Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0038362 (stomatitis)
 8,852 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pediatric oncology nurses provide a major role in the assessment and management of gastrointestinal complications in children resulting from cancer therapies. The clinical problems most frequently seen in this area include stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and diarrhea. These areas are reviewed in detail according to various nursing diagnoses including definitions and pathophysiology, recent studies and interventions, special considerations for children, and patient and parent education.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal manifestations in the child with cancer. 149 30

A total of 185 eligible patients with advanced inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were randomized into two groups; the cisplatin, methotrexate, bleomycin, and vincristine (CABO) group received cisplatin (50 mg/m2; day 4), methotrexate (40 mg/m2; days 1, 15), bleomycin (10 mg; days 1, 8, and 15), and vincristine (2 mg; days 1, 8, and 15) and the ABO group received methotrexate, bleomycin and vincristine in the same doses on days 1, 8, and 15. After three courses, patients in both arms received weekly methotrexate as maintenance therapy; those 34 patients with previously untreated locoregional disease went off the study because of subsequent locoregional treatment in form of radiotherapy +/- surgery. The complete response rate was 16% in patients receiving CABO, compared with 5% among patients given ABO. The corresponding overall response rates were 50% and 28%, respectively (P = 0.003). Among patients with recurrent or metastatic disease, progression was delayed in patients receiving CABO (median, 18 weeks) compared to those receiving ABO (median, 14 weeks) (P = 0.07), but there was no difference in survival time. Myelosuppression consisted mostly of leukopenia, which was seen in 67% of the CABO patients versus 47% in the other arm. Myelosuppression-associated infection and hemorrhage led to death in two patients in the CABO treatment group and six patients in the ABO treatment group. Nausea and vomiting, mostly of grades 1 or 2, occurred in 93% of the patients given CABO and 44% of those receiving ABO. Other toxic effects--neuropathy, alopecia, stomatitis, constipation, fever/chills, diarrhea, cutaneous alterations, and renal impairment--occurred equally in the two treatment groups. This study underlines the role of cisplatin in head and neck cancer, although no impact on survival could be demonstrated. It also supports indirectly the superiority of combination chemotherapy over single-agent treatment for this disease.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with methotrexate, bleomycin, and vincristine with or without cisplatin in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. 244 36

A phase II evaluation of vindesine (VDS) was performed in 16 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (ten patients with adenocarcinoma, six patients with squamous cell carcinoma, and one patient with large cell carcinoma). All except one of the patients had had prior chemotherapy. VDS at a dose of 3 mg/m2 was given intravenously every week for more than three weeks. Among 16 evaluable patients, two patients with pretreated adenocarcinoma of the lung showed partial response. The response rate for VDS was 12.5%. Toxic effects included leukopenia (94%), anemia (44%), thrombopenia (13%), alopecia (38%), peripheral neurotoxicity (38%), liver injury (19%), constipation (13%), anorexia (13%), nausea (13%), stomatitis (6%) and fever (6%).
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PMID:[A phase II study of vindesine for pretreated non-small cell lung cancer]. 303 21

Thirteen patients with osteo-arthritis entered a 12-month open-label assessment of the efficacy and safety of a single morning dose of isoxicam 200 mg. Pain scale scores were significantly reduced and this was accompanied by improvement in most of the symptoms. No patients suffered adverse reactions considered to be definitely related to the use of isoxicam and only 3 patients reported adverse reactions (mild weight gain, stomatitis, constipation) probably related to treatment. Isoxicam 200 mg once a day was effective and well tolerated in the long-term symptomatic treatment of osteo-arthritis.
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PMID:A clinical evaluation of isoxicam in the treatment of osteo-arthritis. 388 39

Sixty patients with metastatic breast cancer refractory to prior doxorubicin combinations were randomized by performance status, dominant disease site, and number of involved organ sites to receive vindesine either as a bolus injection of 3-4 mg/m2 iv every 10-14 days or as a continuous 5-day infusion of 1-1.2 mg/m2/day every 21 days. There were two patients with partial responses (7%) and six with stable disease among the 26 evaluable patients who received bolus injections. Of the 25 evaluable patients who received continuous infusions, seven achieved a partial response (28%) and 11 had stable disease (0.001 less than P less than 0.005). Thirteen patients, after failing to respond to bolus vindesine, were given continuous infusions. Of these, 11 were evaluable and four had partial response (36%). Responses were seen in all organ sites of involvement, with response duration ranging from 2 to 9+ months. Side effects included nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, constipation, neuropathy, fever, and myelosuppression. Except for myelosuppression, which was more evident with the continuous infusion schedule, no significant difference was seen in the frequency of side effects encountered with the two schedules. These results confirmed that there is an improved therapeutic index for vindesine when it is given as a continuous 5-day infusion.
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PMID:Vindesine in the treatment of refractory breast cancer: improvement in therapeutic index with continuous 5-day infusion. 727 12

The effects of environmental factors in the morbidity pattern of 893 children under 5 years of age living in the urban, urban slum, and rural areas of Varanasi are investigated. 273 children belonged to an urban area, 284 to urban slum area, and 336 to a rural area. All 3 areas have general outpatient services as well as underfive clinics. Data on childrearing practices, anthropometric measurements, and morbidity are recorded in the health cards of the children. Various illnesses observed included gastroenteritis, upper respiratory tract infection, stomatitis, constipation, fever, pica, anemia, Vitamin A deficiency, measles, chicken pox, whooping cough, and others. Total illnesses per child were higher in urban slum and rural children compared to the urban group (chi-square=132.7, p0.001). Children who lived in pucca and mixed houses in urban slum and rural areas had significantly higher morbidity compared to the urban group (pucca houses, chi-square=77.01, p0.01; mixed houses, chi-square=16.98, p0.001). The incidence of morbidity was higher in children who lived in inadequately ventilated kachcha houses, had poor source of water supply through open wells and practiced open field defecation compared to those who lived in pucca houses with adequate ventilation, utilized tap water, and were using service latrines. The findings suggest the need to educate mothers and to improve sanitation in order to maintain hygienic conditions for improving the health status of the children. A safe drinking water scheme should be immediately instituted in the crowded urban slums or rural areas. The few wells in villages should be improved and water chlorinated by bleaching powder or chlorine tablets.
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PMID:Influence of environmental factors on underfive morbidity. 730 16

53 patients with advanced and measurable cancerr were treated with vindesine in doses of 3 mg/m2 (pretreated) and 4 mg/m2 (non pretreated) i.v. once weekly. 48 patients are evaluable for response: of 14 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, 1 partial remission (PR), 1 minor response (MR) and 1 no change (NC) were observed. In 5 patients with large cell carcinoma of the lung: 1 NC. In 3 with adenocarcinoma of the lung: 1 MR. One patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma had progressive disease. Stable disease was observed in a patient with carcinoma of the tongue and in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Four patients with colorectal carcinoma had progressive disease. One MR was observed in a patient with breast cancer, while all of the other 3 patients had progressive disease. One carcinoma of the penis was stable. One MR was observed in a patient with Hodgkin's disease. One PR was observed in a case with no-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A patient with acute leukemia had progressive disease. Among 9 patients with malignant melanoma, 3 had an MR and 1 patient had stable disease. A patient with fibrosarcoma had progressive disease. Observed toxicity included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, paresthesias, constipation, jaw pain, nausea, stomatitis, alopecia, loss of taste, pruritus and skin rash, weakness and fatigue.
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PMID:[Phase-II-study with vindesine (desacetyl-vinblastine-amide-sulfate) in advanced malignant diseases]. 742 51

The follow-up of an important number of patients during the last three decades has shown a substantial difference between the clinical description of pellagra in the 40's (the triad: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia) and its clinical aspects today: sun-exposed teguments revealing erythema and rapidly becoming pigmented and parchment like, dried, parched lips, angular stomatitis, lead like sclera fine cornea vascularization; gastro-intestinal disturbances: constipation, unjustified diarrhea, strange migratory abdominal feelings accompanied by ubiquitous dysesthesias. Other characteristics of this form of disease are: unexpressive look, continuously concerned, thoughtful, anxious or frowning, labile mind, headaches, insomnia. Villager's neurosis sometimes may be considered, in an appropriate clinical context, as a facet of nutritional deficiency. It is considered that the "classical" features of pellagra have changed due to: protein ingestion slightly below the lowest normal limit, decrease of strenuous physical activity and some associated diseases (frequently gastrointestinal disorders, chronic alcoholism).
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PMID:Particular features of clinical pellagra. 792 Mar 32

CI-980 is a synthetic mitotic inhibitor that binds to the colchicine binding site of tubulin. It demonstrates broad activity against human and murine tumor models and shows no cross resistance with tumor models whose mechanism of resistance is mediated by P-glycoprotein (MDR-1). A phase I study was completed in 25 patients with solid tumors using a 24-hour infusion schedule, with courses repeated every 3 weeks. Eight dose levels were tested between 1.2 and 15.6 mg/m2. The maximum tolerated dose was 14.4 mg/m2. Neutropenia was dose-related but not dose-limiting; thrombocytopenia was infrequent. CNS toxicities were dose-limiting and consisted of dizziness, headache, loss of coordination, loss of consciousness, nervousness, and other symptoms. These events occurred near the end of the infusion and were reversible, usually within 24 hours. One patient who was to be treated at dose level 8 (intended dose was 19.2 mg/m2; actual dose was 15.6 mg/m2) became encephalopathic prior to completion of the infusion. Other adverse events included gastrointestinal toxicities (nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation, stomatitis, dyspepsia, bleeding, cheilitis), IV site erythema, fever, and fatigue. A partial response was observed in one patient with colon cancer and reductions in CA-125 levels were observed in 2 patients with ovarian cancer. Pharmacokinetics were linear and dose-proportional. Results indicate high systemic clearance and wide tissue distribution. Mean pharmacokinetic parameter values: T1/2 = 5.52 hours, plasma clearance 1163 mL/min/m2, and Vdss 376 L/m2.
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PMID:A phase I trial and pharmacokinetic evaluation of CI-980 in patients with advanced solid tumors. 938 46

In our phase II study an acceptable and effective agent like cisplatin was used in combination with vinorelbine and gemcitabine in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These two new cytostatic drugs have demonstrated, when used as a single-agent treatment, effective response rates (vinorelbine) and minimum toxicity (gemcitabine). The following schedule was used: (i) vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8; (ii) gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8; and (iii) cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 8. The schedule was repeated every 21 days, with a maximum of six cycles per patient. A total of 31 patients with a mean Karnofsky performance status of 90% were evaluated and 29 of them were finally eligible. Of the patients, five (16.1%) were at stage IIIb and the remainder (83.9%) were at stage IV. The overall response rate was 65% (20 patients); six patients (19.4%) had complete response (CR) and 14 (45.2%) had partial response (PR). Two patients (6.5%) had stable disease and seven (22.6%) had progressive disease. The most notable toxicity was hematologic. Leukoneutropenia was mainly revealed after the third or fourth cycle and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was administered in 24 patients (77.4%). Mild anemia was found in almost all patients after the third or fourth cycle (Hb 10-11 g/dl) and eight patients (25.8%) required erythropoietin (EPO). Thrombocytopenia was more often observed compared with other known chemotherapeutic regimens; six patients (19.4%) had grade I thrombocytopenia and therapy was delayed in another four patients (12.9%) due to this complication. Non-hematologic toxicity was mild and well tolerated and consisted of alopecia (54.8%), nausea and vomiting (12.9%), constipation (12.9%), peripheral neuropathy (9.6%), diarrhea (6.5%), stomatitis (3.2%) and local phlebitis (3.2%). The examined combination provides us with one of the best overall responses rates reported, however at the cost of remarkable hematologic toxicity. Therefore, it would be better applied in patients with good performance status. The high response rates give us hope of using this combination as a neoadjuvant regimen.
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PMID:A phase II study with vinorelbine, gemcitabine and cisplatin in the treatment of patients with stage IIIb-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). 1010 Jan 44


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