Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Most malignancies occurring in the oral cavity are squamous carcinoma for which radiotherapy as a treatment is the first choice. However, radiostomatitis, which occurs as a concomitant symptom due to radiation, largely disturbs the effect of radiotherapy. Antibiotics or a gargle are used to treat this concomitant symptom, but these preparations are not satisfactorily effective especially in cases in which the symptoms are severe and/or wide spread. Salcoat, a spray-type preparation of Beclomethasone dipropionate that is used to treat stomatitis, has excellent features which compensate for the disadvantage of the previously mentioned therapy. This preparation can be administered in a non-contact manner, and it contains hydroxypropyl cellulose which assures good adhesion to the mucosa, thus covering and protecting the affected area for a long time. In our clinical trials, this preparation was found to be highly useful in relieving pain and dysgeusia due to radiostomatitis, there by maintaining the quality of life.
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PMID:[Treatment of radiostomatitis with Salcoat]. 229 92

Recently, sedative and antiphlogistic treatment is conducted with low energy laser irradiation. The purpose of the this study was to evaluate the effectiveness to decrease of pain just after irradiation by a GaA1As semiconductor laser. The irradiation apparatus was SEMI LASER NANOX (LX-800: G-C. Co.) with the following features: a wave length of (around) 780nm: the laser energy, 30mW; exposure time, 30sec to 180sec/per treatment. Diagnosis of pre- and post-operative sensitivity were classified into the following four grades: Grade 0 no pain. Grade I mild pain. Grade II strong but tolerable pain. Grade III intolerable pain (simultaneous with stimulation). The results were as follows: 1. In the hypersensitivity of dentin, the treatment was not effective with 2 cases of grade III, but with all of grade I, II (35 cases) the pain decreased just after irradiation. 2. It was effective in all cases with pain like periodontitis after root canal filling and pain after extraction of teeth. 3. It was effective in all cases with gingivitis, stomatitis, and gingival ulcers after infiltration anesthesia etc..
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PMID:[The effectiveness of GaA1As semiconductor laser treatment to pain decrease after irradiation]. 251 20

Disturbances caused by lesions of the oral cavity play an important part in the alteration of the quality of life of cancer patients. The main complications affecting the oral cavity are infections (fungal, viral, bacterial), neutropenic ulcers, drug-induced stomatitis, dry mouth, and taste alteration. Most of the information available about these entities has been acquired in the cancer patient without advanced disease. The little knowledge about the epidemiology and physiopathology of such lesions in the advanced phase of cancer is presented, and approaches to management are suggested.
J Pain Symptom Manage 1989 Mar
PMID:Issues in symptom control. Part 4. Oral complications in patients with advanced cancer. 264 19

Acral erythema after high-dose cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) has been described as a painful, sharply demarcated, and intense erythema of the palms and soles. This phenomenon occurred and is described in three out of three allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients who received high-dose Ara-C and total-body irradiation for conditioning therapy via the same protocol. These patients also received cyclosporine and methotrexate as prophylaxis for acute graft-versus-host disease. Two of the three patients experienced an increase in the pain associated with acral erythema during cyclosporine infusions and required large doses of narcotic analgesics. Since alcohol intensifies the pain of stomatitis and cyclosporine is manufactured in an alcohol base, the high alcohol content is suspect as the causative factor for this adverse reaction/drug interaction.
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PMID:Acral erythema secondary to high-dose cytosine arabinoside with pain worsened by cyclosporine infusions. 265 70

Forty-six patients with recalcitrant rheumatoid arthritis entered a trial encompassing a 2-week inpatient period plus a 16-week, randomized double blind, parallel study comparing placebo, 5 mg/m2 and 10 mg/m2 oral weekly methotrexate (MTX). An additional 6 patients, given 20 mg/m2 MTX, contributed to the toxicity, but not the efficacy analysis. All patients had "failed" either gold or D-penicillamine. A linear dose response relationship (placebo vs 5 mg/m2 vs 10 mg/m2) was found for 5 of 11 outcome variables: patient pain and patient global scale, physician global scale, joint tenderness count and activity of daily living scale (p less than 0.05 for each). Gastrointestinal toxicity (p = 0.002), dyspepsia (p less than 0.03) and stomatitis (p less than 0.09) occurred more commonly with MTX, and a general trend, although not significant, was found toward a dose toxicity relationship.
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PMID:Increasing methotrexate effect with increasing dose in the treatment of resistant rheumatoid arthritis. 272 50

We evaluated the role of gallium nitrate infusion in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Gallium nitrate was administered at 300 mg/m2/day for 7 days every 3 weeks by continuous infusion concomitantly with oral calcium supplement of 500 mg twice daily and oral hydration. Fifteen patients with refractory metastatic breast cancer received such treatment for a total of 30 courses. Median age was 51, and median performance status (Zubrod scale) was 1. These patients had minimal prior chemotherapy (median 1 regimen). All patients were evaluable for toxicity and 14 for response. Nine patients had one to two metastatic sites, five patients had three to four sites. No major objective response was seen, but one patient had a minor response (10 weeks), and another showed no change in disease (16 weeks). Diverse low-grade toxicities were observed, including nausea and vomiting in 11 patients, anorexia in 11, diarrhea in eight, stomatitis in five, dysgeusia in six, musculoskeletal pain in five, skin rash in seven, partially reversible tinnitus and/or mild hearing loss in four and sensory neuropathy in two. A consistent drop in hemoglobin (median of 3.2 g/dL per patient) necessitated blood transfusion in seven patients. There was no granulocytopenia or thrombocytopenia; however, significant lymphopenia was noted. Reversible, moderate nephrotoxicity occurred in two patients. The hypocalcemic effect was consistent, with a median drop in serum calcium of 1.25 mg/dL per course. There was no hepatic toxicity. While no single toxicity was severe, overall toxicity adversely influenced treatment tolerance. Gallium nitrate by continuous infusion, as given in this study, has no activity in metastatic breast cancer.
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PMID:Phase II evaluation of gallium nitrate by continuous infusion in breast cancer. 279 77

The article reports on 41 patients having infections induced by Herpes simplex and Herpes zoster virus. Systemic intravenous administration of acyclovir results in a very rapid reduction of pain and mucosal changes in herpetic stomatitis. In cutaneous lesions of the trigeminal nerve branches induced by Herpes zoster virus there is also a very rapid reduction of pain and efflurescence after 3 days. In 16 patients suffering from Ramsay Hunt syndrome, also known as Herpes zoster oticus, lesions of the facial nerve function were present. 8 Patients demonstrated cochleovestibular signs and symptoms, 2 had flat inner ear hearing loss of 40 dB, 1 reduced unilateral caloric response. Treatment was effected by intravenous administration of acyclovir and simultaneous classical symptomatic therapy consisting of intravenously administered dextrane, cortisone and antiinflammatory drugs. Symptomatic therapy is necessary because acyclovir stops the replication of viruses but does not influence the disturbed nerve function. In 2 cases with a damage of more than 90% of the facial nerve fibres, endaural decompression of the geniculate ganglion was performed. Cochleovestibular deficits improved to normal during one week and all facial lesions within 8 months. Drug-related side effects were seen in one patient who had an exanthema.
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PMID:[Therapy of herpes simplex and varicella zoster infections in the ENT area]. 303 95

Methotrexate, 7.5-25.0 mg, was taken in a single weekly dose by 101 patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis. In the course of treatment there was significant improvement in pain and mobility, as well as in the number of inflamed joints, strength of hand-grip (both hands), and use of steroids. There was a significant fall in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and haemoglobin content rose significantly. Improvement occurred in 85% of patients; within this group 30% had a remission during treatment. There were 7% non-responders. Side effects were frequent: gastrointestinal symptoms in about 50%, loss of hair and stomatitis in 10-20%. In nine patients methotrexate had to be discontinued because of side effects, but in six of them the drug was taken again later on. Transaminases increased in 50% of patients. No clear-cut histological changes were found in the liver. It is concluded that low-dose methotrexate is effective in the long-term treatment of chronic rheumatoid arthritis.
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PMID:[Treatment of chronic polyarthritis with low-dose methotrexate]. 337 Dec 11

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection of the hand occurs predominantly in three different population groups. Young adults with a recurrent HSV II infection of the hand account for the majority of cases. A prodromal phase of up to 72 hours and a recurrence of seven to 10 days' duration occasionally associated with lymphangitis, lymphadenopathy, and lymphedema are characteristic. HSV I infection of the hand classically occurs in children with herpetic stomatitis and in health care workers infected during patient care delivery. In health care workers, the infection may last 21 to 28 days and be associated with severe pain and lymphangitis. Recurrences appear uncommon in HSV I infections. Primary infection is usually managed conservatively. Vesicle drainage for pain relief and antiviral therapy with acyclovir may be of value. For recurrent infections, acyclovir, 800 mg orally, twice daily, initiated during the prodrome in an open study of eight patients appeared effective in aborting the attack. Evaluation of long-term suppression in recurrent HSV infection of the hand is in progress.
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PMID:Herpes simplex virus infection of the hand. Clinical features and management. 340 76

This nonblinded, crossover study was undertaken to compare the extent and duration of analgesia after administration of benzydamine 0.15% oral rinse and Hospital for Sick Children (HSC) mouthwash for pain (nystatin 7000 U/ml, lidocaine viscous 0.58 ml/ml in NaCl 0.9%) in pediatric patients with antineoplastic-induced stomatitis. Each mouthwash was administered as a paint or a gargle q2h while the child was awake on two consecutive days. Patients older than three years were asked to describe their pain by means of a pictorial or a visual analog scale. Pain was assessed by the investigator, parent, or nurse caring for the patient as well as the patient whenever possible before each dose and 10, 30, and 60 minutes after the first three doses each day for four days. Stomatitis severity was graded daily. Four patients completed the study protocol; an additional three patients dropped out of the study due to severe stinging when benzydamine oral rinse was administered. The case histories of the patients who completed the study are presented. Both preparations reduced pain for at least one hour in most instances but not for two hours. Three of four patients elected to continue treatment with HSC mouthwash for pain. Study recruitment was halted due to the ethical concern of continuing with the knowledge that benzydamine oral rinse causes oral pain and stinging, especially in patients with severe stomatitis.
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PMID:Comparative evaluation of benzydamine oral rinse in children with antineoplastic-induced stomatitis. 356 39


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