were administered intravenously on day one, while prednisolone (60 mg/m2/day) was administered orally on days 1 to 5. This cycle of treatment was repeated every three weeks in principle. The efficacy and safety were assessed for 37 eligible patients. The combined rate for CR + CRu was 70.3% (26/37) and the overall response rate (CR + CRu + PR) was 86.5% (32/37). demonstrating that amrubicin hydrochloride was very effective in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The most frequent adverse reactions that occurred during the study were myelosuppressions: leukopenia and neutropenia, 100% (37/37); and decreases in hemoglobin levels, 81.1% (30/37). Thrombocytopenia, elevations of serum GOT and GPT levels, anorexia, nausea/vomitting, fever, stomatitis and alopecia were also observed. Although leukopenia and neutropenia of grade 3 or higher were noted in 89.2% (33/37) and 94.6% (35/37), respectively, they were controllable by administrations of G-CSF or solely by follow-up observations. One patient developed intestinal paralysis (grade 4) and another developed hematemesis. In conclusion, these results indicate that amrubicin hydrochloride is an effective agent as a component of combination chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
 ...
PMID:[Late phase II clinical study of amrubicin hydrochloride, a novel synthetic anthracycline derivative anticancer agent, for malignant lymphoma]. 1172 79

Non-infectious, envelope protein-free, retrovirus-like particles (VLP) derived from either Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV) or human HIV are able to bind efficiently to, but not infect, target cells. Upon subsequent addition to the bound particles of the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G), an efficient surrogate retrovirus envelope protein, the VLP are efficiently taken up by the cells to produce infection. Cell attachment of the VLP is efficiently inhibited by soluble heparin and dextran sulfate and less efficiently abrogated by several other glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) including chondroitin sulfate A and chondroitin sulfate B (dermatan sulfate), as determined by deconvolution microscopic immunodetection of the viral gag protein and by quantitative binding studies of metabolically labeled (35)S-VLP. Enzymatic digestion of heparan sulfate (HS) from the cell surface with heparinase I also reduces VLP binding. Furthermore, VLP adsorption onto several CHO cell lines variably deficient in cell surface GAG is significantly but incompletely abrogated. De-sulfated heparins are less efficient than native heparin in inhibiting the Polybrene-mediated binding of VLP, whereas growth of human cells in the presence of sodium chlorate leads to significant reduction of Polybrene-mediated VLP binding. In addition, specific inhibition of VLP binding and infectivity of mature infectious VSV-G-pseudotyped virus is observed in the presence of heparin and HS under Polybrene-free conditions. We conclude from these studies that the presence of Polybrene, the degree of sulfation of cell surface GAG, and possibly the presence of charged cell surface macromolecules create an electrostatic environment that promotes optimum binding of VLP to cells. Additionally, our results demonstrate that, in the absence of Polybrene, initial attachments of non-infectious, envelope protein-free VLP and probably mature infectious virus particles are mediated by interactions of the virus particles with cell surface heparan sulfate, and possibly with other GAG molecules.
 ...
PMID:Cell surface heparan sulfate is a receptor for attachment of envelope protein-free retrovirus-like particles and VSV-G pseudotyped MLV-derived retrovirus vectors to target cells. 1199 44

Sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate reacts with the metal ions Pd(II), Pt(II), Ag(I), Cd(II) and Zn(II) to yield complexes containing multiple anionic sulfonate sites. On the basis of spectroscopic and other analytical data the complexes were assigned the tentative molecular formulas: Pd6(SCH2CH2SO3Na)12, Ptn(SCH2CH2SO3Na)2n+2, Agn(SCH2CH2SO3Na)n, Na2Zn4(SCH2CH2SO3Na)10, and Na2Cd4(SCH2CH2SO3Na)10. The complexes displayed a variety of differences in activity towards DNA and RNA viruses. The platinum complex showed no measurable cytotoxicity and exhibited a spectrum of antiviral activity resembling that of dextran sulfate. It was active against HIV-1 and HIV-2, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), thymidine kinase-deficient HSV-1, human cytomegalovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), influenza A virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Sindbis virus, Junin virus and Tacaribe virus. The palladium complex also showed no measurable cytotoxicity, but was completely inactive against most viruses, with one notable exception: both HIV-1 and HIV-2 were substantially inhibited by the palladium complex. The silver complex showed significantly less antiviral activity and greater cytotoxicity than the platinum complex but did show some selectivity against RSV. The zinc complex showed only modest activity against VSV, RSV, Junin virus, and Tacaribe virus, and like the silver compound was more cytotoxic than either the platinum or palladium complex. The cadmium complex was toxic to all of the cell lines used for in vitro evaluation of antiviral activity. Based on these results, the platinum and palladium compounds appear to be promising candidates for further studies, that is, as vaginal microbicides in the prevention of genital HIV and/or HSV transmission.
 ...
PMID:Polysulfonates derived from metal thiolate complexes as inhibitors of HIV-1 and various other enveloped viruses in vitro. 1244 91

To develop a high-titer surrogate virus for human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), we generated recombinant vesicular stomatitis viruses (VSVs) in which the gene encoding the single transmembrane glycoprotein (G) was deleted. Genes encoding HTLV-1 envelope glycoproteins (HTEnv) or HTEnvG hybrid proteins were then inserted into either of two different sites in the VSV genome. The viruses also encoded a green fluorescent protein. With this surrogate virus, we found that a soluble protein, osteoprotegerin (OPG), or an OPG/Fc chimeric protein inhibited the infection of various cell lines. Our experiments indicate that this inhibition resulted from binding of heparan sulfate by OPG.
 ...
PMID:Development of a novel surrogate virus for human T-cell leukemia virus type 1: inhibition of infection by osteoprotegerin. 1285 26

Several stable domains of the phosphoprotein (P) of vesicular stomatitis virus (Indiana) were identified by limited proteolysis of purified recombinant P protein expressed in Escherichia coli. The proteinase-K-resistant domain could be crystallized using ammonium sulfate as a precipitant and ethylene glycol as an additive. The crystals belong to space group P4(1)2(1)2 or P4(3)2(1)2, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 74.50, c = 156.84 A. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 2.75 A resolution at a synchrotron-radiation source.
 ...
PMID:Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of a proteinase-K-resistant domain within the phosphoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (Indiana). 1550 36

The methods of electrophoresis in PAAG and immunological method were used for comparative analysis of structural proteins of phytorhabdovirus of potato curly dwarf (PCDV) and zoorhabdoviruses-vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and fixed rabies Virus (RV). Molecular weight of viral proteins was determined by the method of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The proteins with molecular weight 45-51 kD, are probably, the major component of the viral nucleocapsid. Nucleocapsid protein 45 kD RV virus was isolated by the method of preparative electrophoresis and then the monospecific serum was obtained. The Ouchterlony and immunoblotting method were used to show, that nucleocapsid proteins with molecular weights 51 and 45 kD both of phytorhabdovirus PCDV and zoorhabdoviruses VSV and RV are serologically related. The obtained data may be used in biotechnology as the basis for creation of a new class of diagnostic preparations with the purpose to detect RV virus using proteins of curly potato dwarf virus and may be also used in serological tests to reveal viruses of Rhabdoviridae family in various eukaryotic objects.
 ...
PMID:[Antigenic relationship between nucleocapsid proteins of phyto- and zoorhabdoviruses]. 1601 15

It has been difficult to propagate and titrate hepatitis B virus (HBV) in tissue culture. We examined whether vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes bearing HBV surface (HBs) proteins infectious for human cell lines could be prepared. For this, expression plasmids for three surface proteins, L, M, and S, of HBV were made. 293T cells were then transfected with these plasmids either individually or in different combinations. 293T cells expressing HBs proteins were infected with VSVdeltaG*-G, a recombinant VSV expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP), to make VSV pseudotypes. Culture supernatants together with cells were harvested and sonicated for a short time. The infectivities of freshly harvested supernatants were determined by quantifying the number of cells expressing GFP after neutralization with anti-VSV serum and mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against HBs protein. Among 14 cell lines tested for susceptibility to HBV pseudotype samples, HepG2, JHH-7, and 293T cells were judged to be the most susceptible. Namely, the infectious units (IU) of the culture supernatant samples neutralized with anti-VSV in the absence and presence of anti-HBs S MAbs and titrated on HepG2 cells ranged from 1,000 to 4,000 IU/ml and 200 to 400 IU/ml, respectively, suggesting the presence of VSVdeltaG*(HBV) pseudotypes. This infectivity was inhibited by treatment with lactoferrin or dextran sulfate. Pretreatment of the cells with trypsin or tunicamycin inhibited plating of the pseudotype samples. The HBV pseudotypes can be used to analyze early steps of HBV infection, including the entry mechanism of HBV.
 ...
PMID:Formation of vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotypes bearing surface proteins of hepatitis B virus. 1616 Jan 84

We exploited the silkworm Bombyx mori for the production of recombinant canine interferon-alpha (CaIFN-alpha). The recombinant baculovirus harboring canine interferon gene was rapidly generated by the BmNPV/Bac-to-Bac system that was recently developed. In B. mori-derived cell lines, the expression of the recombinant protein reached maximal levels around 72-96 h post-infection. For the isolation of the expressed recombinant protein from B. mori larvae, the whole bodies of the infected larvae were homogenized, and the expressed protein was purified by affinity chromatography. Based on the fact that the recombinant CaIFN-alpha showed two bands on the sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis pattern, the expressed protein was thought to be glycosylated. The rCaIFN-alpha yield was about 528 microg per larva, showing that the expression in silkworm was successful. Furthermore, the recombinant protein was proven to be able to inhibit the infection of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells by the vesicular stomatitis virus, indicating that it is biologically active in vitro. The method established in this study provides an efficient way to produce a large amount of CaIFN-alpha and paves the way for further utilization of this protein as a therapeutic agent or vaccine adjuvant in dogs.
 ...
PMID:Efficient production of canine interferon-alpha in silkworm Bombyx mori by use of a BmNPV/Bac-to-Bac expression system. 1806 44

Retroviral vectors are powerful tools for gene therapy and stem cell engineering. To improve efficiency of retroviral gene delivery, quantitative understanding of interactions of a retroviral vector and a cell is crucial. Effects of nonspecific adsorption of retrovirus on a cell via proteoglycans and receptor-mediated binding of retrovirus to a cell on overall transduction efficiency were quantified by combining a mathematical model and experimental data. Results represented by transduction rate constant, a lumped parameter of overall transduction efficiency, delineated that chondroitin sulfate C (CSC) plays dual roles as either enhancer or inhibitor of retroviral transduction, depending on its concentrations in the retroviral supernatant. At the concentration of 20 microg/mL, CSC enhanced the transduction efficiency up to threefold but inhibited more than sevenfold at the concentration of 100 microg/mL. Transduction rate constants for amphotropic retroviral infection of NIH 3T3 cells under phosphate-depleted culture condition showed a proportional relationship between cellular receptor density on a cell and transduction efficiency. It was finally shown that amphotropic retrovirus transduced human fibroblast HT1080 cells more efficiently than NIH 3T3 cells. On the contrary, the transduction efficiency of NIH 3T3 cells by vesicular stomatitis virus G protein pseudotyped retroviruses was eightfold higher than that of HT1080 cells. This study implies usefulness of using quantitative analysis of retroviral transduction in understanding and optimizing retroviral gene delivery systems for therapeutic approaches to tissue engineering.
 ...
PMID:Differential interaction of retroviral vector with target cell: quantitative effect of cellular receptor, soluble proteoglycan, and cell type on gene delivery efficiency. 1862 Apr 88

Dendrimers are hyperbranched synthetic well-defined molecules with a number of potential applications, especially in relation to the need for new antiviral agents. One subclass of dendrimers are peptide-derivatized dendrimers which consist of a peptidyl branching core and covalently attached surface peptide functional units. Few studies have addressed the potential uses of peptide dendrimers as direct-acting antiviral agents. Here, we report on the ability of two peptide dendrimers, SB105 and SB105_A10, to directly and almost completely inhibit human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication in both primary fibroblasts and endothelial cells; the agents were also found to inhibit murine CMV replication, whereas they were not able to inhibit adenovirus or vesicular stomatitis virus. The peptide dendrimers prevented adsorption of the HCMV to cells at 4 degrees C, whereas SB104, a dendrimer with a different amino acid sequence within the functional group and minimal anticytomegaloviral activity, was ineffective in blocking HCMV attachment. In effect, SB105_A10 bound to human cells through an interaction with cell surface heparan sulfate and thereby blocked virion attachment to target cells. These results indicate that the SB105 and SB105_A10 dendrimers could provide a useful starting point for the development of novel molecules to block HCMV infection.
 ...
PMID:Peptide-derivatized dendrimers inhibit human cytomegalovirus infection by blocking virus binding to cell surface heparan sulfate. 2008 41


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>