Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An experimental protein-calorie malnutrition was produced in weanling Sprague-Dawley rats. The model resembles human malnutrition with respect to weight loss, inanition, angular stomatitis, anemia, lymphopenia, hypoproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia, and marked thymic involution. In addition, systemic invasion by gram-negative rods was documented. However, no edema was produced, and animals did not survive for longer than six weeks on the protein-deficient diet. One percent glycogen was found to be a satisfactory nonprotein stimulus for induction of a peritoneal exudate consisting primarily of young macrophages. Electron microscopy showed that morphologic events of phagocytosis and degranulation proceeded normally in macrophages from protein-deficient animals. In addition, cell surface receptors for IgG were preserved under these experimental conditions. These data indicate that weanling rats may be employed as a small animal model for servere, fulminant protein-calorie malnutrition in humans.
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PMID:Antibacterial functions of macrophages in experimental protein-calorie malnutrition. I. Description of the model, morphologic observations, and macrophage surface IgG receptors. 9 98

A homosexual man with AIDS developed multifocal KS with involvement of the palate, larynx, trachea, and esophagus. Symptoms included dysphagia and gagging with resultant inanition. Short-course local radiation therapy effectively resolved the mucosal KS lesions in the treated areas. Other otolaryngologic manifestations included herpes stomatitis and oral candidiasis.
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PMID:Pharyngeal obstruction by Kaposi's sarcoma in a homosexual male with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. 644 93

Necropsies performed between 1989 and 1995 on 15 African rope squirrels (Funisciurus substriatus) and 20 African ground squirrels (Xerus erythropus) from the Baltimore Zoo revealed 13 cases of gongylonemiasis. Nematodes were embedded in the epithelium of the esophagus, pharynx, buccal mucosa, and tongue, resulting in varying degrees of esophagitis, pharyngitis, stomatitis, and glossitis, respectively. Routine fecal examinations were negative, and the nematodes appeared to be unaffected by repeated treatments with ivermectin. Most of the affected animals had shown clinical signs of dyspnea and/or inanition and emaciation. Suppurative rhinitis was also a frequent finding at necropsy and was associated with the presence of the nematodes in eight animals. Dissection of whole nematodes from formalin-fixed specimens revealed morphologic features consistent with Gongylonema macrogubernaculum, a species previously only reported in nonhuman primates. The squirrels were housed in the same building with numerous primate species, and a review of pathology records revealed esophageal gongylonemiasis in three lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus), lingual gongylonemiasis in a spotnose monkey (Cercopithecus buettikoferi), and buccal gongylonemiasis in a brown-headed tamarin (Saguinus fuscicollis). Examination of whole nematodes dissected from one of the lion-tailed macaques also demonstrated the unique morphology of G. macrogubernaculum. Nematodes belonging to the species Gongylonema are acquired by ingestion of the intermediate host, the cockroach. This is the first report of G. macrogubernaculum in a nonprimate species and suggests that captive African squirrels can serve as reservoir hosts for this parasite in a zoo environment.
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PMID:Gongylonema macrogubernaculum in captive African squirrels (Funisciurus substriatus and Xerus erythropus) and lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus). 980 9

Diphtheritic stomatitis is a seasonal disease that has been recognized as a syndrome in Yellow-eyed Penguin ( Megadyptes antipodes ) chicks in New Zealand for >10 yr. It was present in about 50% of 234 chicks examined since 2002 and is characterized by a thick serocellular exudate in the oral cavity of 1-4-wk-old chicks. The syndrome includes inanition, weight loss, and death in many affected birds. Microscopically, the lesions varied in severity. Most affected chicks had severe, locally extensive, ulcerative stomatitis with large amounts of exudate containing numerous bacteria; a smaller number had mild focal lesions with smaller amounts of exudate and bacteria. Although Corynebacterium amycolatum has been consistently isolated from the oral lesions, it was also present in the oral cavity of 34% of normal adult penguins and their chicks and is not known to possess diphtheritic toxins. A primary viral pathogen was therefore suspected, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were occasionally seen in oral mucosal epithelial cells. No herpesvirus DNA was detected with PCR. Avipoxvirus DNA and an unidentified virus-like agent were detected in some early oral lesions, but could not be confirmed in subsequent testing. Electron microscopy on early affected epithelium with intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies was unrewarding. Our findings raise the possibility that the disease is caused by an unknown primary virus infection followed by secondary Corynebacterium invasion, but this requires confirmation. The means of transmission has not been established but insect vectors are suspected.
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PMID:DIPHTHERITIC STOMATITIS IN YELLOW-EYED PENGUINS (MEGADYPTES ANTIPODES) IN NEW ZEALAND. 2778 54