Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred and forty patients with classic or definite rheumatoid polyarthritis were treated with N2 mercapto-propionly-glycine: thiopronine (Acadione) at an average dose of 1 g per day over a mean duration of 11.7 months + 10.7 months. The retrospective study of these cases, followed between 1980 and 1988 by the same medical team, permits to evaluate the long-term tolerance of the product. Adverse reaction, always subsiding were observed in 55 p. cent of the patients, requiring discontinuation of the treatment in 40 p. cent of the cases. These side effects occur in 3/4 of the cases, during the first 6 months of the treatment. The intolerance mainly affect skin and mucosae: 46 cases (32.8 p. cent) resulting in 32 instances (22.8 p. cent) discontinuation of the treatment because of stomatitis, pruritus, various types of erythema, pemphigus (1 case). Fourteen patients presented a renal failure (10 p. cent) requiring in 8 instances (5.7 p. cent) discontinuation of the thiopronine because of nephrotic syndrome (3 case) and proteinuria (5 cases). Haematological disorders were observed in 13 instances (9.2 p. cent), justifying, in 10 instances (7.1 p. cent) discontinuation of the treatment because of thrombopenia or leucothrombopenia. The other side effects observed are the following: digestive disorders 15 cases (10.7 p. cent) requiring discontinuation of the treatment in 3 instances (2.1 p. cent), agueusia in 6 instances (4.2 p. cent) requiring discontinuation of the treatment in one case; miscellaneous disorders 13.5 p. cent for which the responsibility of thiopronine is not precisely established (especially hepatic cholostasis, muscle disorders), requiring discontinuation the the treatment in 1.4 p. cent of the cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Long-term tolerability of tiopronin (Acadione) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Apropos of 140 personal cases]. 213 12

Trimetrexate (TMTX) is an analog of methotrexate and a potent inhibitor of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. In this phase I study, TMTX was given intravenously to 32 patients as a constant infusion over 24 hours every 28 days. The maximum-tolerated dose of TMTX was 200 mg/m2, with myelosuppression as the dose-limiting toxicity. Other toxicities included nausea and vomiting, stomatitis, erythema and phlebitis at the site of infusion, rash and skin hyperpigmentation, and elevated serum hepatic enzymes. Two drug-related deaths occurred secondary to leukopenia and sepsis. Twenty-six patients were evaluable for antitumor response. Twenty-one patients had progressive disease, while three patients had disease stabilization. There were two partial responses observed--one in a patient with breast cancer and a second in a patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. TMTX pharmacokinetics were studied in 15 patients. The drug had a mean terminal half-life of 13 hours. Steady-state was not achieved during the 24-hour infusions. Only 6% of the parent compound was excreted unchanged in the urine, and CSF levels averaged less than 2% of simultaneously measured plasma levels. A dose of 150 mg/m2 is recommended for phase II trials of TMTX using this 24-hour infusion schedule.
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PMID:A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of trimetrexate using a 24-hour continuous-injection schedule. 214

Bloom's syndrome (BS) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by short stature, sensitivity to sunlight, and telangiectasic malar erythema. It is associated to chromosomal breakage, to primary combined immunodeficiency, and to a high incidence of neoplasias. The authors report the case of two siblings with BS and associated immunodeficiency. Both patients were male and 5 (A) and 4 (B) years old at the time of diagnosis. Chronic diarrhea, recurrent otitis media, purulent rhinitis, conjunctivitis and pyodermatitis were reported by patient A. Patient B was admitted with diagnosis of bilateral neuroblastoma and had the tumor resected. Later on, he presented with oral moniliasis, herpetic stomatitis, and skin abscesses. This patient did not have recurrent infections. Immunological evaluation showed normal serum levels of CH50, C3, and C4 for both patients. Serum IgG, IgA, IgM, and salivary IgA levels were: 455 mg/dl, 15mg/dl, 20mg/dl, 0.6mg/dl for A, and 400mg/dl, 15mg/dl, 20mg/dl, and 0.2mg/dl for B, respectively. Serum antipolio antibodies (1, 2, and 3) were normal, and low levels of isohemagglutinins were observed in both patients. T cells subset determination showed: patient A--OKT3 = 66%, OKT4 = 33%, OKT8 = 32%, and 4/8 ratio = 1.0; patient B--OKT3 = 70%, OKT4 = 32%, OKT8 = 34%, and 4/8 ratio = 1.0. In vitro cellular immune response to PHA was depressed only in patient B. Patients karyotype showed chromosomal breaks with sister chromatid exchanges. Neither patient had abnormal alphafetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen serum levels. The rarity of such associations justifies the presentation of the cases.
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PMID:[Familial Bloom's syndrome associated with neuroblastoma]. 221 4

Acral erythema after high-dose cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) has been described as a painful, sharply demarcated, and intense erythema of the palms and soles. This phenomenon occurred and is described in three out of three allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients who received high-dose Ara-C and total-body irradiation for conditioning therapy via the same protocol. These patients also received cyclosporine and methotrexate as prophylaxis for acute graft-versus-host disease. Two of the three patients experienced an increase in the pain associated with acral erythema during cyclosporine infusions and required large doses of narcotic analgesics. Since alcohol intensifies the pain of stomatitis and cyclosporine is manufactured in an alcohol base, the high alcohol content is suspect as the causative factor for this adverse reaction/drug interaction.
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PMID:Acral erythema secondary to high-dose cytosine arabinoside with pain worsened by cyclosporine infusions. 265 70

A double-blind trial was carried out to study the effect of oral administration of fluconazole in the treatment of Candida-associated denture stomatitis. The study group consisted of 38 denture stomatitis patients who harbored yeasts, predominantly Candida spp., in significant numbers as determined by culture from the lesions. Half of the patients received 50 mg of fluconazole per day orally for 14 days, and the other half received placebo capsules. The following parameters were studied: degree of palatal erythema, presence of yeast cells (by plate count and microscopy of smears), identification to the species level of dominant yeast organisms, biotyping of Candida albicans, and treatment-related side effects. A significant reduction of erythema was seen after treatment with fluconazole, but the inflammation showed partial relapse 2 to 4 weeks after treatment was terminated. Reduced soreness of the oral mucosa was reported by six of the patients in the fluconazole group. No significant clinical or yeast flora changes were observed in the placebo group. Extensive changes in the yeast flora were observed in the fluconazole group, both in quantity and in composition of yeast species and C. albicans strains (biotypes), which perhaps indicated differences in pathogenicity and fluconazole susceptibility among various yeast species and C. albicans strains. Fluconazole did not produce any changes in the results of blood and urine analyses. The results indicate that fluconazole is a safe and well-tolerated antimycotic drug. The transient clinical and antimycotic effect may have been due in part to the possibility that therapeutic concentrations of the drug were not reached beneath the fitting denture surface and within the denture plaque.
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PMID:Fluconazole in the treatment of Candida-associated denture stomatitis. 285 55

Ten yearling white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were inoculated with bluetongue virus serotype 17. Two yearling white-tailed deer were inoculated with sonicated heparinized noninfected blood and served as controls. Clinical signs of bluetongue virus infection included increased rectal temperature, erythema, facial edema, coronitis, and stomatitis. By postinoculation day (PID) 8, excessive bleeding and hematoma formation at venipuncture sites, dehydration, and diarrhea developed. At necropsy, the most consistent findings were oral lesions and widespread hemorrhage, which ranged from petechia to massive hematoma formation. Bluetongue virus caused progressive prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time, and progressive reduction of Factors VIII and XII plasma activities beginning on PID 6. A progressive decrease in platelet numbers also developed on PID 6. Changes in platelet size were not detected. Mean thrombin time was shortened, but prolongation developed in 1 deer. Mean fibrinogen concentration and Factor V plasma activity initially increased and then decreased, but remained above preinoculation values. Factor V activity was low in a few deer. Results of screening tests for inhibitors of the intrinsic coagulation system were positive in 2 deer. High concentrations of fibrin(ogen) degradation products were first detected between PID 3 and 6. Hematologic changes included leukopenia, lymphopenia, neutrophilia, and low total plasma protein concentration. Differences in PCV, hemoglobin concentration, or RBC counts were not detected between infected and control deer. Serum total bilirubin concentration increased by PID 6, primarily because of increased unconjugated bilirubin concentration. Mild to severe increases in serum aspartate transaminase activity were accompanied by more marked increases in creatine kinase activity. Indirect Coombs test results were negative in all deer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Experimentally induced bluetongue virus infection in white-tailed deer: coagulation, clinical pathologic, and gross pathologic changes. 285 9

Thirty-one evaluable patients with measurable advanced colorectal carcinoma were entered into a pilot study that used weekly fluorouracil (5-FU) at the dose of 600 mg/m2 by bolus infusion administered midway during a two-hour leucovorin calcium infusion of 500 mg/m2. This regimen was repeated weekly for six doses. Twenty-seven of these patients (87%) were considered to be refractory to prior 5-FU therapy and four (13%) were previously untreated. All 31 patients successfully completed at least one 6-week cycle of this regimen with acceptable toxicity. The combined complete (CR) and partial response (PR) rate was 45% with another 25% of patients remaining stable. The 95% confidence levels for the responding patients are 27.6% and 62.7%, respectively. The remaining 30% of the patients had all received prior 5-FU therapy and progressed. All of the responding patients and 80% of the patients with stable disease received two or more cycles of this regimen after a 3- to 4-week interval off therapy. The median time to disease progression was 16.1 months for responding patients and 6.7 months for those patients with stable disease. The median survival for the responders was 20.6 months and for those with stable disease 9.8 months. The median survival for the nonresponding patients was 3.9 months. Toxicity included diarrhea in 70% of patients, skin rash (erythema) in 10%, stomatitis in 15%, nausea and vomiting in 25%, and myelosuppression in 10%. This study confirms and extends previous observations that demonstrate the improved efficacy of 5-FU when used with high-dose leucovorin in advanced colorectal carcinoma.
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PMID:Treatment of advanced-stage colorectal adenocarcinoma with fluorouracil and high-dose leucovorin calcium: a pilot study. 325 56

Control of denture plaque accumulation is essential to obtain and maintain a healthy oral mucosa in denture wearers. The present study was designed to study the effect on denture plaque accumulation and denture stomatitis of coating the fitting denture surface by a glaze. Twenty-one subjects wearing complete dentures participated in the study. Glazing of the denture surface was performed using a Perma Cure System. Plaque accumulation was studied clinically and using a semiquantitative microbiologic technique. Plaque accumulation on the glazed and the non-glazed halves of the fitting denture surface was compared after 1 wk. There was significantly less plaque on the glazed half of the denture (P less than 0.001), and the calculated number of CFU of bacteria/cm2 was significantly lower from the test area of the glazed half than from the test area of the non-glazed half of the denture (P less than 0.001). When the patients were re-examined 1 month after the entire fitting denture surface had been glazed plaque scores, yeast scores and number of CFU of bacteria/cm2 were not significantly different from those observed before glazing. There was a reduction of the erythema of the palatal mucosa in 14/19 patients with denture-induced stomatitis. The study indicates that coating of the fitting denture surface by a glaze may be a means to improve denture cleanliness; however, the present glazing system should be further developed to produce a more uniform glazing.
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PMID:Clinical effects of glazing denture acrylic resin bases using an ultraviolet curing method. 354 79

A Phase I trial of 2-beta-D-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide (NSC 286193, tiazofurin) was conducted using a 5-day continuous infusion schedule. Twenty-four patients with advanced cancer were entered on this trial. Dose levels ranged from 360 to 2350 mg/sq m/day for 5 days. Neurotoxicity was dose limiting and occurred in six patients. Neurotoxicity was expressed as confusion, lethargy, or obtundation and was associated with focal neurological deficits in four of six patients: hemiparesis, three; cortical blindness and bilateral upper extremity weakness, one. Neurotoxicity was not clearly dose related, occurring at 900 mg/sq m/day for 5 days (two patients), 1100 mg/sq m/day for 5 days (two patients), 1850 mg/sq m/day for 5 days, and 2350 mg/sq m/day for 5 days (one patient each). Other toxicities seen were myelosuppression, desquamation of palms and soles, malar erythema, and hyperpigmentation, stomatitis, chest pain, drug fever, and increased serum creatine phosphokinase. Administered drug [71.5 +/- 11.2% (SE)] was recovered intact in the urine within 24 h of administration. Terminal-phase mean harmonic half-life was 8.0 h. The unpredictable neurotoxicity seen following continuous infusion therapy with tiazofurin suggests that Phase II trials of this schedule are not indicated until better understanding of the biochemical effects of tiazofurin is achieved.
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PMID:Phase I clinical study with pharmacokinetic analysis of 2-beta-D-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide (NSC 286193) administered as a five-day infusion. 398 12

Twenty-eight cases of alpha cell tumors of the pancreatic islets have been reported. The clinical features include typical skin rash (termed migratory necrolytic erythema) and stomatitis with anemia, abnormal glucose tolerance, and weight loss. The time course of the disease is variable but the clinical syndrome may be present for up to 15 years (median five years) before discovery of the tumor. In 3 patients, cure was achieved by surgical resection, and in 17 patients in whom metastatic sites were evaluable, 16 involved the liver. Six patients have received chemotherapy: 4 with streptozotocin (STZ); 1 with dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (DTIC); and 2 with 5-fluorouracil. All 4 patients receiving STZ responded to therapy with objective regression of the tumor and in 3 the dermatitis syndrome receded as well. The selectivity of the STZ for beta cells observed in animals is contrasted with the specific antitumor activity of STZ for alpha as well as beta and delta cell tumors in man.
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PMID:Pancreatic alpha cell tumors: case report and review of the literature. 624 56


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