Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-three patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (AC), selected on widely recognized criteria (16, 57), were investigated prospectively for cutaneous manifestations of zinc deficiency. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group A (n = 12): AC without skin lesions; group B (n = 12): AC with skin lesions responsive to a zinc-free topical treatment or resistant to enteral zinc sulfate intake; group C (n = 9): AC with skin lesions cured by oral zinc replacement therapy alone. The lesions observed in group C were studied microscopically. Data concerning zinc metabolism (Zn concentrations in plasma, red cells, urine and hair; alkaline phosphatase values), biochemical criteria of AC (plasma serum-albumin concentration, IgA/transferrin ratio) and a malabsorption test (xylosemia 120 min after oral absorption of D-xylose 25 g) were compared by the variance analysis method. A control group (D, n = 12) was used as reference. Few cases of cutaneous manifestations of zinc deficiency in AC patients have been published. In more than one half of the 15 or so we found in the literature, an aggravating factor (total parenteral nutrition, digestive tract surgery) had to be taken into account. In this prospective study 9 new cases in which AC was the only cause of zinc deficiency are reported. A clinical picture similar to acrodermatitis enteropathica with peribuccal bullous lesions was observed in only one patient. In all other cases the patients presented with a cracked and reticulated eczema on the extensor aspect of the limbs and (often erosive) in the perianal and genital regions. The eczema was associated with cheilitis, glossitis, stomatitis, alopecia and, seldom, ungual Beau's lines. Disorders of behaviour, diarrhoea and bouts of lever regressing under zinc replacement therapy were frequent. Histology was not very specific, except for the presence of necrotic areas in the stratum germinativum, sometimes associated with small subcorneal pustules containing altered polymorphonuclears. In every case, it was the rapid regression of symptoms under zinc sulfate treatment that confirmed the diagnosis. Plasma zinc concentrations were most significantly decreased in all AC groups as compared to controls (61.2 +/- 19.4 vs 97.8 +/- 10.4 micrograms/100 ml) and also in AC patients with skin manifestations of zinc deficiency as compared to the other AC patients (44.4 +/- 9.2 vs 66.5 +/- 18.8 micrograms/100 ml) table V). Changes in serum-albumin levels and in hepatocellular function were parallel to changes in plasma zinc concentrations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Cutaneous manifestations of zinc deficiency in ethylic cirrhosis]. 357 31

Fazarabine (Arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine) is a synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside which combines the arabinose sugar of cytosine arabinoside with the triazine base of 5-azacytidine. It has demonstrated activity against a variety of human solid tumor xenografts including colon, lung and breast cancers. Eighteen patients with refractory metastatic colon cancer were enrolled in a phase II trial of fazarabine. The drug was administered as a 72 hr continuous infusion every 3-4 weeks; the starting dose was 2 mg/m2/hr as established in a previous phase I study. The major toxicity was neutropenia, as predicted from the phase I study. The median time to nadir for cycle 1 was 20 days, with a median granulocyte count of 437/microliters (range 36-1600/microliters); recovery was within 2-4 days, with only one incidence of fever and neutropenia in 42 cycles. Especially noted for their absence were thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting and stomatitis. No objective clinical responses were seen; one patient had stabilization of rapidly growing liver metastases for a period of 7 months. In view of fazarabine's narrow range of toxicities, future dose intensification trials utilizing fazarabine in combination with hematopoietic growth factors are worthy of consideration.
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PMID:Phase II study of fazarabine (NSC 281272) in patients with metastatic colon cancer. 768 14

Intestinal barrier function was prospectively examined in the course of a clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of lisofylline for reducing cytotoxic therapy-induced intestinal epithelial damage-related infectious morbidity in patients receiving standard remission-induction therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia. The absorption and permeation of oral D-Xylose, lactulose and mannitol were measured weekly from baseline until marrow recovery in adult recipients of idarubicin plus cytarabine for untreated acute myeloid leukaemia. These studies were correlated with non-haematologic chemotherapy-related toxicities reflecting mucosal damage, including nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhoea, abdominal pain and systemic infection. D-xylose absorption decreased and lactulose:mannitol ratio reflecting intestinal permeability increased from baseline until the second and third week after the beginning of the treatment followed by recovery. These measures correlated with infection rates, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and increased blood product utilization. Lisofylline was associated with increased intestinal permeability, nausea, vomiting and infection-related morbidity despite a reduction in the duration of neutropaenia. These surrogates of intestinal barrier function correlated well with clinically important outcomes despite the failure to demonstrate reduced morbidity with lisofylline and represent useful objective outcome measurements for future clinical trials of products for the amelioration of the effects of cytotoxic therapy on the intestinal mucosa.
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PMID:Intestinal mucosal dysfunction and infection during remission-induction therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia. 1708 79

The spot sweetflag virus (SSV) as to its morphology and structural components in comparison with phytorhabdovirus of curly potato dwarf virus (CPDV) and rhabdoviruses of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), pathogenic for people and animals, corresponds to the definition of rhabdovirus and belongs to Rhabdoviridae family. Virions of SSV have a bacillus-like form and dimensions 110-130 x 45 nm. SSV contains structural proteins 130, 66, 43-39, 32-30 and 25 kDa. In the virion structure the fatty acids have been identified: palmitic (47 %), linolic (4.2%), oleic (14.9%), stearic (3.94%), holesterol (23%), and also carbohydrates: glucose (25.3%), galactose (18.3%), arabinose (16%), rhamnose (3.1%) and mannose (2.32%). Aminosaccharides: glucosamine and galactosamine, with correlation 1:7.2, were also found out. The paper is presented in Ukrainian.
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PMID:[Description of bacillus-shaped spot sweetflag virus]. 1821 54

The RNA synthesis machinery of non-segmented negative-sense RNA viruses comprises a ribonucleoprotein complex of the genomic RNA coated by a nucleocapsid protein (N) and associated with polymerase. Work with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a prototype, supports a model of RNA synthesis whereby N is displaced from the template to allow the catalytic subunit of the polymerase, the large protein (L) to gain access to the RNA. Consistent with that model, purified L can copy synthetic RNA that contains requisite promoter sequences. Full processivity of L requires its phosphoprotein cofactor and the template-associated N. Here we demonstrate the importance of the 2' position of the RNA template and the substrate nucleotide triphosphates during initiation and elongation by L. The VSV polymerase can initiate on both DNA and RNA and can incorporate dNTPs. During elongation, the polymerase is sensitive to 2' modifications, although dNTPs can be incorporated, and mixed DNA-RNA templates can function. Modifications to the 2' position of the NTP, including 2',3'-ddCTP, arabinose-CTP, and 2'-O-methyl-CTP, inhibit polymerase, whereas 2'-amino-CTP is incorporated. The inhibitory effects of the NTPs were more pronounced on authentic N-RNA with the exception of dGTP, which is incorporated. This work underscores the sensitivity of the VSV polymerase to nucleotide modifications during initiation and elongation and highlights the importance of the 2'-hydroxyl of both template and substrate NTP. Moreover, this study demonstrates a critical role of the template-associated N protein in the architecture of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase domain of L.
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PMID:Sensitivity of the polymerase of vesicular stomatitis virus to 2' substitutions in the template and nucleotide triphosphate during initiation and elongation. 2452 87